Decadal (2012-2023) account of spatio-temporal variability in satellite-detected biomass fires on Indian landmass and their fire radiative power.

Worldwide escalation in wildfire incidences calls for continuous monitoring and early detection of fires to strengthen regional fire combating strategies. Inter-annual variability in fire count and Fire Radiative Power (FRP), spatial spread of fires in the most active seasons during 2012‒2023 on Indian landmass are reported. Fire data is extracted from 375 m active fire detection product of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) hosted by Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership.

Tagging Emissions from Indoor Biomass Combustion with a Cost-Effective Sensor Array: From Design to Field Deployment in Rural Indian Households.

In this study, we introduce an innovative method for monitoring emissions from indoor biomass combustion, a prevalent practice in rural households in the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Our approach utilizes a portable and cost-efficient sensor array with advanced data handling, employing commercially available sensors to measure CO, CO, NO, SO, PMs, VOC, NOx, cookstove and ambient temperature, relative humidity, and pressure. We developed hardware and software to gather and process sensor data and control the temperature cycle using the BME688 sensors.

Deciphering the comprehensive microbiome of glacier-fed Ganges and functional aspects: implications for one health.

Glacier-fed rivers are significant ecological components of the river catchments, yet their microbial diversity and the associated antimicrobial potential remain underexplored. The Ganges is a glacier-fed river of immense cultural, religious, and ecological significance that supports over 400 million people downstream, providing essential water for agriculture, industry, and daily use. Despite its importance, the microbial community composition and antimicrobial potential, across its relatively pristine origin, remain largely underexplored.

Impact of Open Cast Coal Mining on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Bhadravati Mine Area in Central India Based on Three-Decadal Land Use Land Cover Assessment.

The valuation of ecosystem services over ecologically disturbed landscapes provides an objective metric to understand the level of disturbances in an economic domain. The present study investigates the impact of open-cast coal mining on land use and land cover (LULC) and ecosystem service valuation (ESV) in the Bhadravati area from 1993 to 2023. Results showed that mining activities expanded dramatically, increasing from 21.

Impact of pyrolysis temperature and solution pH on singlet oxygen dominated dye degradation in biochar activated peroxymonosulfate process.

Activation of peroxymonosulfate by various agents to produce sulfate radical in water medium is an efficient route for the degradation of several recalcitrant organic pollutants. Biochar is found to be an effective catalyst for the activation of peroxymonosulfate. The impact of pyrolysis temperature on dye removal by biochar activated peroxymonosulfate process at various pH conditions was investigated in this study.

Long-term arsenic exposure perturbs gut microbial diversity, composition and predicts metabolic dysregulation.

The present study documents significant alterations in human gut microbial composition in arsenic exposed populations of West Bengal, India through amplicon sequencing of human stool metagenomic DNA. A notable reduction in α-diversity underscored a reduced species richness and an altered predominance. β- diversity analysis revealed prominent inter-individual differences.

Intracellular CO Capture Triggered Outperforming Biocatalytic Production of Selective Acetic Acid and Biohydrogen Housing in Porous-Organic-Nanofiber.

The increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) necessitates innovative biocatalytic strategies for its utilization in sustainable chemical production. This study introduces a novel electrofermentation (EF) platform integrating polycarbazole-based porous organic polymer (VJ-POP)-coated electrodes to enhance selective acetic acid (AA) biosynthesis by Bacillus subtilis. Impressive high surface area and tailored porosity facilitate efficient CO₂ capture, modulate intracellular metabolic fluxes, and improve electron transfer, thereby driving product specificity.

Removal of traces of highly explosive trinitrotoluene from TNT red water by using graphene nanocomposites prepared from solid wastes: an example of circular economy.

The defence munition is primarily composed of high-intensity explosive chemicals such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the manufacturing of TNT generates highly intense red-colored effluents consisting of TNT and its derivatives, sulfonates, and nitrobenzene. As of date, there is no comprehensive treatment for TNT red water. In this study, we propose to treat TNT from red water using different graphene nanocomposites, i.

Selective Sensing of Human Serum Albumin by a D···π···A-Based Self-Assembled Nanoprobe via a Disassembly Mechanism: Quantification and Live Cell Imaging Applications.

Human serum albumin (HSA) serves as a vital biomarker for diagnosing kidney and liver diseases. Herein, we describe the detailed synthetic procedure of a D···π···A-based fluorescent probe HPQM [(E)-2-(2-(8-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-9-yl)vinyl)-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indol-3-ium], which forms weakly fluorescent nanoaggregates in aqueous environments due to the aggregation-caused quenching phenomenon. Nevertheless, in the presence of HSA, it becomes highly fluorescent (∼25-fold enhancement), facilitating the disassembly of nanoaggregates into its monomer.

Encapsulation techniques of sludge generated from wastewater treatment.

Human civilization's progress, along with the linear economy approach, is leading us toward major environmental and economic challenges. Industrial waste, one of these challenges, has always been a topic of research and development. Encapsulation is a method that offers a promising implementation of waste and reutilizing it as a resource in a value-added product while immobilizing toxic components such as heavy metals.

Strata-based approach for determination of resource recovery potential from legacy waste dumpsite in India.

The growing interest in recovering resources from old dumpsites has greatly accelerated the adoption of landfill mining (LFM) in recent years. This study focuses on assessing the quality of materials recovered from diverse legacy waste dumpsites using a strata-based approach. The method involved waste characterization, elemental analysis, physico-chemical characterization, heavy metals analysis and correlation analysis to assess the potential of solid waste samples collected from all three layers.

Repurposing major metabolites of lamiaceae family as potential inhibitors of -synuclein aggregation to alleviate neurodegenerative diseases: an approach.

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are typically characterized by progressive loss of neuronal function and the deposition of misfolded proteins in the brain and peripheral organs. They are molecularly classified based on the specific proteins involved, underscoring the critical role of protein-processing systems in their pathogenesis. Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a neural protein that is crucial in initiating and progressing various NDs by directly or indirectly regulating other ND-associated proteins.

Anaerobic conversion of de-oiled yeast biomass fractionation waste to biomethane and biohydrogen for resource efficiency in biorefineries.

High-value intracellular bio-compounds are extracted from microbial biomass through cell fractionation processes, which generate discharge streams. These discharges are rich in organic carbon and nitrogen that are derived from the soluble and insoluble protein and carbohydrate polymers. The present study investigated the anaerobic conversion of such a tertiary waste stream generated during the production of glucan-chitin complex through fractionation of de-oiled yeast biomass (a type of spent microbial biomass, which is the solid leftover residue of yeast lipid production process).

Management of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in drinking water: A comprehensive review on occurrence, toxicity, challenges and treatment approaches.

The synergistic effects of increased anthropogenic activities and climate change have intensified the frequency of cyanobacterial blooms in surface water bodies. These blooms pose significant health risks to humans and animals due to the release of cyanotoxins into the water. Conventional drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are often ineffective in removing cyanobacterial cells due to challenges such as electrostatic repulsion, hydrophilicity, and buoyancy.

Atmospheric microplastics deposition in a central Indian city: Distribution, characteristics and seasonal variations.

Atmospheric microplastics (AMPs) transport and deposition in urban areas contribute to microplastics pollution. The present study investigates AMPs deposition, characteristics, potential sources, and the influence of meteorological factors in a central Indian city. AMPs were collected over three land-use types, viz.

Volatile methylsiloxanes in beauty and personal care products sold in India and human exposure assessment.

This study investigated the presence of cyclic and linear volatile methylsiloxanes in 174 beauty and personal care products (PCPs) sold in India. Siloxanes were detected in all the samples with a detection frequency of 20 to 99 %. The cyclic siloxanes viz.

Micro and mesofauna: Pioneering sustainable solutions for fly ash rejuvenation.

Persistent accumulation of fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, poses significant environmental challenges due to its elevated levels of toxicity, heavy metal contamination, and ecological issues. Present review explores the ecological significance and functional potential of microfauna and mesofauna in mitigating environmental impacts, focusing on their ability to rehabilitate fly ash dump sites into biologically active and sustainable ecosystems. Microfaunal groups, including protozoa, nematodes, and other small invertebrates, play essential roles in promoting soil aggregation, pollutant biotransformation, and nutrient cycling while fostering synergistic interactions with plant communities to accelerate bioremediation processes and biodiversity recovery.

Wastewater surveillance of open drains for mapping the trajectory and succession of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in 23 cities of Maharashtra state (India) during June 2022 to May 2023.

The timely detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling its spread, especially in areas vulnerable to outbreaks. However, due to a lack of sustainable and low cost methods, early detection of such outbreaks is impacting low to middle-income countries (LMICs). Leveraging Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE), we examined the dissemination and evolution of the SARS CoV2 virus in open drains across urban, suburban and densely populated cities in selected regions in the state of Maharashtra, the third largest state of India.

Non-essential use of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers in single-use plastics manufactured in India: An avoidable class of plastic additives.

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVs) are extensively utilized as additives in various polymeric formulations to protect against harmful UV radiation. Classified as persistent, mobile, and toxic additives, BUVs have attracted the attention of researchers and regulatory bodies worldwide. However, there is limited information on the BUVs content in different plastics.

Benthic diatoms as indicators of water quality in Sharda (Kali), a transboundary Himalayan River.

Bioassessment studies in river systems of India are rather scarce and most of the monitoring programmes still rely on the traditional physical and chemical analysis. We explored the biomonitoring potential of benthic diatoms from the Sharda (Kali) river in the Himalayas, which is due interlinking with the Yamuna River under the National River Linking Programme (NRLP) in India. Seventeen sites along the Sharda were sampled in November 2022 for the analysis of 14 physical and chemical variables and benthic diatoms.

Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Community Associated with Food Waste Composting.

Food waste is an increasing cause of concern in India. Its management through composting plays a vital role in managing the biodegradable fraction of municipal solid waste. However, the existing composting process has many challenges, such as the lack of optimum microenvironment and microbiome knowledge, which limits efficient outcomes.