Toward Optimized Charge Transport in Multilayer Reduced Graphene Oxides.

In the context of graphene-based composite applications, a complete understanding of charge conduction in multilayer reduced graphene oxides (rGO) is highly desirable. However, these rGO compounds are characterized by multiple and different sources of disorder depending on the chemical method used for their synthesis. Most importantly, the precise role of interlayer interaction in promoting or jeopardizing electronic flow remains unclear.

Innate but Not Adaptive Immunity Regulates Lung Recovery from Chronic Exposure to Graphene Oxide Nanosheets.

Graphene has drawn a lot of interest in the material community due to unique physicochemical properties. Owing to a high surface area to volume ratio and free oxygen groups, the oxidized derivative, graphene oxide (GO) has promising potential as a drug delivery system. Here, the lung tolerability of two distinct GO varying in lateral dimensions is investigated, to reveal the most suitable candidate platform for pulmonary drug delivery.

Metal-Organic Polyhedra as Building Blocks for Porous Extended Networks.

Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) are a subclass of coordination cages that can adsorb and host species in solution and are permanently porous in solid-state. These characteristics, together with the recent development of their orthogonal surface chemistry and the assembly of more stable cages, have awakened the latent potential of MOPs to be used as building blocks for the synthesis of extended porous networks. This review article focuses on exploring the key developments that make the extension of MOPs possible, highlighting the most remarkable examples of MOP-based soft materials and crystalline extended frameworks.

Low-Cost, User-Friendly, All-Integrated Smartphone-Based Microplate Reader for Optical-Based Biological and Chemical Analyses.

The quantitative detection of different molecular targets is of utmost importance for a variety of human activities, ranging from healthcare to environmental studies. Bioanalytical methods have been developed to solve this and to achieve the quantification of multiple targets from small volume samples. Generally, they can be divided into two different classes: point of care (PoC) and laboratory-based approaches.

Heat-Up Colloidal Synthesis of Shape-Controlled Cu-Se-S Nanostructures-Role of Precursor and Surfactant Reactivity and Performance in N Electroreduction.

Copper selenide-sulfide nanostructures were synthesized using metal-organic chemical routes in the presence of Cu- and Se-precursors as well as S-containing compounds. Our goal was first to examine if the initial Cu/Se 1:1 molar proportion in the starting reagents would always lead to equiatomic composition in the final product, depending on other synthesis parameters which affect the reagents reactivity. Such reaction conditions were the types of precursors, surfactants and other reagents, as well as the synthesis temperature.

The Role of Temperature on the Degree of End-Closing and Filling of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), owing to their high surface area-to-volume ratio and hollow core, can be employed as hosts for adsorbed and/or encapsulated molecules. At high temperatures, the ends of CNTs close spontaneously, which is relevant for several applications, including catalysis, gas storage, and biomedical imaging and therapy. This study highlights the influence of the annealing temperature in the range between 400 and 1100 °C on the structure and morphology of single-walled CNTs.

Full-bandwidth electrophysiology of seizures and epileptiform activity enabled by flexible graphene microtransistor depth neural probes.

Mapping the entire frequency bandwidth of brain electrophysiological signals is of paramount importance for understanding physiological and pathological states. The ability to record simultaneously DC-shifts, infraslow oscillations (<0.1 Hz), typical local field potentials (0.

Photoredox Heterobimetallic Dual Catalysis Using Engineered Covalent Organic Frameworks.

The functionalization of an imine-based layered covalent organic framework (COF), containing phenanthroline units as ligands, has allowed the obtention of a heterobimetallated material. Photoactive Ir and Ni fragments were immobilized within the porous structure of the COF, enabling heterogeneous light-mediated Csp-Csp cross-couplings. As radical precursors, potassium benzyl- and alkoxy-trifluoroborates, organic silicates, and proline derivatives were employed, which brings out the good versatility of .

Correction: Influence of 4f filling on electronic and magnetic properties of rare earth-Au surface compounds.

Correction for 'Influence of 4f filling on electronic and magnetic properties of rare earth-Au surface compounds' by L. Fernandez , , 2020, , 22258-22267, DOI: 10.1039/D0NR04964F.

Functionalization of filled radioactive multi-walled carbon nanocapsules by arylation reaction for delivery of radio-therapy.

Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) containing radioactive salts are proposed as a potential system for radioactivity delivery. MWCNTs are loaded with isotopically enriched 152-samarium chloride (SmCl), the ends of the MWCNTs are sealed by high temperature treatment, and the encapsulated Sm is neutron activated to radioactive Sm. The external walls of the radioactive nanocapsules are functionalized through arylation reaction, to introduce hydrophilic chains and increase the water dispersibility of CNTs.

The Interactions between Nanoparticles and the Innate Immune System from a Nanotechnologist Perspective.

The immune system contributes to maintaining the body's functional integrity through its two main functions: recognizing and destroying foreign external agents (invading microorganisms) and identifying and eliminating senescent cells and damaged or abnormal endogenous entities (such as cellular debris or misfolded/degraded proteins). Accordingly, the immune system can detect molecular and cellular structures with a spatial resolution of a few nm, which allows for detecting molecular patterns expressed in a great variety of pathogens, including viral and bacterial proteins and bacterial nucleic acid sequences. Such patterns are also expressed in abnormal cells.

Corrigendum: Development and Characterization of a New Endoscopic Drug-Eluting Platform With Proven Efficacy in Acute and Chronic Experimental Colitis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.

Clip-off Chemistry: Synthesis by Programmed Disassembly of Reticular Materials.

Bond breaking is an essential process in chemical transformations and the ability of researchers to strategically dictate which bonds in a given system will be broken translates to greater synthetic control. Here, we report extending the concept of selective bond breaking to reticular materials in a new synthetic approach that we call Clip-off Chemistry. We show that bond-breaking in these structures can be controlled at the molecular level; is periodic, quantitative, and selective; is effective in reactions performed in either solid or liquid phases; and can occur in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion involving the entire bulk precursor sample.

Novel transducers for high-channel-count neuroelectronic recording interfaces.

Neuroelectronic interfaces with the nervous system are an essential technology in state-of-the-art neuroscience research aiming to uncover the fundamental working mechanisms of the brain. Progress towards increased spatio-temporal resolution has been tightly linked to the advance of microelectronics technology and novel materials. Translation of these technologies to neuroscience has resulted in multichannel neural probes and acquisition systems enabling the recording of brain signals using thousands of channels.

Nanoscale Wetting of Single Viruses.

The epidemic spread of many viral infections is mediated by the environmental conditions and influenced by the ambient humidity. Single virus particles have been mainly visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in liquid conditions, where the effect of the relative humidity on virus topography and surface cannot be systematically assessed. In this work, we employed multi-frequency AFM, simultaneously with standard topography imaging, to study the nanoscale wetting of individual Tobacco Mosaic virions (TMV) from ambient relative humidity to water condensation (RH > 100%).

Basic aspects of the charge density wave instability of transition metal trichalcogenides NbSeand monoclinic-TaS.

NbSeand monoclinic-TaS(-TaS) are quasi-1D metals containing three different types of chains and undergoing two different charge density wave Peierls transitions atTP1andTP2associated with type III and type I chains, respectively. The nature of these transitions is discussed on the basis of first-principles DFT calculation of their Fermi surface (FS) and electron-hole response function. Because of the stronger inter-chain interactions, the FS and electron-hole response function are considerably more complex for NbSethan-TaS; however a common scenario can be put forward to rationalize the results.

Rapid and Efficient Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Using an Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensor.

The availability of sensors able to rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 directly in biological fluids in a single step would allow performing massive diagnostic testing to track in real time and contain the spread of COVID-19. Motivated by this, here, we developed an electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) sensor able to achieve the rapid, reagentless, and quantitative measurement of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. First, we demonstrated the ability of the selected aptamer to undergo a binding-induced conformational change in the presence of its target using fluorescence spectroscopy.

Van der Waals heterostructures for spintronics and opto-spintronics.

The large variety of 2D materials and their co-integration in van der Waals heterostructures enable innovative device engineering. In addition, their atomically thin nature promotes the design of artificial materials by proximity effects that originate from short-range interactions. Such a designer approach is particularly compelling for spintronics, which typically harnesses functionalities from thin layers of magnetic and non-magnetic materials and the interfaces between them.

Tuning the Magnetic Anisotropy of Lanthanides on a Metal Substrate by Metal-Organic Coordination.

Taming the magnetic anisotropy of lanthanides through coordination environments is crucial to take advantage of the lanthanides properties in thermally robust nanomaterials. In this work, the electronic and magnetic properties of Dy-carboxylate metal-organic networks on Cu(111) based on an eightfold coordination between Dy and ditopic linkers are inspected. This surface science study based on scanning probe microscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, complemented with density functional theory and multiplet calculations, reveals that the magnetic anisotropy landscape of the system is complex.

Buttermilk as Encapsulating Agent: Effect of Ultra-High-Pressure Homogenization on Chia Oil-in-Water Liquid Emulsion Formulations for Spray Drying.

Functional foods are highly demanded by consumers. Omega-3 rich oil and commercial buttermilk (BM), as functional components, used in combination to produce emulsions for further drying may facilitate the incorporation to foods. Ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH) has a great potential for technological and nutritional aspects in emulsions production.

An Inverted Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattice as an Efficient Refractive Index Sensor.

We present an efficient refractive index sensor consisting of a heterostructure that contains an Au inverted honeycomb lattice as a main sensing element. Our design aims at maximizing the out-of-plane near-field distributions of the collective modes of the lattice mapping the sensor surroundings. These modes are further enhanced by a patterned SiO layer with the same inverted honeycomb lattice, an SiO spacer, and an Au mirror underneath the Au sensing layer that contribute to achieving a high performance.

A high-entropy manganite in an ordered nanocomposite for long-term application in solid oxide cells.

The implementation of nano-engineered composite oxides opens up the way towards the development of a novel class of functional materials with enhanced electrochemical properties. Here we report on the realization of vertically aligned nanocomposites of lanthanum strontium manganite and doped ceria with straight applicability as functional layers in high-temperature energy conversion devices. By a detailed analysis using complementary state-of-the-art techniques, which include atom-probe tomography combined with oxygen isotopic exchange, we assess the local structural and electrochemical functionalities and we allow direct observation of local fast oxygen diffusion pathways.

Stressor-Dependant Changes in Immune Parameters in the Terrestrial Isopod Crustacean, : A Focus on Nanomaterials.

We compared the changes of selected immune parameters of to different stressors. The animals were either fed for two weeks with Au nanoparticles (NPs), CeO NPs, or Au ions or body-injected with Au NPs, CeO NPs, or lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. Contrary to expectations, the feeding experiment showed that both NPs caused a significant increase in the total haemocyte count (THC).

A three-shell supramolecular complex enables the symmetry-mismatched chemo- and regioselective bis-functionalization of C.

Molecular Russian dolls (matryoshkas) have proven useful for testing the limits of preparative supramolecular chemistry but applications of these architectures to problems in other fields are elusive. Here we report a three-shell, matryoshka-like complex-in which C sits inside a cycloparaphenylene nanohoop, which in turn is encapsulated inside a self-assembled nanocapsule-that can be used to address a long-standing challenge in fullerene chemistry, namely the selective formation of a particular fullerene bis-adduct. Spectroscopic evidence indicates that the ternary complex is sufficiently stable in solution for the two outer shells to affect the addition chemistry of the fullerene guest.