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Efficient delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) to the brain via systemic administration remains a challenge, primarily due to the blood-brain barrier. To address this challenge, we incorporated SR-57227, a ligand of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT)] receptor, into the design of ionizable lipids to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for systemic mRNA delivery to the brain. OS4T LNP was identified as an optimized formulation based on multiple assays. Following systemic administration, OS4T LNP achieved over a 50-fold increase in mRNA translation within brain tissues compared to US Food and Drug Administration-approved Onpattro LNPs (DLin-MC3-DMA). In an orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) mouse model, engineered interleukin-12 mRNA-loaded OS4T LNPs significantly suppressed tumor growth and improved overall survival. This study demonstrates OS4T LNP as a promising platform for brain mRNA delivery and highlights its potential for treating GBM and other central nervous system disorders.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adw0730 | DOI Listing |
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst
September 2025
The emergence of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines as an alternative platform to traditional vaccines has been accompanied by advances in nanobiotechnology, which have improved the stability and delivery of these vaccines through novel nanoparticles (NPs). Specifically, the development of NPs for mRNA delivery has facilitated the loading, protection and release of mRNA in the biological microenvironment, leading to the stimulation of mRNA translation for effective intervention strategies. Intriguingly, two mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna), have been permitted for emergency usage authorization to prevent COVID-19 infection by USFDA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Oncol Pharm Pract
September 2025
Department of Research & Development, Squad Medicine and Research (SMR), Amadalavalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Cancer vaccines represent a transformative shift in oncology, aiming to prevent malignancies or treat established cancers by training the immune system to recognize tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens. This review explores the diverse platforms and mechanisms supporting cancer vaccines, ranging from prophylactic vaccines such as HPV and hepatitis B vaccines that have significantly reduced virus-related cancers to therapeutic vaccines like Sipuleucel-T and T-VEC that extend survival in prostate cancer and melanoma. Vaccine types are classified, and delivery platforms including mRNA, peptide, dendritic cell and viral vector-based approaches are examined alongside pivotal clinical trial outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Nucleic Acids
September 2025
Sanofi, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), a promising tool in vaccine and therapeutic development, is reliant on intact mRNA delivery into target cells. Given its susceptibility to degradation, ensuring its stability is crucial, necessitating rigorous quality control throughout the product life cycle. This study presents an ion-pair reverse-phase liquid chromatography method that enables rapid and direct mRNA extraction from lipid nanoparticles, facilitated by using a surfactant in the sample preparation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
An optimal administration approach is critical for effective mRNA delivery and treatment. Nebulizer inhalation offers a mild, convenient, and noninvasive strategy with high translational potential but primarily focused on lung delivery. In this study, we found that surface charges influence tissue targeting of mRNA lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) postnebulization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirol Sin
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China; Institute for Vaccine Research at Animal Bio-safety Level Ⅲ Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, the cumulative number of confirmed cases worldwide has surpassed 778 million, and the number of deaths has exceeded 7 million, posing a significant threat to human life and health while inflicting enormous losses on the global economy. At the stage where sequential immunization is recommended, there is a pressing demand for mRNA vaccines that can be rapidly adapted to new sequences, are easy to industrialize, and exhibit high safety and effectiveness. We developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) system, designated as WNP, which facilitates essentially in situ expression at the injection site and results in lower levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the liver, thus enhancing its safety compared to liver-targeted alternatives.
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