A comparative study of robot-assisted and manual pore cranial drilling and drainage for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage.

To compare the therapeutic effects of robot-assisted pore cranial drilling and drainage and manual method in neurosurgery. A retrospective analysis of 89 patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent cranial drilling and drainage from January 2023 to June 2024 compared robot-assisted (Group B) and manual (Group A) techniques. Assessment indicators included surgical duration, hematoma volume, clearance rates, drainage tubes, urokinase treatments, and complications. Statistical analysis used R with Mann-Whitney U or t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for confounders, and subgroup analyses evaluated interactions based on baseline characteristics. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. The robot-assisted pore cranial drilling and drainage group showed superior outcomes in terms of postoperative hematoma volume, hematoma clearance rate on the first postoperative day, surgical duration, number of drainage tubes, and postoperative complications compared to the manual group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis of these indicators revealed that the LS mean for the hematoma clearance rate on the first postoperative day in the mid-line shift subgroup was 27.77, with a significant interaction effect (P < 0.05). Robot-assisted pore cranial drilling and drainage may offer advantages over manual techniques in hematoma clearance, operative efficiency, and complication rates for SSICH patients. However, further prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its clinical effectiveness and broader applicability.