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Posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications play crucial roles in plant immunity. However, how plants fine-tune such modifications to activate antiviral immunity remains unknown. Here, we report that the mA methyltransferase TaHAKAI is utilized by wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) to increase viral genomic mA modification and promote viral replication. However, TaHAKAI also functions as an E3 ligase that targets the viral RNA silencing suppressor P2 for degradation and inhibits viral infection. A major allele of TaHAKAI in a susceptible cultivar exhibited reduced E3 ligase activity but not mA methyltransferase activity, promoting viral infection. Interestingly, TaHAKAI attenuates the stability of TaWPS1 (Wheat paired spikelets 1, WPS1) mRNA, the negative regulator of spike development, which might increase panicle length and spikelet number by modulating its mA modification. Our study reveals a mechanism for balancing disease resistance and yield by fine-tuning mA modification and ubiquitination.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60199-1 | DOI Listing |
Health Expect
October 2025
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Introduction: Despite high coverage of routine childhood vaccines, uptake of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in the Pacific Island nation of Tonga has been slow. Culturally appropriate communication resources on the importance, safety, and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine are critical to support acceptance and uptake. To develop these resources, it is important to understand what people want to know.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytopathology
September 2025
Shandong Agricultural University, College of Plant Protection, Tai'an, Shandong, China;
Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) is the main cause of wheat yellow mosaic disease. Although its regulation of protein translation and interactions with host proteins are well-studied, independent regulation of the virus genome is poorly understood. This study performed in vitro experiments investigating replication regulation by the 5' UTR and 3' UTR of WYMV RNA2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Soc Care Deliv Res
September 2025
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Background: Remote services (in which the patient and staff member are not physically colocated) and digital services (in which a patient encounter is digitally mediated in some way) were introduced extensively when the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020. We undertook a longitudinal qualitative study of the introduction, embedding, evolution and abandonment of remote and digital innovations in United Kingdom general practice. This synoptic paper summarises study design, methods, key findings, outputs and impacts to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
September 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, Alberta, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology
The dengue virus (DENV) poses a significant threat to human health, accounting for approximately 400 million infections each year. Its genome features a circular structure that facilitates replication through long-range RNA-RNA interactions, utilizing cyclization sequences located in the untranslated regions (UTRs). To gain new insights into the organization of the DENV genome, we purified the 5' and 3' UTRs of DENV in vitro and examined their structural and binding properties using various biophysical techniques combined with computational methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Sci Monit
September 2025
Departament of Virology, National Institute of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
BACKGROUND The SENTINEL influenza surveillance system has been used in Poland since 2004, incorporating both epidemiological and virological monitoring of influenza viruses. SENTINEL works in cooperation with general practitioners, 16 Voivodship Sanitary Epidemiological Stations (VSES), and the National Influenza Centre (NIC). NON-SENTINEL samples are collected from places that do not participate in the SENTINEL program.
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