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Article Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease, and early clinical diagnosis is crucial for its treatment. CXCR4 expression was characterized in arthritic mouse models and joints of RA patients, and [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 specificity was assessed in non-malignant cells with elevated CXCR4 expression. This study explored the application of CXCR4-targeted PET probe [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 in monitoring disease activity and therapeutic efficacy in RA. To this aim, the metabolic characteristics of [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 and correlation of [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 uptake with arthritis severity were evaluated by PET imaging in arthritic mice. [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 potential in evaluating therapeutic efficacy was further investigated in arthritic mice following methotrexate (MTX) and etanercept (ETC) treatment.
Results: CXCR4 expression was significantly increased in the inflamed joints of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and collagen-antibody induced arthritic (CAIA) mice, and in synovial tissues of RA patients. [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 showed high specificity for CXCR4, with increased probe uptake in arthritic joints that was strongly correlated with arthritis severity scores. PET imaging revealed that increased uptake of [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 in arthritic joints paralleled disease activity, with uptake decreasing upon remission. Furthermore, [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 PET imaging provided earlier and more sensitive assessments of the efficacy of MTX and ETC compared to traditional methods.
Conclusion: The CXCR4-targeted PET probe [ F]AIF-NOTA-QHA-04 is a promising tool for RA diagnosis and monitoring, with high specificity and sensitivity. The potential of this probe as a biomarker for disease activity and therapeutic response underscores its value in personalized medication strategies for the management of RA.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836264 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13550-025-01203-z | DOI Listing |
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