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Arabinoxylan (AX) substantially impacts wheat dough and bread quality; however, the behavior of water-unextractable AX (WU-AX) during breadmaking is not fully understood. This study investigates WU-AX changes during breadmaking by treating it with various sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations to produce alkali-solubilized AX (AS-AX). Higher NaOH concentrations (up to 2.0 M) increase the AS-AX ratio, reaching over 80 %. The release of ferulic acid also increases with NaOH concentration but plateaus at 0.5 M NaOH. Analysis with 50 mM NaOH revealed the AS-AX ratio decreased from 46.0 % in wheat flour to 30.5 % at the proof stage, indicating WU-AX conversion to water-extractable AX (WE-AX) through the cleavage of ferulic acid-mediated bonds. High and low molecular weight AS-AX exhibit different solubilization patterns; low molecular weight AX with weaker bonds solubilizes more readily and converts preferentially to WE-AX. Understanding these dynamic changes can enhance dough properties and bread quality through targeted WU-AX.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143234 | DOI Listing |
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
September 2025
School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
Introducing underutilized legumes as plant-based protein sources to daily meals is an approach to address the increasing demand for alternative proteins. However, legumes often exhibit off-flavors and aromas, causing negative consumer perceptions. Lupins are an underutilized legume that is becoming popular as a plant protein source due to their high protein, fiber, and low starch contents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
This study compared the effects of phosphorylated modified long-chain inulin (PF) with low (PF1), medium (PF3), and high (PF6) degrees of substitution on the rheological, thermal, gluten network depolymerization characteristics, and microstructure of unfrozen and frozen dough. The results showed that PF increased G', G", Tp, and ΔH of unfrozen and frozen dough. Gluten protein analysis revealed that PF significantly increased the SS and α-helix content in gluten, with 3 %FPF3 showing an 11.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Viale Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
The hop plant is gaining interest in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries due to its abundance of secondary metabolites. However, branches and leaves, despite their antioxidant potential, are typically discarded. To valorize these components as functional ingredients they were dried, milled into hop powder (HP), and used to enrich bread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Anqing Yixiu Green Food Innovation Research Institute, Anqing 246000, PR China. Electronic address:
This study presents a biopreservation method using sourdough co-fermented with Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii, optimizing conditions to 220 hydration and 24 h fermentation. The composite sourdough bread quality was evaluated through physicochemical, storage, sensory, and microbial tests, with mechanisms analyzed based on microstructure, rheology, and dough structure. Results showed that: first, the composite sourdough enhanced bread physicochemical properties, increasing volume, height-to-diameter ratio, elasticity, and resilience, while reducing baking loss, hardness, chewiness, and adhesiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
September 2025
South Dakota State University, 2380 Research Parkway, 113B Seed Tech, Brookings, Brookings, South Dakota, United States, 57007;
Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by pv. (), has recently emerged as a significant threat to wheat production in the Northern Great Plains region of the US. Deploying resistant cultivars is an economical and practical method of controlling BLS.
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