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The circadian clock is an internal timekeeper system that regulates biological processes through a central circadian clock and peripheral clocks controlling various genes. Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like 1 (), also known as aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (), is a key component of the circadian clock. The deletion of alone can abolish the circadian rhythms of the human body. plays a critical role in immune cell function. Dysregulation of is linked to immune-related diseases such as autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer, and vice versa. This review highlights the significant role of in governing immune cells, including their development, differentiation, migration, homing, metabolism, and effector functions. This study also explores how dysregulation of can have far-reaching implications and potentially contribute to the onset of immune-related diseases such as autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, sepsis, and trauma. Furthermore, this review discusses treatments for immune-related diseases that target disorders. Understanding the impact of on immune function can provide insights into the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases and help in the development of more effective treatment strategies. Targeting has been demonstrated to achieve good efficacy in immune-related diseases, indicating its promising potential as a targetable therapeutic target in these diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/burnst/tkae075 | DOI Listing |
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 2025
Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Purpose: To characterize corneal immune cell morphodynamics and nerve features, and define the in vivo immune landscape in older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), relative to healthy age-matched adults.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 16 HIV-positive individuals receiving ART and 15 age-matched controls underwent ocular surface examinations and functional in vivo confocal microscopy (Fun-IVCM). Time-lapsed videos were created to analyze corneal immune cells (T cells, dendritic cells [DCs], macrophages).
Exp Ther Med
October 2025
Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Immune-related factors may serve an important role in the development of endometriosis, considering the occurrence of substantial abnormalities in the immune system of women with endometriosis, including reduced T-cell reactivity and natural killer cell cytotoxicity, as well as increased numbers and activation of peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, women suffering from endometriosis are at a higher risk for developing various autoimmune diseases as comorbidities of endometriosis. Recent epidemiological data demonstrate that patients with endometriosis have a significantly higher risk (2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gen Med
September 2025
Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China.
Background: Sepsis is characterized by profound immune and metabolic perturbations, with glycolysis serving as a pivotal modulator of immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms linking glycolytic reprogramming to immune dysfunction remain poorly defined.
Methods: Transcriptomic profiles of sepsis were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus.
J Inflamm Res
September 2025
The Second Clinical College of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease, and its pathogenesis is closely related to the inflammatory microenvironment driven by immune cell penetration. The role of the newly proposed concept of PANoptosis in immune-related diseases is gradually being revealed. However, there is currently a lack of reports on PANoptosis in AIT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Immune-related adverse events (irAE) are treatment-associated complications that single or multiple systems could be involved after immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI), ranging from mild to life-threatening diseases, with significant heterogeneity. This is an important factor which might affect continuous ICI treatment. Patients who have experienced mild to moderate irAE could try ICI rechallenge after they recovered from irAE.
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