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Cathepsin C (Cat C) is a potential candidate for addressing inflammatory conditions associated with neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs). The high reactivity of electrophilic warheads and the metabolic instability of peptide structures are among the primary challenges in developing potent cathepsin C inhibitors. Compound 36, a lead compound derived from compound 1 through structure-based drug design and structure-activity relationship (SAR), exhibited strong Cat C inhibitory activity with an IC value of 437 nM. It also showed a substantial enhancement in overall anti-inflammatory activity, achieving an inhibitory effect on NO release at 4.1 μM. Furthermore, molecular docking was conducted to analyze the mode of action with Cat C. And cell thermal shift analysis (CETSA) revealed that this compound increases the temperature tolerance of Cat C in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting strong binding to the target Cat C. Prolonged pharmacological inhibition activity may result in the depletion of active NSPs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4md00730a | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
September 2025
School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
Although traditional immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers generate vaccines (ISV) to potentiate antiprogrammed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PDL1) antibodies therapy, their efficacy remains limited. This limitation may be attributed to the physical barrier created by extracellular matrix (ECM) and immunosuppressive metabolic barrier mediated by adenosine. Here, we report an oncolytic polymer (OP), a well-designed ε-polylysine derivative with ICD-inducing capacity, which can simultaneously facilitate the release of endogenous ECM-degrading enzyme, Cathepsin B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Prev Med
September 2025
Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama.
Background: Hyperthermia (HT), while a cancer treatment approach, isn't always effective alone. Therefore, identifying hyperthermia enhancers is crucial. We demonstrated that Mito-TEMPO ([2-[(1-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) amino]-2-oxoethyl]-triphenylphosphanium, MT) acts as a potent thermosensitizer, promoting cell death in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, China; Research Center of Dental Esthetics and B
This study examined the pH-dependent (3, 5, and 7) regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity by cathepsin K (catK) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fluorescence assays, and human dentin slice experiments. The direct effects of catK were evaluated in the catK-active, catK-deficient, and odanacatib (ODN)-inhibited groups, whereas indirect GAG/ tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-mediated regulation was assessed in the catK-active, ODN-inhibited, and chondroitin sulfate (CS)-treated groups through dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assays, in situ zymography, and immunofluorescence staining. CatK directly activated MMP-2 (62 kDa) and MMP-9 (82 kDa) at all pH values, with no activation observed in the ODN-inhibited or catK-deficient groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Oral Implants Res
September 2025
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Introduction: Odanacatib (ODN), a cathepsin K inhibitor, is a drug that reduces bone resorption while preserving bone formation. ODN was initially developed for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, but further development as a systemic medication has been discontinued. Here, we propose ODN as a topical treatment, the coating of dental implants, to achieve an anabolic shift of early osseointegration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Inf Model
September 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre CEP 91501-970, Brazil.
Phytocystatins are proteinaceous inhibitors found in plants that competitively target various classes of cysteine proteinases, including papain-like enzymes, cathepsins, and legumains. Based on structural characteristics and gene organization, phytocystatins can be classified into four subtypes: intronless (I1 and I2), intron-containing (IwI), and multidomain cystatins containing more than one inhibitory region (II). This work presents PhyCysID, a dedicated web server designed for the rapid classification of phytocystatin subtypes.
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