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Various thymol and carvacrol derivatives have been synthesized to test the anticancer activity potential. Computational methods including network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches were utilized to identify and assess the potential biological targets relating to cancer. Amongst the synthesized derivatives the ethoxy-cyclohexyl analogues were consistently the most active against a panel of 10 different cancer cell lines covering a variety of origins. Biological target predictions revealed the AKT1 protein to be a core and central target of the most active compounds. Molecular docking identified a binding pocket within this protein in which the most active compounds bind. The incorporation of computational analysis methods and conventional structure-activity approaches identified analogues of thymol and carvacrol with the highest anticancer potential, and analyzed their possible biological targets in a comprehensive manner.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra03941f | DOI Listing |
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol
September 2025
Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Türkiye.
Background: Microglia are brain resident cells that control neural network maintenance, damage healing, and brain development. Microglia undergo apoptosis, cytokine production, and reactive free radicals of oxygen (ROS) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. TRPM2 is activated by LPS-induced oxidative stress, but it is inhibited by carvacrol (CARV) and N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of
In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of plant essential oils (EOs) from the Lamiaceae family against Agrobacterium tumefaciens to find new eco-friendly antimicrobials. Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme white) EO demonstrated the most potent fumigant antibacterial activity among these.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
September 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, China. Electronic address: z
Carvacrol (CAR) is a naturally occurring bioactive compound that is chemically unstable, and microencapsulation technology effectively protects its active components. Casein (CS) and chitosan (CH) were used for the first time as carriers to encapsulate CAR, forming highly stable carvacrol microcapsules (CAR@CS-CH). Under conditions of a 1:1 mass ratio of CS to CH and a pH of 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062, Changchun, PR China. Electronic address:
Active films displayed substantial prospects to maintain quality of tropical fruits during storage and transportation. This study developed multifunctional composite films loaded with melatonin/carvacrol nanoemulsions (MCNE) in guar gum/pullulan polysaccharide (GP) matrixes. The SEM analysis showed that MCNE was uniformly dispersed in GP film matrixes, and formed dense and continuous phase structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Biodivers
September 2025
Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the external auditory canal, predominantly caused by Candida spp. The increasing resistance of these pathogens to conventional antifungal agents requires the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches. This study was designed to assess the antifungal, anti-virulence, synergistic potential, and mechanism of action of Thymus vulgaris essential oil (EO) against Candida spp.
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