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Low back pain significantly impacts individuals' quality of life, with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) being a primary contributor to this condition. Currently, IDD treatment primarily focuses on symptom management and does not achieve a definitive cure. The cartilage endplate (CEP), a crucial nutrient-supplying tissue of the intervertebral disc, plays a pivotal role in disc degeneration. This review examines the mechanisms underlying CEP degeneration, summarizing recent advancements in understanding the structure and function of CEP, the involvement of various signaling pathways, and the roles of cartilage endplate stem cells (CESCs) and exosomes (Exos) in this process. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive reference for future research on CEP. Despite progress in understanding the role of CEP in IDD, the mechanisms underlying CEP degeneration remain incompletely elucidated. Future research poses significant challenges, necessitating further investigations to elucidate the complexities of CEP.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.4118 | DOI Listing |
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
September 2025
The Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, 406 Jiefang Southern Road, Tianjin, China.
Background: Lumbar cartilage endplate (CEP) structures show low signal intensity on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), making them hard to observe and quantify. This often results in poor correlation between conventional MRI findings and low back pain (LBP) symptoms and provides inadequate guidance for clinical decisions.
Methods: The study included Twenty-five healthy volunteers and forty-one patients with LBP.
J Mol Histol
July 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1058, Huan Zhen Bei Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) significantly contributes to back pain, impacting patients' quality of life, and the cartilaginous endplate (CEP) is crucial to the functioning of the disc in both normal and disease states. Furthermore, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the modulation of a variety of diseases, including IDD. Nonetheless, the specific involvement of circRNAs in the the intervertebral disc CEP degeneration is not yet fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunol Res
July 2025
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, No. 357, Ximen Street, Longting District, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, China.
Discogenic low back pain (DLBP) is one of the main causes of chronic low back pain, and its core pathological mechanism is due to various molecular changes caused by intervertebral disc degeneration. The normal intervertebral disc is composed of the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilaginous endplate, and has structural characteristics without blood vessels or nerves, relying on dispersed support to maintain homeostasis. During the process of degeneration, nucleus pulposus cells undergo apoptosis and cell senescence, its synthesis ability decreases, and the balance of extracellular matrix (ECM) is disrupted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue Cell
July 2025
Department of Orthopedics, RuiKang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China. Electro
It is yet unknown what causes intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a chronic inflammatory systemic illness. Lower back pain may result from the disease's primary pathogenic characteristic, which is the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). While IVDD can currently be improved by medications, there are still serious toxic side effects that require immediate attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Translat
September 2025
Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China.
Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of low back pain, with cartilaginous endplate (CEP) degeneration playing a critical role. While Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its involvement in CEP degeneration and ferroptosis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of YAP in CEP ferroptosis and its underlying mechanisms.
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