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Antarctic krill oil (AKO) is reddish-orange in color but undergoes changes during storage. To investigate the color deterioration and potential mechanisms involved, the changes in color, endogenous components (astaxanthin, fatty acids, and phospholipids), and reaction products (aldehydes, α-dicarbonyl compounds, and pyrroles) of AKO upon storage were determined. Although the visual color of AKO tended to darken upon storage, the colorimetric analysis and ultraviolet-visible spectrum analysis both indicated a fading in red and yellow due to the oxidative degradation of astaxanthin. During storage of AKO, lipid oxidation led to the formation of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and α-dicarbonyls. In addition, phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) exhibited a faster loss rate than phosphatidylcholines. Moreover, hydrophobic pyrroles, the Maillard-like reaction products associated with primary amine groups in PEs accumulated. Therefore, it is suggested that the Maillard-like reaction between PEs and carbonyl compounds formed by lipid oxidation contributed to color darkening of AKO during storage.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138583 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, TAS 7050, Australia.
Antarctic krill () is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Climate change is threatening krill populations and their predators, while current catch limits do not take into account climate variability or krill population dynamics. In 2024, CCAMLR was unable to renew its spatial catch limits, highlighting the urgent need for improved management of the krill fishery to prevent any harm to the Southern Ocean ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
August 2025
College of Food Science & Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, PR China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
Shrimp sauce is a widely used aquatic seasoning, yet remains insufficient standardization in quality and flavor profiles. This study analyzed seven traditional shrimp sauces and one Antarctic krill-derived fermentation sauce (AK), focusing on basic quality parameters and key flavor compounds. The traditional shrimp sauces contained total protein (TP) ranging from 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.168, W
Calcium-chelating peptides (CCPs) represent promising strategies for addressing calcium deficiency, yet their chelating mechanisms require further elucidation. This study identified two novel CCPs, EEDLER and IVELEEE, from Antarctic krill through enzymatic hydrolysis combined with multi-step separation and purification, exhibiting calcium-chelating capacities of 12.1 ± 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ecol Resour
August 2025
Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
Understanding diet composition is essential for unravelling trophic interactions in aquatic ecosystems. DNA metabarcoding, utilising various variable regions of the 18S rRNA gene, is increasingly employed to investigate zooplankton diet composition. However, accurate results depend on rapid inactivation of digestive enzymes and DNA nucleases through proper sample processing and preservation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
October 2025
College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Docosahexaenoic acid-containing phospholipid (PL-DHA) exhibits superior bioavailability compared to conventional DHA formulations. Derived primarily from Antarctic krill or enzymatic synthesis, PL-DHA's molecular architecture-specifically its position-dependent distribution within the glycerol backbone and polar headgroup variations-critically influences membrane dynamics. Sn-1 position DHA generates "U-shaped" configurations affecting membrane fluidity, while sn-2 position maintains "hairpin" conformations optimal for enzymatic recognition.
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