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Bionic robotics, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence, new materials, and manufacturing technologies, is attracting significant attention from research and industry communities seeking breakthroughs. One of the key technologies for achieving a breakthrough in robotics is flexible sensors. This paper presents a novel approach based on wavelength and time division multiplexing (WTDM) for distributed optical waveguide shape sensing. Structurally designed optical waveguides based on color filter blocks validate the proposed approach through a cost-effective experimental setup. During data collection, it combines optical waveguide transmission loss and the way of controlling the color and intensity of the light source and detecting color and intensity variations for modeling. An artificial neural network is employed to model and demodulate a data-driven optical waveguide shape sensor. As a result, the correlation coefficient between the predicted and real bending angles reaches 0.9134 within 100 s. To show the parsing performance of the model more intuitively, a confidence accuracy curve is introduced to describe the accuracy of the data-driven model at last.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23177334 | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Highly efficient optoelectronic devices of ultrasmall sizes are demanded as building blocks of next-generation integrated circuits, where tunable color enhances the feasibility of various applications. Here, we realize tunable multicolor nanolasers using disk-shaped axial heterostructures composed of III-nitride materials (GaN/InGaN/GaN), leveraging the optical confinement effect and active waveguiding. In heterostructure nanodisks, the development of exciton-polariton induces unique features near the resonance regime, and the formation of whispering-gallery modes facilitates optical gain processes for the polaritonic lasing of GaN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLab Chip
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Photonic crystal slow light waveguides present a breakthrough in the manipulation of optical signals and enhancing the interaction between light and matter. In particular, two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) on silicon photonic chips hold promise in improving the sensitivity of on-chip gas sensors. However, the development of the gas sensors based on 2D PCWs suffers from a high propagation loss and a narrow slow light bandwidth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanophotonics
August 2025
Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
One-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PhC) pillar cavities allow transducing mechanical pillar vibrations to the optical domain, thereby relaxing the requirements typically associated with mechanical motion detection. In this study, we integrate these geometries into a silicon-on-insulator photonics platform and explore their optical and mechanical properties. The 1D-PhC structures consist of a linear array of high aspect ratio nanopillars with nanometer-sized diameters, designed to enhance the interaction between transverse-magnetic (TM) polarized optical fields and mechanical vibrations and to minimize optical leaking to the substrate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
August 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Silicon (Si) light sources integratable with Si waveguides are highly desirable in integrated optical circuits. Here, we investigated systematically the light emission from a Si metasurface constructed with paired Si nanocuboids under the excitation of 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses. It was revealed that such a Si metasurface supports various optical resonances in the visible-to-near-infrared spectral range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
This study explores the potential of Bloch surface waves (BSWs) at the interface of a finite one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) and vacuum, exploiting spectroscopic ellipsometry in a range that encompasses the mid-infrared (4000 cm to 200 cm). BSWs can be excited in both σ and π polarizations, which in the ellipsometric configuration can be detected at the same time, presenting distinct advantages for sensor applications targeting the growth of thin solid films and molecular monolayers, surface-adsorbed gas molecules, and liquid droplets. Compared to other sensing techniques exploiting mid-infrared vibrational absorption lines for chemical-specific sensitivity, like waveguides, nano-antenna arrays, metasurfaces, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in crystals or in optical fibers, the present approach features high field enhancements, strong field confinement, and large quality factors of the resonances, all while relying on a rather simple and potentially low-cost configuration.
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