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Background: Consumer stockpiling from pharmacies has been reported by media outlets throughout the course of COVID-19.
Aim: This study evaluated pharmacists' perceptions of consumer stockpiling from pharmacies, the impact of stockpiling, aggressive or hostile behaviour from customers and preparedness for COVID-19 and future pandemics.
Method: A self-administered survey was disseminated between September and November of 2020. The survey comprised four major sections: demographic information, experiences of consumer stockpiling, impact of consumer stockpiling and preparedness for COVID-19 and future pandemics. Survey results were analysed in Microsoft Excel using descriptive statistics.
Results: Of the 56 responses analysed, most pharmacists observed consumer stockpiling of over-the-counter products (98.2%), schedule 2 and schedule 3 medications (92.8%) and prescription only medications (94.6%). The most commonly stockpiled items included face masks, hand-sanitisers and wipes, alcohol wipes and antiseptic solutions, thermometers, paracetamol and salbutamol inhalers. Patients also requested the dispensing of several months' supply of regular prescription medications. Customer aggression was observed by 53.6% of pharmacists, with 63% of pharmacists agreeing that hostile behaviour impeded their practice. Only 36.7% of pharmacists felt adequately prepared to cope with the challenges of COVID-19.
Conclusion: Consumer stockpiling from pharmacies was observed throughout COVID-19. Stockpiling as well as aggressive and hostile behaviour from customers affected pharmacists, their staff, business and other pharmacy customers. Additional studies are needed to investigate the severity of these issues and to inform policy changes to help mitigate consumer stockpiling and prepare the pharmacy profession for future pandemics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jppr.1758 | DOI Listing |
Materials (Basel)
July 2025
Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Clean & High Efficient Combustion and Utilization of Circulating Fluidized Bed, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, China.
Circulating fluidized bed fly ash (CFBFA) stockpiles release alkaline dust, high-pH leachate, and secondary CO/SO-an environmental burden that exceeds 240 Mt yr in China alone. Yet, barely 25% is recycled, because the high f-CaO/SO contents destabilize conventional cementitious products. Here, we presents a pressurized flue gas heat curing (FHC) route to bridge this scientific deficit, converting up to 85 wt% CFBFA into structural lightweight gravel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
August 2025
Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Accurate estimation of the quantity of localized construction and demolition waste (CDW) is critical for optimizing the upstream operations of the CDW's reverse supply chain (RSC). However, existing studies extensively focus on downstream RSC operations with approaches that quantify large-scale material stockpiles through semi-automated workflows relying on expensive, non-portable devices. These approaches are impractical for upstream operations such as quantifying small-scale, localized CDW stockpiles scattered around urban environments, requiring frequent estimations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag Res
April 2025
School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.
Production growth of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has led to a significant increase in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), with small EEE having the highest generation rate but the lowest formal collection rate globally. In Australia, many consumers tend to stockpile old small EEE, which limits collection rates and reduces the potential for resource recovery. This study aimed to assess consumer behaviour related to the collection of small EEE in Australia through a multivocal literature review and an online survey of 403 respondents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
October 2024
Laizhou Jiujiang Construction Engineering Co., Yantai 261400, China.
The extraction of mining resources, as well as processing processes such as ore beneficiation and smelting, generate large amounts of tailings that are difficult to directly utilize. Meanwhile, substantial filling materials are required for the voids formed after mining operations, and the environmental issues and safety hazards brought on by massive solid waste disposal cannot be ignored. By utilizing solid waste with alkaline and pozzolanic activity as the binder component and gold tailings as filler aggregate to prepare filler material to fill up the void areas, the purpose of waste treatment can be achieved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
October 2024
Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Background: Bangladesh suffered a severe COVID-19 wave from June to August 2021, which forced the government to impose emergency nationwide lockdown measures for three months with discontinuities. The sudden lockdown strongly affected the dietary preferences, financial circumstances, and social interactions of citizens.
Methods: In this comprehensive study, we collected sociodemographic information as well as data on food purchase and consumption behaviors from 1,350 adults in Bangladesh during the weeks of enforced confinement.