Vision-based volumetric estimation of localized construction and demolition waste.

Accurate estimation of the quantity of localized construction and demolition waste (CDW) is critical for optimizing the upstream operations of the CDW's reverse supply chain (RSC). However, existing studies extensively focus on downstream RSC operations with approaches that quantify large-scale material stockpiles through semi-automated workflows relying on expensive, non-portable devices. These approaches are impractical for upstream operations such as quantifying small-scale, localized CDW stockpiles scattered around urban environments, requiring frequent estimations.

Anterior Rehabilitation with Basal Implants in Cleft Cases Systematic Review.

Objective: To carefully examine the literature on anterior rehabilitation with basal implants in cleft patients, including clinical outcomes, success rates, and complications.

Methods: A PubMed search was extensive for published research. The inclusion criteria were original research studies on basal implants in anterior cleft rehabilitation, including clinical outcomes, success rates, and complications, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months.

Genome Mining of Fungal Aza-Polycyclic Natural Products Derived from Arginine-Containing Cyclodipeptides.

Arginine-containing cyclodipeptide synthases (RCDPSs) from fungi constitute a new family of tRNA-dependent enzymes that can biosynthesize cyclo-Arg-Xaa dipeptides. The incorporation of an arginine residue significantly expands the chemical space of guanidine-containing natural products. Here, we mined fungal biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) containing different RCDPS to discover aza-polycyclic natural products.

Microcrystal Electron Diffraction-Guided Discovery of Fungal Metabolites.

Nature remains a vast repository of complex and functional metabolites whose structural characterization continues to drive innovations in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. The cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) method, microcrystal electron diffraction (microED, a 3D ED technique), has emerged as a powerful tool to structurally characterize small molecules. Despite this emerging role in structural chemistry, the cost and throughput of microED have limited its application in the discovery of natural products (NPs).

Discovery of an Interlocked and Interwoven Molecular Topology in Nanocarbons via Dynamic C-C Bond Formation.

Topologically complex carbon nanostructures are an exciting but largely unexplored class of materials due to their challenging synthesis. Previous methods are low yielding because they rely on irreversible C-C bond formation, which necessitates complex templating strategies to enforce entanglement. Here, reversible zirconocene coupling of alkynes is developed as a new method to access complex molecular topologies, where dynamic C-C bond formation facilitates entanglement under thermodynamic control, allowing the use of simple precursors without the need for preassembly.

Impact of physical activity on oral health: A systematic review.

Physical activity and overall health are directly related. Physical inactivity has significant detrimental health effects over the course of a lifetime. World Health Organization (WHO) defines oral health as the absence of mouth and facial pain, oral diseases, and disorders that restrict a person's ability to bite, chew, smile, talk, and maintain their mental health.

Comparative Study of Solvatomorphs of Stryker's Reagent Using MicroED and Quantum Mechanics.

The atomic position of hydrogen atoms in metal hydrides has been a long-standing structural question in inorganic chemistry given that hydride delivery is integral to diverse chemical reactions. Microcrystal electron diffraction (microED), with it's increased sensitivity toward hydrogen atoms relative to X-ray diffraction, offers a potential path to addressing this challenge. Herein, the first microED study of Stryker's reagent is reported, resulting in the structure of a new benzene solvate.

Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Subclinical Markers of Cardiovascular Harm.

Background: Cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular harm.

Objectives: The study sought to explore the detailed relationships between smoking intensity, pack-years, and time since cessation with inflammation, thrombosis, and subclinical atherosclerosis markers of cardiovascular harm.

Methods: We included 182,364 participants (mean age 58.

Application of Digitalization in Dental Education - A Systematic Review.

The use of digital technologies in education play a crucial role in providing new and innovative forms of delivering education to teachers and students as well as broadening the learning process. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize existing evidence in order to evaluate the application of digitalization in undergraduate and postgraduate dental education. A literature review was completed using PubMed, SCOPUS and DOAJ search engines, following the search strategy using the PICO criteria, to identify English-language articles published between January 2013 and June 2023 that reported the use of digitalization in dental education.

Differential Associations of Cigar, Pipe, and Smokeless Tobacco Use Versus Combustible Cigarette Use With Subclinical Markers of Inflammation, Thrombosis, and Atherosclerosis: The Cross-Cohort Collaboration-Tobacco Working Group.

Background: Understanding the associations of tobacco product use with subclinical markers is essential in evaluating health effects to inform regulatory policy. This is particularly relevant for noncigarette products (eg, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco), which have been understudied because of their low prevalence in individual cohorts.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 98 450 participants from the Cross-Cohort Collaboration-Tobacco data set.

Risk Profile and Prognostic Implications of Premature Advanced Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Among Young to Early Middle-aged Adults: The Coronary Artery Calcium Consortium.

Introduction: Premature advanced subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among young adults is an under-recognized and unique disease phenotype that has not been well characterized.

Methods: We used data from 44,047 participants with no prior CVD history (59.8% male) from the Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Consortium.

Cigar, Pipe, and Smokeless Tobacco Use and Cardiovascular Outcomes From Cross Cohort Collaboration.

Importance: Cardiovascular health outcomes associated with noncigarette tobacco products (cigar, pipe, and smokeless tobacco) remain unclear, yet such data are required for evidence-based regulation.

Objective: To investigate the association of noncigarette tobacco products with cardiovascular health outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was conducted within the Cross Cohort Collaboration Tobacco Working Group by harmonizing tobacco-related data and conducting a pooled analysis from 15 US-based prospective cohorts with data on the use of at least 1 noncigarette tobacco product ranging between 1948 and 2015.

Use of e-cigarettes, traditional combustible cigarettes, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein: The Cross Cohort Collaboration.

This cross-sectional study included 18,797 participants from 6 longitudinal cohorts (CARDIA, FHS Gen III, HCHS/SOL, MESA, MiHeart, and REGARDS), and 5,806 of them had high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) measurements. We found that exclusive electronic cigarette (EC) use was associated with significantly lower hs-CRP levels compared to exclusive combustible cigarette use, suggesting a potentially lower inflammatory burden. hs-CRP levels in dual users and former smokers currently using EC were comparable to those observed in exclusive cigarette smokers.

Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Receiving Oral Appliance Therapy.

Background: A frequent sleep condition linked to considerable morbidity and death is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is not the only noninvasive treatment option for OSA. Another option is oral appliance therapy (OAT).

Hirshfeld atom refinement and dynamical refinement of hexagonal ice structure from electron diffraction data.

Reaching beyond the commonly used spherical atomic electron density model allows one to greatly improve the accuracy of hydrogen atom structural parameters derived from X-ray data. However, the effects of atomic asphericity are less explored for electron diffraction data. In this work, Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR), a method that uses an accurate description of electron density by quantum mechanical calculation for a system of interest, was applied for the first time to the kinematical refinement of electron diffraction data.

TAAM refinement on high-resolution experimental and simulated 3D ED/MicroED data for organic molecules.

3D electron diffraction (3D ED), or microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED), has become an alternative technique for determining the high-resolution crystal structures of compounds from sub-micron-sized crystals. Here, we considered L-alanine, α-glycine and urea, which are known to form good-quality crystals, and collected high-resolution 3D ED data on our in-house TEM instrument. In this study, we present a comparison of independent atom model (IAM) and transferable aspherical atom model (TAAM) kinematical refinement against experimental and simulated data.

The Association of Mitral Annular Calcification With Cardiovascular and Noncardiovascular Outcomes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) may be a potential marker of biologic aging. However, the association of MAC with noncardiovascular measures, including bone mineral density (BMD), incident renal failure, dementia, and noncardiovascular mortality, is not well-studied in a multiracial cohort. We used data from 6,814 participants (mean age: 62.

Association of aortic valve calcium with dementia and stroke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background And Aims: Calcific aortic valve disease is associated with increased thrombin formation, platelet activation, decreased fibrinolysis, and subclinical brain infarcts. We examined the long-term association of aortic valve calcification (AVC) with newly diagnosed dementia and incident stroke in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Methods: AVC was measured using non-contrast cardiac CT at Visit 1.

Identifying People at High Risk for Severe Aortic Stenosis: Aortic Valve Calcium Versus Lipoprotein(a) and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol.

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC), Lp(a) [lipoprotein(a)], and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are associated with severe aortic stenosis (AS). We aimed to determine which of these risk factors were most strongly associated with the risk of incident severe AS.

Methods: A total of 6792 participants from the MESA study (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) had computed tomography-quantified AVC, Lp(a), and LDL-C values at MESA visit 1 (2000-2002).

Dental Services and their Awareness and Utilization among the Health Care Workers in a South Indian District - A Cross Sectional Study.

Aim: The present research was carried out to evaluate the amount of usage of dental care opportunities and also to assess the problems faced by health care workers (HCWs) of a south Indian district in using dental services.

Methodology: This study had around 500 participants who belonged from various health care sectors who were selected with the help of multistage sampling. The data obtained from this cross-sectional research was analysed statistically using SPSS 22.

A Comparative Assessment of Dental Caries Experience in Relation to Nutritional Status among 6-12-year-old School-going Children and Those with Congenital Heart Disease in Bhubaneswar City.

Aim: To assess the dental caries experience in relation to nutritional status among 6-12- year-old school-going children and those with congenital heart disease in Bhubaneswar city.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 6-12-year-old healthy school-going children and those with congenital heart disease for a period of 6 months (October 2019-March 2020) in Bhubaneswar, India. Type III clinical examination was carried out as per American Dental Association (ADA) specifications using plane mouth mirrors and community periodontal index (CPI) probes.

Assessing knowledge, attitude, and readiness to use e-health among doctors in a tertiary health care unit in Bhubaneswar city, Odisha - A cross-sectional survey.

Background: The term ""e-health"" refers to all technological applications in the delivery of a more affordable, high-speed, and widely accessible mode of health care. It is a definite solution to managing the public's health and well-being during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, and doctors from all fields of expertise are required to be at par with it in terms of knowledge, attitude, and readiness to use it to their advantage under the current circumstances.

Materials And Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the faculty, postgraduates, and interns of the medical and dental schools of a university, which used an expert-validated self-administered questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitude, and readiness to use e-health.