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A novel approach for ultrafast and temperature-insensitive strain interrogation using a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) based Sagnac loop interferometer (SLI) and linear wavelength-to-time (WTT) mapping is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The PM-PCF incorporated in the SLI is used as the sensing element to achieve stable strain sensing with ultra-low temperature-dependence due to its intrinsic thermal insensitivity, which can be used to eliminate the cross-sensitivity effect and increase the measurement accuracy. A dispersive element is employed to realize the WTT mapping and real-time strain interrogation is obtained by converting the strain-encoded wavelength shift to time shift in the temporal domain, which can be directly monitored by a real-time oscilloscope. The proposed system offers an ultrafast interrogation speed of 100 MHz and a strain sensitivity of -0.17 ps/με.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.422772 | DOI Listing |
Acta Biomater
August 2025
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
We present a high-throughput method using standard laboratory equipment and microfluidics to produce cellular force microscopy probes with controlled size and elastic modulus. Mechanical forces play crucial roles in cell biology but quantifying these forces in physiologically relevant systems remains challenging due to the complexity of the native cell environment. Polymerized hydrogel microspheres offer great promise for interrogating the mechanics of processes inaccessible to classic force microscopy methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
August 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
There is a wealth of signals present in the human gut that mediate host-microbiota communication and intersect with the gut-brain-axis. There is differential spatial localization of the tryptophan derivatives serotonin and indole in the gut, which are important cues for enteric pathogens to find their colonization niche. Both signals are sensed by enteric pathogens such as enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and , a murine pathogen extensively employed as a surrogate animal model for EHEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging Neurosci (Camb)
May 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
The connectome, a map of the structural and/or functional connections in the brain, provides a complex representation of the neurobiological phenotypes on which it supervenes. This information-rich data modality has the potential to transform our understanding of the relationship between patterns in brain connectivity and neurological processes, disorders, and diseases. However, existing computational techniques used to analyze connectomes are often insufficient for interrogating multi-subject connectomics datasets: many current methods are either solely designed to analyze single connectomes or leverage heuristic graph statistics that are unable to capture the complete topology of multiscale connections between brain regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccurate demodulation of fiber-optic sensors is crucial for real-world engineering applications in monitoring and control. This paper presents a method that integrates neural networks with arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) for the demodulation of fiber-optic sensors based on the Vernier effect and a novel, to our knowledge, Fabry-Pérot (FP) strain sensor structure. Conventional demodulation techniques exhibit limited generalization capabilities, whereas neural networks can establish complex nonlinear mappings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
August 2025
Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States.
Nuclear receptors (NRs) play pivotal roles in functionally diverse cell signaling cascades, regulating metabolism and homeostasis. This study introduces a broadly applicable molecular imaging platform for NR activities based on four rationally designed single-chain bioluminescent probes named -. As all the ligand binding domains (LBDs) of NRs are highly conserved, the probe portfolio was exemplified using the LBD of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ-LBD), i.
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