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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialised network of blood vessels that effectively separates the brain environment from the circulatory system. While there are benefits, in terms of keeping pathogens from entering the brain, the BBB also complicates treatments of brain pathologies by preventing efficient delivery of macromolecular drugs to diseased brain tissue. Although current non-invasive strategies of therapeutics delivery into the brain, such as focused ultrasound and nanoparticle-mediated delivery have shown various levels of successes, they still come with risks and limitations. This review discusses the current approaches of therapeutic delivery into the brain, with a specific focus on non-invasive methods. It also discusses the potential for aptamers as alternative delivery systems and several reported aptamers with promising preliminary results.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277349 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8050120 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chem
September 2025
RUSA-Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Physics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar (Aurangabad), Maharashtra 431 004, India.
In this study, a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method was used to synthesize a novel gold-yttrium trimesic acid metal-organic framework (Au-Y-TMA MOF), demonstrating significant improvements over conventional single-metal MOFs, that is, yttrium trimesic acid (Y-TMA), in both supercapacitor applications and electrochemical antibiotic detection. The X-ray diffraction patterns of Au-Y-TMA confirmed the presence and impact of Au in the Y-TMA matrix, while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed a heterogeneous combination of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Y-TMA, suggesting a nonuniform distribution and possible interaction. The developed half-cell supercapacitor exhibited a remarkable capacitance value of 1836 F/g at a current density of 5 A/g by galvanostatic charging-discharging (GCD) measurement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Methods
September 2025
Henan Linker Technology Key Laboratory, College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CAIST), Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Salicylic acid (SA) is a critical phytohormone involved in plant growth, development, and defense responses, making its precise quantification essential for both agricultural management and environmental monitoring. Here, we report a novel label-free near-infrared aptasensor (NIRApt) for the rapid and sensitive detection of SA, utilizing a rationally selected triphenylmethane (TPM) dye. Through systematic screening, ethyl violet (EV) was identified as the optimal fluorophore, showing pronounced fluorescence enhancement upon binding to a SA-specific aptamer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
November 2025
HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28034, Spain. Electronic address:
Background: Currently, 39.9 million people are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and 1.3 million new infections occur annually, with over 170 circulating variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China. Electronic address:
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that can bind to specific target molecules with high affinity and specificity. Fluorescence DNA aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have emerged as powerful analytical tools for detecting diverse targets, ranging from food contaminants to disease biomarkers, owing to their exceptional specificity, high sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the design strategies of fluorescence aptasensors, focusing on three key approaches: (1) fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based signal amplification, (2) nanomaterial-enhanced probes, and (3) multi-channel platforms for simultaneous detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
August 2025
Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Haryana, 122413, India. Electronic address:
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's disease, are associated with significant declines in cognitive function and mobility. The accumulation of misfolded proteins such as β-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein, and polyglutamates is a key factor in the progression of these conditions. Unfortunately, traditional small-molecule drugs face major obstacles in effectively targeting these proteins.
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