One-Pot Synthesis of a Bismuth Selenide Hexagon Nanodish Complex for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Combined Antitumor Phototherapy.

For integrating therapy and diagnosis into a single nanoparticle for higher antitumor efficiency and lower toxicity, our group designed a smart theranostic nanoplatform based on a hyaluronic acid-doped polypyrrole-coated bismuth selenide loading with a zinc phthalocyanine nanodish complex (BiSe@HA-doped PPy/ZnPc) for multimodal imaging-guided combined phototherapy. Moreover, we expect that the HA-doped PPy smart shell for the surface functionalization will also be applied to a variety of 2D nanomaterials sharing a similar structure with BiSe to broaden their applications in biomedicine. The BiSe hexagon nanodish was synthesized via a simple and safe solution-based method compared to the commonly adopted ones. A one-pot synthesis of the naoncomplex was carried out by adding HA during the polypyrrole coating on the BiSe process, and then it was further loaded with ZnPc. Besides the good ability for infrared thermal, photoacoustic, fluorescence, and X-ray computed tomography imaging, the nanodish complex has its own high photoheat conversion efficiency for photothermal therapy, and it has remarkable optical absorption of the coefficient for photodynamic therapy. With the EPR effect of nanoparticles and the CD44-targeted effect of HA, the tumor-growth inhibition ratio of BiSe@HA-doped PPy/ZnPc for PTT/PDT was as high as 96.4%, compared with that of the PTT (68.0%) or PDT (24.3%) alone, showing an excellent combined therapeutic effect. Moreover, no obvious toxicity in vivo was caused by the nanoparticles. Thus, such a BiSe@HA-doped PPy/ZnPc nanodish complex has promise for real-time monitoring and precise, high-efficiency antitumor treatment.