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In this paper, a three-layered chiral metamaterial is proposed to achieve broad dual-band and high magnitude asymmetric transmission (AT) in near-infrared communication band for circularly polarized waves. The asymmetric parameter reaches to 0.9/0.86 at 174/235 THz, over 0.6 in broad dual bands from 160 to 183 THz and from 220 to 245 THz. Remarkably, the AT effect of circularly and linearly polarized waves can be modulated to appear or vanish with variants of the G shapes that has not been found in previous reports. The proposed structure shows great potential applications in high performance multi-band circular and linear polarizers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.011329 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
August 2025
Durham University, Department of Physics, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
The unabating discovery of nanoskyrmions in centrosymmetric magnets challenges the conventional Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) skyrmion stabilization mechanism. We investigate Gd_{2}PdSi_{3} using polarized resonant x-ray scattering and find that the low-field incommensurate modulations are elliptical helices, evolving into spin-density waves at higher fields. Quasi-2D magnetism arises via local DM interactions generated by inversion symmetry breaking around Gd-Gd bonds, which we characterize using atomistic simulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiogeochemistry
September 2025
Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236 Sweden.
Unlabelled: Ocean surface gravity waves facilitate gas exchanges primarily in two ways: (1) the formation of bubbles during wave breaking increases the surface area available for gas exchange, promoting CO transfer, and (2) wave-current interaction processes alter the sea surface partial pressure of CO and gas solubility, consequently affecting the CO flux. This study tests these influences using a global ocean-ice-biogeochemistry model under preindustrial conditions. The simulation results indicate that both wave-current interaction processes and the sea-state-dependent gas transfer scheme-which explicitly accounts for bubble-mediated gas transfer velocity-influence the air-sea CO flux, with substantial spatial and seasonal variations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
This study explores the potential of Bloch surface waves (BSWs) at the interface of a finite one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) and vacuum, exploiting spectroscopic ellipsometry in a range that encompasses the mid-infrared (4000 cm to 200 cm). BSWs can be excited in both σ and π polarizations, which in the ellipsometric configuration can be detected at the same time, presenting distinct advantages for sensor applications targeting the growth of thin solid films and molecular monolayers, surface-adsorbed gas molecules, and liquid droplets. Compared to other sensing techniques exploiting mid-infrared vibrational absorption lines for chemical-specific sensitivity, like waveguides, nano-antenna arrays, metasurfaces, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in crystals or in optical fibers, the present approach features high field enhancements, strong field confinement, and large quality factors of the resonances, all while relying on a rather simple and potentially low-cost configuration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.
In solids, the crystal field couples the electronic orbital degree of freedom to the lattice. This coupling suggests that an excitation of lattice dynamics could trigger the dynamics of orbital angular momentum of electrons, thereby generating orbital currents-a flow of electronic orbital angular momentum. However, the interplay between orbital currents and lattice dynamics has been elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrason Sonochem
September 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, China. Electronic address:
This work studied three physical modifications, including ultrasound (US), ball-milling (BM), and cold plasma (CP) on Flammulina velutipes soluble dietary fibres (FV-SDF) regarding the structural and functional properties. Interestingly, BM was indicated to cause the most changes in SDF molecular structures among three modifications, refining surface morphology, significantly decreasing molecular weight, and exposing polar functional groups. This contributed to the greatly modified solubility and decreased viscosity of FV-SDF treated by BM that exerted a strong shear force onto SDF.
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