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Measles virus RNA genomes are packaged into helical nucleocapsids (NCs), comprising thousands of nucleo-proteins (N) that bind the entire genome. N-RNA provides the template for replication and transcription by the viral polymerase and is a promising target for viral inhibition. Elucidation of mechanisms regulating this process has been severely hampered by the inability to controllably assemble NCs. Here, we demonstrate self-organization of N into NC-like particles in vitro upon addition of RNA, providing a simple and versatile tool for investigating assembly. Real-time NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy reveals biphasic assembly kinetics. Remarkably, assembly depends strongly on the RNA-sequence, with the genomic 5' end and poly-Adenine sequences assembling efficiently, while sequences such as poly-Uracil are incompetent for NC formation. This observation has important consequences for understanding the assembly process.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201602619 | DOI Listing |
Curr Opin Urol
September 2025
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Purpose Of Review: Nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients with BCG-unresponsive disease have limited treatment options beyond radical cystectomy. With ongoing BCG shortages and the urgent need for bladder-preserving alternatives, this review examines the emerging role of oncolytic virus therapy as a novel intravesical treatment approach for this challenging patient population.
Recent Findings: Multiple oncolytic viral platforms have entered clinical trials for NMIBC treatment, demonstrating promising efficacy and safety profiles.
PLoS Pathog
September 2025
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
SUMO-modified Tripartite Motif Protein 28 (TRIM28; KAP1) plays a crucial role in repressing endogenous retroelement (ERE) transcription. We previously provided evidence that loss of SUMO-modified TRIM28 triggered by influenza A virus (IAV) infection promotes activation of host antiviral immunity via a mechanism involving derepression of EREs and production of immunostimulatory RNAs. While the IAV NS1 protein might limit consequences of such activation via its dsRNA-binding activity, we hypothesized that other human pathogenic viruses could have evolved more direct strategies to counteract this potential ERE-based defense system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Vaccin Immunother
December 2025
Department of Planned Immunization, Chaoyang District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease. Following Beijing's implementation of a three-dose MMR vaccination strategy, incidence rates declined significantly. However, the current 21-d quarantine period lacks evidence-based support, resulting in low compliance and conflicts between healthcare providers and patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (Hangzhou Health Supervision Institution), Hangzhou 310021, China.
To dynamically monitor the changes in measles antibody levels in children with tumors pre-and post-chemotherapy, and to evaluate the necessity of revaccination with measles-containing vaccines post-chemotherapy A prospective cohort study was conducted. Children with tumors under 15 years old who were hospitalized in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were included as the case group; healthy children of the same age from the community during the same period were included as the control group. Blood samples were collected from the case group before chemotherapy and at 1 month and 6 months after chemotherapy, as well as from the control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2025
Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Objective: This study evaluated trends in population immunity against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in Suqian City (2005-2024) using serological surveys (2019-2024) and incidence data, incorporating participants with known/unknown vaccination statuses to explore immunity dynamics amid evolving policies, and inform public health planning.
Methods: Serum samples from 541 (2019) and 506 (2024) healthy participants were analyzed for virus-specific IgG antibodies using ELISA. Disease incidence data were obtained from China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting System.