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In this work, we present a method for the design of gradient index devices for elastic waves in plates. The method allows the design of devices to control the three fundamental modes, despite the fact that their dispersion relation is managed by different elastic constants. It is shown that by means of complex graded phononic crystals and thickness variations it is possible to independently design the three refractive indexes of these waves, allowing therefore their simultaneous control. The effective medium theory required for this purpose is presented, and the method is applied to the design of the Luneburg and Maxwell lenses as well as to the design of a flat gradient index lens. Finally, numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the performance of the method in a broadband frequency region.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep24437 | DOI Listing |
Childs Nerv Syst
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Children's of Alabama, 1600 7TH Avenue South, Lowder 400, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
Purpose: Diagnostic cerebral venograms are the gold standard for evaluating cerebral venous sinus stenosis (CVSS). Venous sinus stenting (VSS) and less commonly venous sinus angioplasty are emerging endovascular treatments in pediatric patients. This study examines the baseline intracranial venous pressures and postoperative endovascular outcomes in pediatric patients with CVSS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMagn Reson Chem
September 2025
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
We reveal contrasting behaviors in molecular motion between the two materials, including the identification of resonance-enhanced dynamic features in elastomers. We present a depth-resolved analysis of molecular dynamics in semicrystalline polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fully amorphous fluorinated elastomer (SIFEL) films using static-gradient solid-state F NMR imaging. By measuring spin-lattice relaxation rates ( ) at multiple frequencies and evaluating the corresponding spectral density functions, we reveal distinct dynamic behaviors between the two materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
The high sensitivity and wide linearity are crucial for flexible tactile sensors in adapting to diverse application scenarios with high accuracy and reliability. However, conventional optimization strategies of constructing microstructures suffer from the mutual restriction between the high sensitivity and wide linearity. Herein, a novel design of localized gradient conductivity (LGC) with partly covered low-conductivity (low-σ) carbon/Polydimethylsiloxane layer on high-conductivity (high-σ) silver nanowires film upon the micro-dome structure is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2025
Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
The research and implementation of portable and low-cost analytical devices that possess high reproducibility and ease of operation is still a challenging task, and a growing field of importance, within the analytical research. Herein, we report the concept, design and optimization of a microfluidic device based on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection that can be potentially operated without electricity for analytical purposes. The device functions exploiting the concept of streaming potential-driven bipolar electrochemistry, where a potential difference, generated from the flow of an electrolyte through a microchannel under the influence of a pressure gradient, is the driving force for redox reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Airborne pathogens and pollution control typically necessitate multiple membranes, each specializing in efficient aerosol filtration, moisture regulation, or antimicrobial protection. Integrating all these functions into a single membrane is highly advantageous but remains inherently challenging due to material incompatibility and inevitable performance trade-offs. Here, we present a photoactive Janus nanofibrous membrane for highly efficient air purification, engineered via sequential electrospinning.
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