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In vitro systems of cellular reprogramming [induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and direct reprogramming or transdifferentiation] are rapidly improving our repertoire of molecular techniques that can force cells in culture to change into a desired identity. However, the new frontier for regenerative medicine is in vivo cellular reprogramming, which in light of concerns about the safety of in vitro cell manipulations, is an increasingly attractive approach for regenerative medicine. Powerful in vivo approaches are currently being undertaken in the genetic model Caenorhabditis elegans. Several very distinct cell types have been induced to change or have been discovered to transform naturally, into altogether different cell types. These examples have improved our understanding of the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms that permit cell identity changes in live animals. In addition, the combination of a stereotyped lineage with single cell analyses allows dissection of the early and intermediate mechanisms of reprogramming, as well as their kinetics. As a result, several important concepts on in vivo cellular reprogramming have been recently developed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wdev.7 | DOI Listing |
Curr Opin Virol
September 2025
Infection Biology, Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address:
Intracranial calcifications (ICCs) are a characteristic neuropathological feature of several congenital viral infections, including Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). These lesions are linked to severe neurodevelopmental outcomes, such as microcephaly, epilepsy, and cognitive deficits, yet the mechanisms underlying their formation and resolution remain unclear. ICCs are thought to arise from an imbalance in osteogenic and osteolytic signaling in the developing brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
September 2025
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency (ADSLd) is a rare autosomal recessive purine metabolism disorder with several clinical manifestations. While toxic substrate accumulation is a known hallmark, no additional molecular mechanisms have been established. Here, we show that ADSLd is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including increased fragmentation, impaired respiration, and reduced ATP production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Genet
August 2025
National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that drive uncontrolled cellular proliferation and survival. This review provides a comprehensive overview of key cancer driver genes, including oncogenes such as KRAS and PIK3CA, as well as tumor suppressor genes like TP53, PTEN, and CDKN2A, highlighting their molecular mechanisms and roles across various types of cancer. Leveraging insights from large-scale cancer genome initiatives and whole-genome sequencing, we examine the landscape of somatic mutations and their association with hallmark cancer pathways, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Oncol Hematol
September 2025
School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000 Henan Province, China. Electronic address:
Cancer remains the foremost cause of mortality globally, characterized by un-controlled cellular proliferation driven by oncogenic mutations and other factors. These mutations disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to a spectrum of adverse physiological responses. A key feature of cellular metabolism in cancer is the Warburg effect, in which cancer cells preferentially rely on glycolysis for ATP production, even in the presence of oxygen, to meet their elevated metabolic demands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. Electronic address:
The increasing use of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) has raised concerns related to their environmental accumulation and the associated ecological risks. Understanding the key biomolecular responses of TiO₂ NP-tolerant organisms like Physarum flavicomum GD217 is essential for combating the pollution of and exposure to these NPs. In this study, we employed multi-omics approaches combined with molecular biology techniques to investigate the stress responses of GD217 to mixed-phase TiO₂ NPs (M-TiO₂ NPs).
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