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Sobemoviruses possess a viral genome-linked protein (VPg) attached to the 5' end of viral RNA. VPg is processed from the viral polyprotein. In the current study, Cocksfoot mottle virus (CfMV) and Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) VPgs were purified from virions and analysed by mass spectrometry. The cleavage sites in the polyprotein and thereof the termini of VPg were experimentally proven. The lengths of the mature VPgs were determined to be 78 and 79 aa residues, respectively. The amino acid residues covalently linked to RNA in the two VPgs were, surprisingly, not conserved; it is a tyrosine at position 5 of CfMV VPg and serine at position 1 of RYMV VPg. Phosphorylations were identified in CfMV and RYMV VPgs with two positionally similar locations T20/S14 and S71/S72, respectively. RYMV VPg contains an additional phosphorylation site at S41.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.026476-0 | DOI Listing |
Mol Plant Pathol
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Superinfection exclusion (SIE) is a finely tuned virus-virus interaction mechanism closely linked to the viral infection cycle. However, the mechanistic basis of SIE remains incompletely understood in plant viruses, particularly among negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. In this study, we first describe the development of an efficient reverse genetics system for the plant nucleorhabdovirus Physostegia chlorotic mottle virus (PhCMoV) by codon optimisation of the large polymerase coding sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
September 2025
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China; China-Mozambique "Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Smart Agriculture, Jinhua, 321004, China. Electronic address:
Salicylic acid (SA), a phenolic-derived secondary metabolite, serves as a critical signaling molecule in plant defense mechanisms. Contemporary phytochemical studies have identified two distinct biosynthetic pathways for SA production in plants: the isochorismate synthase (ICS)-mediated pathway and the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)-dependent pathway. However, the enzymes participating in SA biosynthesis in soybean remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Pathol
September 2025
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
The co-infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) causes maize lethal necrosis (MLN), which seriously affects the yield and quality of maize. Ubiquitination is one of the most important protein post-translational modifications. However, the role of ubiquitination modification in regulating maize resistance to viral infection remains largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
August 2025
College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.
Background: Plant defensins (PDF) represent a crucial superfamily of innate immune proteins that exhibit antifungal and antibacterial activities, significantly contributing to biotic stress. Despite being significant horticultural and economic crops, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of Cucurbitaceae plant defensin genes (CuPDF) remains unreported.
Results: In this study, 19 CuPDF family members homologous to Arabidopsis PDF were predicted in four Cucurbitaceae and validated based on the presence of conserved PDF-related domains.
Sci Adv
August 2025
Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Menkes disease is an X-linked recessive condition characterized by seizures, failure to thrive, and rapid, progressive neurodegeneration beginning within weeks after birth. Death usually occurs by 3 years of age. The disorder is caused by genetic variants in , an evolutionarily conserved copper transporter that is crucial for normal brain development.
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