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This paper explains the phenomena which occur in commercially available laboratory microwave equipment, and highlights several situations where experimental observations are often misinterpreted as a 'microwave effect'. Electromagnetic simulations and heating experiments were used to show the quantitative effects of solvent type, solvent volume, vessel material, vessel internals and stirring rate on the distribution of the electric field, the power density and the rate of heating. The simulations and experiments show how significant temperature gradients can exist within the heated materials, and that very different results can be obtained depending on the method used to measure temperature. The overall energy balance is shown for a number of different solvents, and the interpretation and implications of using the results from commercially available microwave equipment are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b922797k | DOI Listing |
Int J Hyperthermia
December 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Objective: To develop a deep learning method for fast and accurate prediction of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distributions in the human head to support real-time hyperthermia treatment planning (HTP) of brain cancer patients.
Approach: We propose an encoder-decoder neural network with cross-attention blocks to predict SAR maps from brain electrical properties, tumor 3D isocenter coordinates and microwave antenna phase settings. A dataset of 201 simulations was generated using finite-element modeling by varying tissue properties, tumor positions, and antenna phases within a human head model equipped with a three-ring phased-array applicator.
Nat Commun
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Modern reconnaissance technologies, including hyperspectral and multispectral intensity imaging across optical, thermal infrared, terahertz, and microwave bands, can detect the shape, material composition, and temperature of targets. Consequently, developing a camouflage technique that seamlessly integrates both spatial and spectral dimensions across all key atmospheric windows to outsmart advanced surveillance has yet to be effectively developed and remains a significant challenge. In this study, we propose a digital camouflage strategy that covers the optical (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Quantum Chips and Quantum Control, State Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Chiral coupling offers alternative avenues for controlling and exploiting light-matter interactions. We demonstrate that chiral coupling can be utilized to achieve unidirectional perfect absorption. In our experiments, chiral magnon-photon coupling is realized by coupling the magnon modes in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres with spin-momentum-locked waveguide modes supported by spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
In multi-user wireless communication scenarios, signal degradation caused by channel fading and co-channel interference restricts system capacity, while traditional enhancement schemes face challenges of high coordination complexity and hardware integration. This paper proposes an electromagnetic focusing method using a single-layer transmissive passive metasurface. A high-efficiency metasurface array is fabricated based on PCB technology, which utilizes subwavelength units for wide-range phase modulation to construct a multi-user energy convergence model in the WiFi band.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
August 2025
Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
One of the keys to medical microwave tomography is understanding the sensitivity of transmit-receive signals to changes in the electromagnetic properties to be reconstructed. This information is embedded in the Jacobian matrix for traditional inverse problem approaches and is a function of transmitter-receiver design characteristics and associated signal radiation/detection patterns. Previous efforts focused primarily on the 2D imaging problem for which sensitivity maps were generated in a single plane.
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