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A priori information about the location of the target talker plays a critical'role in cocktailparty listening tasks, but little is known about the influence of imperfect spatial information in situations in which the listener has some knowledge about the location of the target speech but does not know its exact location prior to hearing the stimulus. In this study, spatial uncertainty was varied by adjusting the probability that the target talker in a multitalker stimulus would change locations at the end of each trial. The results show that listeners can adapt their strategies according to the statistical properties of a dynamic acoustic environment but that this adaptation is a relatively slow process that may require dozens of trials to complete.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03194455 | DOI Listing |
Pharm Res
September 2025
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 W First St, Rm 211, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
Objective: A fundamental understanding of drug diffusion and binding processes is critical for the design and optimization of a wide variety of drug delivery devices. Most of the past literature assume binding to occur uniformly throughout the tissue, or, at best, in specific layers of a multilayer tissue. However, in many realistic scenarios, such as in cancer-targeting drugs, drug binding occurs in discrete irregularly shaped regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogene
September 2025
Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Cholesterol biosynthesis is more activated in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) than in other subtype breast cancer and plays essential role in facilitating TNBC. However, the regulatory network and how cholesterol biosynthesis contribute to TNBC development and progression are not well elucidated. Here, we found that reticulum membrane protein complex 2 (EMC2) is highly expressed in TNBC and predicts short survival of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi
September 2025
Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
Objectives: Same-level falls are the most frequent type of occupational accidents in Japan, and approximately 35% of these accidents occurred among healthcare and retail workers. The aim of this study was to analyze the status of same-level falls in the healthcare and retail industries, where many such incidents occur, with a focus on outdoor same-level falls and to elucidate their characteristics.
Methods: This study targeted occupational accidents due to same-level falls that resulted in four or more days of absence from work among healthcare and retail workers, based on data from the 2021 Occupational Injury Database.
J Immunother Cancer
September 2025
Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Background: Tumor heterogeneity and antigen escape are mechanisms of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, especially in solid tumors. Targeting multiple antigens with a unique CAR construct could be a strategy for a better tumor control than monospecific CAR-T cells on heterogeneous models. To overcome tumor heterogeneity, we targeted mesothelin (meso) and Mucin 16 (MUC16), two antigens commonly expressed in solid tumors, using a tandem CAR design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Safety Res
September 2025
Center for Injury Research and Policy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, USA.
Background: Graduated Driver's Licensing (GDL) policies create an intermediate licensure phase for young novice drivers, and previous studies suggested that they reduce teen motor- vehicle crashes (MVCs). Multiple studies have shown that the effects of GDL laws vary in association with demographic factors and location, motivating estimation of sub-state policy effects. The present study estimates county-level effects of Ohio's 2007 enhanced GDL law on MVCs among 16-17-year-olds.
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