Continuous Biochemical Profiling of the Gastrointestinal Tract Using an Integrated Smart Capsule.

The gastrointestinal tract contains a wealth of chemical information that can be used to decipher the health of the digestive and nervous systems. Traditional methods of analysis, such as fecal analysis and biopsies, are invasive, costly, and incapable of providing real-time metabolic and hormone profiling across the gastrointestinal tract. Commercial ingestible capsule sensors have been developed, but only monitor basic markers, such as pH and pressure, neglecting detailed chemical analysis.

Longitudinal assessment of maternal echocardiographic changes in singleton versus twin pregnancies and their association with preeclampsia risk.

This study aimed to longitudinally assess maternal echocardiographic adaptations in singleton versus twin pregnancies and to evaluate their association with the development of preeclampsia (PE). We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study involving 140 twin and 140 singleton pregnancies. Serial transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) examinations were conducted at four predefined gestational intervals: (1) 6-13 weeks, (2) 20-27 weeks, (3) 28-36 weeks, and (4) 6 weeks postpartum.

Randomized controlled trial of a natural whole food diet versus habitual diet for Crohn's disease: Is diet quality the key?

Background & Aims: Diets can help induce remission in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, given inconsistent recommendations across purportedly beneficial anti-inflammatory diets and prior studies highlighting benefits of plant-based diet patterns, we hypothesized that the benefit of diet therapy stems from the overall "healthfulness" of diet patterns.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, adults with mild-to-moderate CD were assigned to receive guidance on a natural whole food diet that comprised principles of a healthful diet versus continuation of one's habitual diet.

A bioinspired microfluidic wearable sensor for multiday sweat sampling, transport, and metabolic analysis.

Wearable sweat sensors enable noninvasive real-time biochemical monitoring, holding immense potential for personalized health care applications. However, achieving prolonged and reliable sweat sampling, along with stable biochemical analysis, remains challenging due to inconsistent secretion, rapid evaporation, and the reliance on external stimulation. Here, we present BMS, a bioinspired microfluidic wearable sweat sensor system designed for multiday continuous metabolic monitoring.

Rigid-Flexible Synergistic Buffer Layer Design in Mn/Co Bimetallic MOF-Derived Core-Shell Silicon-Based Anodes for Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance.

Silicon-based anode materials emerge as pivotal candidates for next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries owing to their ultrahigh theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g ). Nevertheless, their practical application faces substantial challenges from rapid capacity fading caused by severe volume expansion (>300%). Herein, an in situ solvothermal strategy is proposed to grow Mn/Co bimetallic MOF (MC-BTC) precursors on silicon nanoparticles, which is then transformed into carbon/MnO/CoO composite buffer layers through controlled pyrolysis.

Machine-Vision-Driven Microarray Passive Temperature Sensor Inspired by Insect Compound Eyes for Wide-Range and High-Precision Surface Mapping.

Real-time, accurate, and passive temperature monitoring is critical for industrial and scientific applications. However, conventional temperature sensors often require external power, rely on complex instrumentation, and may perturb the thermal field, compromising measurement accuracy in passive sensing scenarios. Although thermochromic materials offer visual and passive temperature feedback, their utility is limited by narrow sensitivity ranges and subjective interpretation.

Impact of a 12-Week Hypocaloric Weight Loss Diet with Mixed Tree Nuts vs. Pretzels on Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Overweight Adults.

Unlabelled: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiome metabolite linked to cardiovascular health, can be influenced by dietary factors like choline intake and diet quality. This study compared the effects of mixed tree nuts (MTNs) and pretzels, as part of a 12-week hypocaloric weight loss diet, on TMAO levels and identified dietary predictors.

Methods: Plasma samples from 95 overweight individuals consuming either 1.

The Role of Precision Nutrition in Kidney Disease.

Precision nutrition uses an individualized approach in which dietary interventions are tailored according to patients' genetic, biologic, and environmental factors. There are various nutritional guidelines specific to patients with CKD, and while rigorous, they provide generalized recommendations that may not fully address the unique nutritional needs of individual patients. For example, while guidelines endorse prescription of low-protein diets among people with metabolically stable stages 3-5 non-dialysis-dependent CKD to reduce kidney disease progression, these recommendations do not fully account for the genetic, metabolic, or physiologic factors that affect how different patients respond to specific dietary interventions.

V1 superficial layers create a saliency map that feeds forward to the parietal cortex for attentional guidance.

A salient visual object with a distinct feature from the surrounding environment automatically captures attention. While the saliency signals have been found in many brain regions, their source remains highly controversial. Here, we investigated the neural origin of visual saliency using cortical layer-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of cerebral blood volume (CBV) at 7 Tesla.

BCAA catabolism targeted therapy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major unmet medical need with limited effective treatments. A significant contributing factor to HFpEF, a multifactorial disease, is underlying metabolic dysfunction. While much of the prior research has been on glucose and fatty acid metabolic defects in the pathogenesis of HFpEF, other metabolic activities remain under investigated.

Pre conception dyslipidemia and risk for preeclampsia in women undergoing IVF ET.

This study investigated the relationship between dyslipidemia prior to conception and the risk of preeclampsia (PE) in women pregnant by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The retrospective cohort study consisted of 2994 women who conceived by IVF-ET and delivered live neonates. The study population was divided into two components: a training set for the prediction model development (2288 women) and a test set for validation (706 women).

The difference in patient-centered medical experiences between public fertility care and private fertility care in China: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Background: High-quality fertility care should be effective and safe but also patient-centered. We analyzed the difference in the patient-centered medical experiences between public and private fertility care in China, aiming to provide data support and a decision-making basis for optimizing the allocation of reproductive health care resources, and improving patient experience and compliance.

Methods: In this study, a multicenter cross sectional study was distributed among 1900 infertile Chinese patients at 10 reproductive medicine centres from July 2021 to April 2022.

Testing the top-down feedback in the central visual field using the reversed depth illusion.

In a new framework to understand vision, an information bottleneck impoverishes visual input information downstream of the primary visual cortex along the visual pathway; to aid ongoing visual recognition given the bottleneck, feedback from downstream to upstream visual stages queries for additional information. According to the central-peripheral dichotomy theory, this feedback is primarily directed to the central, rather than the peripheral, visual field. Counterintuitively, this theory predicts illusions visible only in the peripheral visual field, which lacks the feedback query to veto the illusions arising from misleading and impoverished feedforward signals.

Reframing Micronutrient Deficiencies for Modern times: A Review.

Micronutrient deficiencies are often discounted in as an entity of the past when access to quality nutrition was scarce. However modern-day conditions such as hemodialysis, complex medication interactions, parenteral nutrition, gastrointestinal resections, institutional living, and substance use can place patients at risk. The metabolic demands of critical illness during prolonged hospitalization may provide added stressors.

Pancreatic atrophy after gastric cancer surgery: influencing factors and effects on BMI and quality of life.

Background: Pancreatic atrophy can occur after gastric cancer surgery, but the influencing factors and effects of pancreatic atrophy have not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors of pancreatic atrophy after gastric cancer surgery and to assess the effect of atrophy on BMI and quality of life, in order to promote postoperative management of patients with higher risk factors of pancreatic atrophy.

Methods: Clinical data pertaining to 142 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were retrospectively collected, and pancreatic volume was determined using abdominal computed tomography data.

Impact of distal or pylorus preserving gastrectomy on postoperative quality of life in T1 stage middle third gastric cancer patients.

Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) and distal gastrectomy (DG) are widely utilized surgical approaches for the treatment of gastric cancer. In this study, we employed questionnaire surveys and follow-up assessments to examine the effects of these surgical procedures on postoperative quality of life and pancreatic exocrine function in patients with stage T1 middle-third gastric cancer. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical and follow-up data from 63 gastric cancer patients who underwent distal gastrectomy and 21 who underwent pylorus-preserving gastrectomy at Nanjing University Drum Tower Hospital between January 2019 and January 2023.

Effect of Daily Avocado Intake on Cardiovascular Health Assessed by Life's Essential 8: An Ancillary Study of HAT, a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The effect of single food-based dietary interventions on the American Heart Association's cardiovascular health score, Life's Essential 8 (LE8), is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of daily avocado intake for 26 weeks on LE8 in adults with abdominal obesity.

Methods And Results: An ancillary analysis including participants (n=969; aged 51±14 years) from the HAT (Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial), a randomized controlled trial, was conducted.

Printable molecule-selective core-shell nanoparticles for wearable and implantable sensing.

Wearable and implantable biosensors are pioneering new frontiers in precision medicine by enabling continuous biomolecule analysis for fundamental investigation and personalized health monitoring. However, their widespread adoption remains impeded by challenges such as the limited number of detectable targets, operational instability and production scalability. Here, to address these issues, we introduce printable core-shell nanoparticles with built-in dual functionality: a molecularly imprinted polymer shell for customizable target recognition, and a nickel hexacyanoferrate core for stable electrochemical transduction.

Adherence and Body Weight with Daily Avocado Consumption Among Latina Women of the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT).

The aim of this study was to examine the adherence, changes in weight, and, waist circumference associated with the daily consumption of a culturally preferred food, namely an avocado, among Hispanic/Latina females in the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT). HAT was a multisite, randomized controlled trial conducted between 2018 and 2020. Participants in the Avocado-Supplemented Diet Group were provided with and instructed to consume one avocado/day (~2.

Machine Learning-based Prediction of Mortality Among Malnourished Patients Hospitalized With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Malnourished patients hospitalized with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification can help identify patients who are most in need of medical and nutritional intervention.

Goal: This study aimed to develop a machine-learning model that accurately predicts mortality in hospitalized IBD patients with protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM).

Huaier inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by regulating the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract, often accompanied by a high risk of recurrence and drug resistance. Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr), a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, has demonstrated potent anticancer properties and is widely used as an adjuvant treatment for liver, breast, gastric, colon, and non-small cell lung cancers. However, its effects and molecular mechanisms in GIST remain unclear.

Hypertension Management in Women With a Multidisciplinary Approach.

Current clinical practice guidelines were established by several organizations to guide the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in men and women in a similar manner despite data demonstrating differences in underlying mechanisms. Few publications have provided a contemporary and comprehensive review focused on characteristics of hypertension that are unique to women across their life spectrum. We performed a computerized search using PubMed, OVID, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases between 1995 and 2023 that highlighted relevant clinical studies, challenges to the management of hypertension in women, and multidisciplinary approaches to hypertension control in women, including issues unique to racial and ethnic minority groups.

Behaviors and attitudes towards mobile learning during course work and scientific research among dental, medical and non-medical undergraduates: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mobile learning is a valuable supplement to traditional education methods, but the current research on mobile learning is still insufficient. This study aimed to assess dental undergraduates' behaviors and attitudes towards mobile learning during course work and scientific research and to compare these findings to those of medical and non-medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduates at Sichuan University, China.