BUB1B promotes homologous recombination‑mediated DNA damage repair in breast cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Radioresistance is a major obstacle to effective radiotherapy in breast cancer. BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) is involved in numerous biological processes associated with cancer; however, its specific role in mediating radioresistance in breast cancer remains poorly characterized. The present study first evaluated its expression profile and association with patient prognosis through bioinformatics analysis.

Protective effect of exercise on metabolic dysfunction‑associated fatty liver disease: Potential epigenetic mechanisms (Review).

Metabolic dysfunction‑associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and poses a major health burden that is closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. While extensive research has elucidated key molecular drivers, no pharmacological therapies have been approved. Emerging evidence highlights the transformative role of physical exercise as a potent nonpharmacological intervention capable of inducing durable metabolic improvements.

Two case reports of breast cancer combined with synchronous primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma/mixed liver cancer.

Rationale: This case report discusses multiple primary malignant tumors, which refer to the occurrence of 2 or more different histological types of malignant tumors simultaneously or successively in the same individual.

Patient Concerns: We present 2 female patients who were admitted to the hospital due to a "left breast mass" and were found to have multiple solid masses in the liver upon imaging.

Diagnoses: Postoperative pathology revealed that one patient had breast invasive ductal carcinoma was complicated with primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and mixed hepatocellular carcinoma with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Comparing the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) enrollment data death dates to the National Death Index (NDI).

Purpose: In the United States, the National Death Index (NDI) is the most complete source of death information, while epidemiologic studies with mortality outcomes often rely on U.S. Medicare data for outcome ascertainment.

Case Report: Colon malignant tumor caused by retroperitoneal small round cell undifferentiated sarcoma.

Small round cell undifferentiated sarcoma is a rare and highly invasive group of malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, often associated with a high misdiagnosis rate. The patient in this case was a 34-year-old male who presented with a two-month history of abdominal pain that worsened over the past two weeks. Elevated levels of tumor markers CA19-9 and CA72-4 were observed.

Promotion of Catalytic Oxygen Reduction Reactions: The Utility of Proton Management Substituents on Cobalt Porphyrins.

Three ABAB-type cobalt -tetraarylporphyrins with fluorine (), acetic acid (), and cyanoacetic acid () groups at the -positions of phenyl rings at the 10,20-positions are synthesized and evaluated as catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs). In density functional theory calculations, the frontier molecular orbitals of these complexes were found to be stabilized relative to model complexes with electron-withdrawing atoms or moieties on the -aryl rings. Electrochemical measurements suggest that electrodes with ( exhibit the most positive ORR potential values and the highest limiting current density in both acidic and alkali electrolytes, while the electrocatalyst exhibits extremely low ORR performance.

Mortality Among Parkinson's Disease Patients Treated With Pimavanserin or Atypical Antipsychotics: An Observational Study in Medicare Beneficiaries.

Objective: Pimavanserin, a serotonin 5-HT antagonist, is indicated for treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis. In premarketing trials in patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis, 11% of patients died during open-label pimavanserin treatment. Antipsychotics, which are used off-label in Parkinson's disease psychosis, increase mortality in dementia patients.

Babesiosis Occurrence Among United States Medicare Beneficiaries, Ages 65 and Older, During 2006-2017: Overall and by State and County of Residence.

Background: Human babesiosis is a mild-to-severe parasitic infection that poses health concerns especially in older and other at-risk populations. The study objective was to assess babesiosis occurrence among US Medicare beneficiaries, ages 65 and older, during 2006-2017.

Methods: Our retrospective claims-based study used Medicare databases.

Comparative Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines Among US Medicare Beneficiaries Ages 65 Years and Older During the 2019-2020 Season.

Background: Approximately 50 000 influenza-associated deaths occur annually in the United States, overwhelmingly among individuals aged ≥65 years. Although vaccination is the primary prevention tool, investigations have shown low vaccine effectiveness (VE) in recent years, particularly among the elderly. We analyzed the relative VE (RVE) of all influenza vaccines among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years to prevent influenza hospital encounters during the 2019-2020 season.

Comparison of propensity score methods for pre-specified subgroup analysis with survival data.

Examining medical products' benefits and risks in different population subsets is often necessary for informing public health decisions. In observational cohort studies, safety analyses by pre-specified subgroup can be powered, and are informative about different population subsets' risks if the study designs or analyses adequately control for confounding. However, few guidelines exist on how to simultaneously control for confounding and conduct subgroup analyses.

Relative Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines Among the United States Elderly, 2018-2019.

Background: Studies among individuals ages ≥65 years have found a moderately higher relative vaccine effectiveness (RVE) for the high-dose (HD) influenza vaccine compared with standard-dose (SD) products for most seasons. Studies during the A(H3N2)-dominated 2017-2018 season showed slightly higher RVE for the cell-cultured vaccine compared with SD egg-based vaccines. We investigated the RVE of influenza vaccines among Medicare beneficiaries ages ≥65 years during the 2018-2019 season.

Effect of Age on Relative Effectiveness of High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccines Among US Medicare Beneficiaries Aged ≥65 Years.

Background: Studies have found that the high-dose influenza vaccine has a higher relative vaccine effectiveness (RVE) versus standard-dose vaccines in some seasons. We evaluated the effect of age on the RVE of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines among Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods: A 6-season retrospective cohort study from 2012 to 2018 among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years was performed.

Comparative Stroke, Bleeding, and Mortality Risks in Older Medicare Patients Treated with Oral Anticoagulants for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are alternatives to warfarin in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Randomized trials compared NOACs with warfarin, but none have compared individual NOACs against each other for safety and effectiveness.

Methods: We performed a retrospective new-user cohort study of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation enrolled in US Medicare who initiated warfarin (n = 183,318), or a standard dose of dabigatran (150 mg twice daily; n = 86,198), rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily; n = 106,389), or apixaban (5 mg twice daily; n = 73,039) between October 2010 and September 2015.

Relative Effectiveness of Cell-Cultured and Egg-Based Influenza Vaccines Among Elderly Persons in the United States, 2017-2018.

Background: The low influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) observed during the A(H3N2)-dominated 2017-2018 season may be due to vaccine virus adaptation to growth in eggs. We compared the effectiveness of cell-cultured and egg-based vaccines among Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study on Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years who received an influenza vaccine (cell-cultured, egg-based quadrivalent; egg-based high-dose, adjuvanted, or standard-dose trivalent) during the 2017-2018 season.

Habitual aerobic exercise, gene APOA5 named rs662799 SNP and response of blood lipid and lipoprotein phenotypes among older Chinese adult.

Background: The genetic component of dyslipidemia has been studied in adults but little in older population. It is remains unknown regarding influence and interaction of APOA5 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and habitual aerobic exercise (HAE) on changes of blood lipids and lipoprotein phenotypes in older Chinese adults.

Methods: Four-hundred-twenty-three old Chinese individuals with HAE were divided into hyperlipidemia and normal groups.

"Living High-Training Low" improved weight loss and glucagon-like peptide-1 level in a 4-week weight loss program in adolescents with obesity: A pilot study.

Background: "Living High-Training Low" (LHTL) is effective for the improvement of athletic ability; however, little is known about the effect of LHTL on obese individuals. The present study determined whether LHTL would have favorable influence on body composition, rebalance the appetite hormones, and explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Adolescents with obesity [body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m] were randomly assigned to "Living Low-Training Low" (LLTL, n = 19) group that slept in a normobaric normoxia condition and the LHTL (n = 16) group slept in a normobaric hypoxia room (14.

Statin Use and Risks of Influenza-Related Outcomes Among Older Adults Receiving Standard-Dose or High-Dose Influenza Vaccines Through Medicare During 2010-2015.

Background: Statins are used to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Recent studies suggest that statin use may be associated with an increased influenza risk among influenza vaccinees. We used Medicare data to evaluate associations between statins and risks of influenza-related encounters among vaccinees.

Immune adaptation to chronic intense exercise training: new microarray evidence.

Background: Endurance exercise training, especially the high-intensity training, exhibits a strong influence on the immune system. However, the mechanisms underpinning the immune-regulatory effect of exercise remain unclear. Consequently, we chose to investigate the alterations in the transcriptional profile of blood leukocytes in young endurance athletes as compared with healthy sedentary controls, using Affymetrix human gene 1.

Association Between Changes in CMS Reimbursement Policy and Drug Labels for Erythrocyte-Stimulating Agents With Outcomes for Older Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis Covered by Fee-for-Service Medicare.

Importance: In 2011, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) changed its reimbursement policy for hemodialysis to a bundled comprehensive payment system that included the cost of erythrocyte-stimulating agents (ESAs). Also in 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration revised the drug label for ESAs, recommending more conservative dosing in patients with chronic kidney disease. In response to concerns that these measures could have adverse effects on patient care and outcomes, the CMS and the FDA initiated a collaboration to assess the effect.

Stroke, Bleeding, and Mortality Risks in Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries Treated With Dabigatran or Rivaroxaban for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Importance: Dabigatran and rivaroxaban are non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants approved for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). There are no randomized head-to-head comparisons of these drugs for stroke, bleeding, or mortality outcomes.

Objective: To compare risks of thromboembolic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), major extracranial bleeding including major gastrointestinal bleeding, and mortality in patients with nonvalvular AF who initiated dabigatran or rivaroxaban treatment for stroke prevention.

Serum and vitreous fibulin-1 concentrations in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Fibulin-1, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is closely correlated with angiogenesis. The purpose of this investigation is to determine serum and vitreous fibulin-1 concentrations in diabetic retinopathy (DR). This cross-sectional investigation was carried out in a population of 154 diabetic patients (54 without DR, 42 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 58 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)) and 49 control subjects.