The regulatory role and mechanism of energy metabolism and immune response in head and neck cancer.

Head and neck cancer, which includes cancers of the mouth, larynx, and pharynx, is one of the six most common cancers worldwide. Common risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and viruses such as HPV and EBV. Tumor cells often exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics compared with normal cells, highlighting a key area for potential intervention.

Knocked-Out Protein Disulfide Isomerase Decreases Silk Yields and Mechanical Properties by Affecting the Post-Translational Modification of Silk Proteins.

Silkworms synthesize and secrete silk to produce cocoons, which are excellent materials for textile and biomaterial manufacturing applications. However, the gene regulation associated with the post-translational modification of silk proteins remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns of in silkworms.

Genetically engineered sericin hydrogels for the delivery of human adiponectin in treating ulcerative colitis in mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one type of inflammatory bowel diseases, and adiponectin (APN) is a potential therapeutic protein drug for treating UC. However, source and targeted delivery of APN to improve its effectiveness and bioavailability remain challenges. Here, we report a strategy to develop a sericin hydrogel (rhAPN-sh) through genetically engineering silkworm to spin silks mixed with recombinant human adiponectin (rhAPN), which efficiently overcome APN source and delivery.

Novel insights into lncRNAs as key regulators of post-translational modifications in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Abnormal post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial role in tumor initiation and progression. However, the mechanisms by which lncRNAs, as emerging epigenetic regulators, mediate PTMs remain largely unexplored. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest research on the interplay between lncRNA-mediated PTMs and tumorigenesis.

Biosynthesis of a dual growth factors (GFs) functionalized silk sericin hydrogel to promote chronic wound healing in diabetic mice.

Chronic non-healing wounds, such as diabetic foot, pressure sores and bedsores have seriously affected the life quality of patients worldwide. GFs provide a potential solution to promote chronic wound healing by promoting cell proliferation and differentiation. However, limited resource, high cost, and instability greatly hindered their clinical applications.

Fusion genes in cancers: Biogenesis, functions, and therapeutic implications.

The processes of tumorigenesis and development are intricate, involving numerous genes and molecular pathways. Fusion genes, direct products of abnormal chromosomal rearrangements, are key factors in the formation of many types of tumors. In recent years, the advent of sequencing technology and bioinformatics has led to the discovery of more fusion genes associated with specific types of tumors.

GFH018 and Toripalimab Combination Therapy for Previously Treated Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Results from a Phase Ib/II Study.

Purpose: GFH018 is a novel TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor, which has been shown to potentiate the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GFH018 plus toripalimab in patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Patients And Methods: This phase Ib/II study included patients with specific solid tumors who had failed at least one prior line of standard therapy.

Causal association between oral microbiota and oral cancer: a mendelian randomization study.

Many studies have reported an association between oral microbiota and oral cancer (OC). Yet, the causal relationship between oral microbiota and OC remains undetermined. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilized the most recent genome-wide association study of oral microbiota from the ADDITION-PRO study (n = 610, European ancestry), along with the summary statistics for OC from the UK Biobank consortium (643 cases and 406,821 controls, European ancestry).

Mechanism and application of lactylation in cancers.

Lactate is a crucial product of cancer metabolism, creating an acidic environment that supports cancer growth and acts as a substrate for lactylation. Lactylation, a newly discovered epigenetic modification, plays a vital role in cancer cell signaling, metabolic reprogramming, immune response, and other functions. This review explores the regulation of lactylation, summarizes recent research on its role in cancers, and highlights its application in cancer drug resistance and immunotherapy.

Crosstalk between RNA-binding proteins and non-coding RNAs in tumors: molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance.

RNA-binding proteins, integral in regulating RNA metabolism and gene expression, collaborate closely with non-coding RNAs, which are pivotal in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Both elements are essential for the progression of tumors. While recent research has increasingly illuminated their individual mechanisms, the intricate network interplay between them still requires further exploration.

The cGAS‒STING pathway in cancer immunity: mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic implications.

Innate immunity represents the body's first line of defense, effectively countering the invasion of external pathogens. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of innate immunity in antitumor defense, beyond its established function in protecting against external pathogen invasion. Enhancing innate immune signaling has emerged as a pivotal strategy in cancer therapy.

SRSF9 mediates oncogenic RNA splicing of SLC37A4 via liquid-liquid phase separation to promote oral cancer progression.

Introduction: Oral cancer represents a significant proportion of head and neck malignancies, accounting for approximately 3 % of all malignant tumors worldwide.

Objectives: Alternative splicing (AS), a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, is increasingly linked to cancer development. The precise impact of AS on oral cancer progression is not well understood.

Circular RNA circCLASP2 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through binding to DHX9 to enhance PCMT1 translation.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), characterized by their covalently closed-loop structures, constitute a distinct class of non-coding RNAs. They play pivotal regulatory roles within cells and are intricately associated with the progression of malignant tumors. However, their roles and the underlying mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression have yet to be fully uncovered and comprehensively understood.

Noncoding RNA-encoded peptides in cancer: biological functions, posttranslational modifications and therapeutic potential.

In the present era, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have become a subject of considerable scientific interest, with peptides encoded by ncRNAs representing a particularly promising avenue of investigation. The identification of ncRNA-encoded peptides in human cancers is increasing. These peptides regulate cancer progression through multiple molecular mechanisms.

Long non‑coding RNA ABHD11‑AS1 inhibits colorectal cancer progression through interacting with EGFR to suppress the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.

Long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs participate in colorectal cancer (CRC) occurrence and progression. The present study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA ABHD11‑AS1 regulates malignant biological behavior of CRC cells. Bioinformatic analysis, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and hybridization revealed that ABHD11‑AS1 expression was decreased in CRC samples and associated with an unfavorable prognosis.

Circular RNAs in cancer.

Circular RNA (circRNA), a subtype of noncoding RNA, has emerged as a significant focus in RNA research due to its distinctive covalently closed loop structure. CircRNAs play pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, functioning through mechanisms such as miRNAs or proteins sponging, regulation of splicing and gene expression, and serving as translation templates, particularly in the context of various cancers. The hallmarks of cancer comprise functional capabilities acquired during carcinogenesis and tumor progression, providing a conceptual framework that elucidates the nature of the malignant transformation.

CircRNF13 enhances IGF2BP1 phase separation-mediated ITGB1 mRNA stabilization in an m6A-dependent manner to promote oral cancer cisplatin chemoresistance.

Oral cancer ranks among the most common malignancies within the head and neck region; however, its etiology remains inadequately understood despite substantial research advances in recent years. Many studies highlight the regulatory role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human cancers, suggesting their potential as cancer biomarkers. However, their specific mechanisms in oral cancer are not well understood.

Green valorization of Chaenomelis Fructus agro-industrial by-products as a source of phenolics: Ultrasound-assisted extraction, adsorptive enrichment and quality control.

This study aimed to develop a green and efficient strategy for the recovery of bioactive phenolics from agro-industrial by-products (AIBPs) derived from Chaenomelis Fructus (CF). The peel of Chaenomelis Fructus (CFP) has a higher phenolic content compared to its leaves and seeds. The ultrasound-assisted extraction process for CFP total phenolics (CFPTP) was optimized using response surface methodology, achieving a yield of 216.

Explorations of novel MDR-related hub genes and the potential roles TRIM9 played in drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma.

Current chemotherapeutic efficacy is limited by the rapid development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, 66 MDR-related hub genes in drug-resistant HCC were identified through combined analysis of differential expressed genes (DEGs), gene functional enrichment, Cox proportional regression, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. A prognostic risk model was established through the LASSO-Cox regression analysis.

An Efficient Biosynthetic System for Developing Functional Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials.

Long historical evolution and domestication endow silkworms with the super ability to synthesize and secrete massive silk proteins using silk glands. The major component of this secretion consists of silk fibroin, considered a promising biomaterial for tissue repairs and engineering. To further expand the utility of this unique protein, there is a continuing need for silk fibroin functionalization.

Fabrication of a transforming growth factor β1 functionalized silk sericin hydrogel through genetical engineering to repair alveolar bone defects in rabbit.

Cleft palate is one of the most prevalent congenital craniofacial birth defects in human congenital facial anomaly. Severe cleft palate is usually accompanied by alveolar bone defects (ABDs). Growth factors (GFs) are considered as desirable opportunity to promote the craniofacial healing post the surgery.

Interplay of Stereochemistry and Charge Governs Guest Binding in Flexible ZnL Cages.

Here, we report the synthesis of a family of chiral ZnL tetrahedral cages by subcomponent self-assembly. These cages contain a flexible trialdehyde subcomponent that allows them to adopt stereochemically distinct configurations. The incorporation of enantiopure 1-phenylethylamine produced Δ and Λ enantiopure cages, in contrast to the racemates that resulted from the incorporation of achiral 4-methoxyaniline.

Restoration of mitochondrial function alleviates trigeminal neuropathic pain in mice.

Craniofacial pain is prevalent and a debilitating condition. Managing craniofacial pain is particularly challenging due to its multifaceted nature. Among the most severe forms of craniofacial pain is trigeminal neuralgia, often described as one of the most excruciating pain syndromes encountered in clinical practice.

The VEGFA-Induced MAPK-AKT/PTEN/TGFβ Signal Pathway Enhances Progression and MDR in Gastric Cancer.

Background/objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is a globally frequent cancer, in particular leading in mortality caused by digestive tract cancers in China. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is excessively expressed in cancers including GC; its involvement in GC development, particularly in multidrug resistance (MDR), and the signal route it affects in GC remain unknown. To explore the roles VEGFA plays during progression and MDR formation in GC, we studied its function in a VEGFA-deleted GC cell platform.