Biomarkers of type 2 inflammation as predictors of response to biologics for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Background: The relationship between pre-treatment levels of blood eosinophil count (BEC), fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( ) and sputum eosinophils (Sp-EOS) and treatment response to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) remains unclear. We evaluated pre-treatment levels of BEC, , Sp-EOS and their combinations as predictors of treatment responses in patients with SEA undergoing anti-interleukin (IL)-5/IL-5Rα or anti-IL-4Rα antibody therapies.

Methods: The study included 153 adult patients with SEA (59 anti-IL-5/IL-5Rα and 94 anti-IL-4Rα users).

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Severe Asthma With Fungal Sensitization in Korea.

Purpose: Severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS) is associated with life-threatening exacerbation and severe airflow limitation. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of fungal sensitization in asthma and clinical characteristics of SAFS.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea and the Korean Severe Asthma Registry cohorts.

Sputum immunoglobulin E levels correlate with eosinophilic airway regardless of atopy.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a key molecule that induces mast cell activation in allergic inflammation and contributes to type 2/eosinophilic inflammation in asthmatic airways. This cross-sectional study investigated the role of local IgE in asthmatic airways according to atopy, asthma control, and eosinophilic inflammation. A total of 31 adult patients with moderate-to-severe asthma were enrolled.

Successful dupilumab treatment in a patient with severe dermatitis following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the optimal treatment of hematologic diseases and various malignancies. Development of allergic disease in a transplant patient has been reported.

Case Presentations: A 49-year-old male with no history of atopy underwent two allogenic HSCTs for aplastic anemia from his brother with severe atopic dermatitis 11 years ago.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for escalation to anaphylaxis from non-severe drug hypersensitivity reaction.

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) poses significant challenges in clinical practice, with some patients experiencing more severe reactions upon re-exposure. Understanding the factors contributing to escalation into more severe reactions is crucial for improving patient safety. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with the progression from non-severe DHR to anaphylaxis.

Concurrent Blood Eosinophils and FeNO as Biological Therapy Indicators in Severe Asthma: Findings From the Precision Medicine Intervention in Severe Asthma Study.

Background: The combination of pretreatment peripheral blood eosinophil count (BEC) and FeNO levels for optimizing the therapeutic response of T2-biologics in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) remains unclear.

Objective: To compare longitudinal clinical outcome changes across subgroups stratified by the combination of high and low levels of BEC and FeNO.

Methods: Overall, 278 patients with SEA (anti-IL-5/IL-5Rα users: n = 82; and anti-IL-4Rα users: n = 196) were stratified based on pretreatment BEC and FeNO levels and observed for 6 to 12 months.

Serum and urine eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) levels predict biologic response in severe asthma.

Background: Eosinophils are crucial in allergic inflammation, and their correlation with asthma severity has made them a focal point in predicting treatment outcomes. Blood eosinophil count is a commonly utilized marker. However, its limitations have prompted alternative biomarker exploration, such as eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN).

Longitudinal multi-trajectory phenotypes of severe eosinophilic asthma on type 2 biologics treatment.

Background: Limited understanding exists regarding the progression trajectory of severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) patients on type 2 biologics therapies.

Objective: We aim to explore distinct longitudinal phenotypes of these patients based on crucial asthma biomarkers.

Methods: We enrolled 101 adult patients with SEA.

Clinical Characteristics of T2-Low and T2-High Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap: Findings From COREA Cohort.

Purpose: Despite the emerging biologics, biomarkers and treatment options for asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) are still limited, requiring further research.

Methods: We enrolled 378 ACO patients from a multicenter real-world asthma cohort in Korea and compared the clinical characteristics, lung function, and exacerbation between type 2 (T2)-high and T2-low groups. We used the following comparisons: 1) low vs.

Effect of biologic therapies on quality of life in severe asthma: Findings from the PRISM study.

Background: Anti-type 2 (T2) biologic therapies (biologics) improve exacerbation rates, lung function, and asthma-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with severe T2 asthma. However, studies comparing different biologics are lacking. We evaluated the QoL in patients with severe asthma comprehensively and compare the efficacy of different T2-directed biologics using QoL questionnaires.

Effects of indoor environments and outdoor air pollutants in residential areas on acute exacerbation in patients with severe asthma.

This study aimed to determine the effects of indoor environment (IE) and outdoor air pollutants (OAPs) in residential areas on acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with severe asthma. A total of 115 participants were recruited. To characterize IE, we used structured questionnaires and estimated OAP concentrations using a land-use regression model.

Characteristics of Severe Asthma in the Elderly: Observations From the Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR).

Purpose: Few studies have compared the clinical characteristics of severe asthma (SA) in elderly patients compared to that in nonelderly patients.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Korean SA Registry, a nationwide, real-world observational study of SA in Korea. The baseline clinical characteristics, disease control status, and medication use of the patients were compared between elderly (≥ 65 years) and nonelderly groups.

Association of Cough Severity with Asthma Control and Quality of Life in Patients with Severe Asthma.

Purpose: Symptoms are important components in determining asthma control and in the adjustment of treatment levels. However, clinical relevance of cough in severe asthma is not well-understood. This study aimed to evaluate the severity and association of cough with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with severe asthma.

Relationship of computed tomography-based measurements with symptom perception and quality of life in patients with severe asthma.

Background: Symptom perception and quality of life (QOL) are important domains for properly managing severe asthma. This study aimed to assess the relationship between airway structural and parenchymal variables measured using chest computed tomography (CT) and subjective symptom perception and QOL in patients with severe asthma enrolled in the Korean Severe Asthma Registry.

Methods: This study used CT-based objective measurements, including airway wall thickness (WT), hydraulic diameter, functional small airway disease (fSAD), and emphysematous lung (Emph), to assess their association with subjective symptom (cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and sputum) perception measured using the visual analog scale, and QOL measured by the Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ).

Predictors of Early and Late Lung Function Improvement in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma on Type2-Biologics in the PRISM Study.

Background: The determinants linked to the short- and long-term improvement in lung function in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) on biological treatment (BioT) remain elusive.

Objective: We sought to identify the predictors of early and late lung function improvement in patients with SEA after BioT.

Methods: 140 adult patients with SEA who received mepolizumab, dupilumab, or reslizumab were followed up for 6 months to evaluate improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV).

Leucovorin-induced Hypersensitivity Reaction in a Patient with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Cetuximab Plus FOLFOX Chemotherapy: A Case Report.

The FOLFOX regimen (combination of leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) is the first-line treatment for high-risk stage 2 and 3 colorectal cancer patients. While hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) caused by oxaliplatin are commonly reported, HSRs due to leucovorin have been infrequently reported. This report aims to investigate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of leucovorin induced HSRs.

A comparison of treatment response to biologics in asthma-COPD overlap and pure asthma: Findings from the PRISM study.

Background: Despite the increasing use of biologics in severe asthma, there is limited research on their use in asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO). We compared real-world treatment responses to biologics in ACO and asthma.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study using data from the Precision Medicine Intervention in Severe Asthma (PRISM).

A Study on the Factors and Prediction Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer for Public Health Promotion.

This study was conducted to identify the risk causes and predictive models based on the clinical features of patients with breast cancer classified as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBCs) using Korean cancer statistics. A total of 2045 cases that underwent three types of hormone receptor tests were obtained from Korean cancer data in 2016. Research data were analyzed with the software SPSS Ver.