Genome-wide analysis and functional validation of the cotton FAH gene family for salt stress.

Background: Fatty acid hydroxylases (FAHs) are a family of enzymes that includes fatty acid hydroxylases, carotenoid hydroxylases, and sterol desaturases. Fatty acids are highly important for plants. They are the main source of energy storage and the main component of the cell membrane.

PLXDC1 Tumor-Associated Pancreatic Stellate Cells Promote Desmoplastic and Immunosuppressive Niche in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) contribute to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression and therapeutic resistance, yet their detailed functions remain unclear. This study combined RNA sequencing and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) on sorted PSCs from adjacent normal and PDAC tissues to investigate their transcriptional and epigenetic activation. PSCs heterogeneity and functions are characterized through bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomes, as well as in situ sequencing.

The efficacy and mechanisms of Maiguanfukang Tablets, a patented herbal-based TCM formula, for the treatment of atherosclerosis: An in vivo experiment based on the network pharmacology.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and potential mechanisms of MGFKP on rabbit atherosclerotic models.

Methods: The left carotid balloon injury surgery were used to establish the rabbit atherosclerotic model, followed by the administration of MGFKP from the second postoperative for 6 weeks. Left carotid ultrasound and histological analysis were determined to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of MGFKP.

Intestinal fibrosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease: Known and unknown.

Intestinal fibrosis is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leading to a high incidence of surgical interventions and significant disability. Despite its clinical relevance, no targeted pharmacological therapies are currently available. This review aims to explore the underlying mechanisms driving intestinal fibrosis and address unresolved scientific questions, offering insights into potential future therapeutic strategies.

The Impact of Ultracentral Tumor Location on Outcomes in Patients with Pulmonary Oligometastases: A Secondary Analysis of the Single-Arm Phase 2 SABR-5 Trial.

Purpose/objectives: There are limited data on outcomes in patients with ultracentral pulmonary oligometastases treated with SABR. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ultracentral location was prognostic for toxicity and survival.

Material And Methods: Oligometastatic lung lesions treated on the single-arm phase 2 SABR-5 trial were retrospectively stratified into 2 cohorts: ultracentral tumors (UC), defined as planning target volume overlap or direct tumor abutment to the proximal bronchial tree, esophagus, great vessels, or heart, and nonultracentral tumors.

Room temperature ferroelectricity in monolayer graphene sandwiched between hexagonal boron nitride.

The ferroelectricity in stacked van der Waals multilayers through interlayer sliding holds great promise for ultrathin high-density memory devices, yet mostly subject to weak polarization and cryogenic operating condition. Here, we demonstrate robust room-temperature ferroelectricity in monolayer graphene sandwiched between hexagonal boron nitride layers with a rhombohedral-like stacking (i.e.

Stereotactic Ablative Radiation for Oligoprogressive Cancers: Results of the Randomized Phase 2 STOP Trial.

Purpose: This trial examined if patients with ≤5 sites of oligoprogression benefit from the addition of SABR to standard of care (SOC) systemic therapy.

Methods And Materials: We enrolled patients with 1 to 5 metastases progressing on systemic therapy, and after stratifying by type of systemic therapy (cytotoxic vs noncytotoxic), randomized 1:2 between continued SOC treatment versus SABR to all progressing lesions plus SOC. The trial was initially limited to non-small cell lung cancer but was expanded to include all nonhematologic malignancies to meet accrual goals.

Training-free CryoET Tomogram Segmentation.

Cryogenic Electron Tomography (CryoET) is a useful imaging technology in structural biology that is hindered by its need for manual annotations, especially in particle picking. Recent works have endeavored to remedy this issue with few-shot learning or contrastive learning techniques. However, supervised training is still inevitable for them.

TWIST1+FAP+ fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease.

Intestinal fibrosis, a severe complication of Crohn's disease (CD), is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and induces intestinal strictures, but there are no effective antifibrosis drugs available for clinical application. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) of fibrotic and nonfibrotic ileal tissues from patients with CD with intestinal obstruction. Analysis revealed mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as the major producers of ECM and the increased infiltration of its subset FAP+ fibroblasts in fibrotic sites, which was confirmed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the critical role of chemokine signaling in the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The process of atherosclerosis (AS) is complicated. Transcriptomics technology can assist in discovering the underlying mechanisms and exploring the key targets of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against atherosclerosis.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate targets and signaling pathways significantly related to AS and the potential intervention targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction by transcriptomics.

g-CN as ballistic electron transport "Tunnel" in CsPbBr-based ternary photocatalyst for gas phase CO reduction.

Perovskite CsPbBr quantum dot shows great potential in artificial photosynthesis, attributed to its outstanding optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, its photocatalytic activity is hindered by insufficient catalytic active sites and severe charge recombination. In this work, a CsPbBr@Ag-CN ternary heterojunction photocatalyst is designed and synthesized for high-efficiency CO reduction.

Unified Total Synthesis of the Limonoid Alkaloids: Strategies for the De Novo Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridine Scaffolds.

Highly substituted pyridine scaffolds are found in many biologically active natural products and therapeutics. Accordingly, numerous complementary approaches to obtain differentially substituted pyridines have been disclosed. This article delineates the evolution of the synthetic strategies designed to assemble the demanding tetrasubstituted pyridine core present in the limonoid alkaloids isolated from , including xylogranatopyridine B, granatumine A and related congeners.

Exploring the potential targets of Biling Weitong Granules on visceral hypersensitivity through integration of network pharmacology and in vivo analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Biling Weitong Granules (BLWTG) are a newly developed traditional Chinese medicine prescription based on the ancient prescription Jinlingzi San and Zuojin Wan. It is used for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) featured as visceral hypersensitivity (VH). However, its active ingredients and protein targets involved still remain unknown.

Rapidly degrading and mussel-inspired multifunctional carboxymethyl chitosan/montmorillonite hydrogel for wound hemostasis.

The conventional method of using montmorillonite hemostatic materials affects the hemostatic effect due to easy dislodgement on the wound surface. In this paper, a multifunctional bio-hemostatic hydrogel (CODM) was prepared based on hydrogen bonding and Schiff base bonding using modified alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxymethyl chitosan. The amino group-modified montmorillonite was uniformly dispersed in the hydrogel by its amido bond formation with the carboxyl groups of carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized alginate.

Autoimmune encephalitis after surgery for appendiceal cancer: A case report.

Background: Primary cancer of the appendix is rare and often difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms. Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is the most common cause of non-infectious encephalitis. The etiologies of AIE include tumors (paraneoplastic), infections (parainfections), or recessive infections.

Targeted protein degrader development for cancer: advances, challenges, and opportunities.

Anticancer-targeted therapies inhibit various kinases implicated in cancer and have been used in clinical settings for decades. However, many cancer-related targets are proteins without catalytic activity and are difficult to target using traditional occupancy-driven inhibitors. Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is an emerging therapeutic modality that has expanded the druggable proteome for cancer treatment.

Overall thermal sensation and comfort prediction with different model combinations: Cold and hot step-change environments in winter.

Currently, numerous thermal comfort models have been proposed; however, research on the combination of different models is lacking. This study aims to predict the overall thermal sensation (OTS*) and thermal comfort (OTC*) with different model combinations under hot and cold step changes. Three cold- and hot-shock processes are designed in the climate chamber.

Autoimmune pancreatitis: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022.

Background/objectives: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a distinct form of pancreatic inflammatory disease that responds well to glucocorticoid therapy. Knowledge on AIP has rapidly evolved over the past two decades. Based on bibliometric analysis, this study aimed to assess the research status of AIP over the past two decades and determine the research focus and emerging topics.

Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Introduction: Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy (SABR) is a therapeutic option for patients with inoperable oligometastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Given the scarcity of prospective data on outcomes of SABR for metastatic CRC, this study aims to review SABR outcomes and determine predictive factors of local control (LC) and survival in patients with liver metastases from CRC.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of SABR for CRC liver metastases between 2011 and 2019 was undertaken.

Ultralong Lifetime of Plasmon-Excited Electrons Realized in Nonepitaxial/Epitaxial Au@CdS/CsPbBr Triple-Heteronanocrystals.

Combination of the strong light-absorbing power of plasmonic metals with the superior charge carrier dynamics of halide perovskites is appealing for bio-inspired solar-energy conversion due to the potential to acquire long-lived plasmon-induced hot electrons. However, the direct coupling of these two materials, with Au/CsPbBr heteronanocrystals (HNCs) as a prototype, results in severe suppression of plasmon resonances. The present work shows that interfacial engineering is a key knob for overcoming this impediment, based on the creation of a CdS mediate layer between Au and CsPbBr forming atomically organized Au-CdS and CdS-CsPbBr interfaces by nonepitaxial/epitaxial combined strategy.

Self-Healing and Shape-Editable Wearable Supercapacitors Based on Highly Stretchable Hydrogel Electrolytes.

Shape editability combined with a self-healing capability and long-term cycling durability are highly desirable properties for wearable supercapacitors. Most wearable supercapacitors have rigid architecture and lack the capacity for editability into desirable shapes. Through sandwiching hydrogel electrolytes between two electrodes, a suite of wearable supercapacitors that integrate desirable properties namely: repeated shape editability, excellent self-healing capability, and long-term cycling durability is demonstrated.

Synthetic and Biodegradable Molybdenum(IV) Diselenide Triggers the Cascade Photo- and Immunotherapy of Tumor.

In this study, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-decorated MoSe (MoSe -PVP) nanoparticle with excellent photothermal transforming ability and chlorin E6 (Ce6) loading capacity is designed for combined tumor photothermal therapy (PTT), tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT), and immunotherapy. The light-to-heat conversion efficiency under irradiation with an 808 nm near-infrared laser is as high as 59.28%.

Synthesis of (-)-melazolide B, a degraded limonoid, from a natural terpene precursor.

Degraded limonoids are a subclass of limonoid natural products that derive from ring-intact or ring-rearranged limonoids. Establishment of robust synthetic routes to access them could provide valuable materials to identify the simplest active pharmacophore responsible for the observed biological activities of the parent molecules. This communication delineates the development of a divergent strategy to furnish melazolide B and several other related congeners from a common keto-lactone intermediate, which was rapidly assembled from α-ionone.

Expand-and-Randomize: An Algebraic Approach to Secure Computation.

We consider the secure computation problem in a minimal model, where Alice and Bob each holds an input and wish to securely compute a function of their inputs at Carol without revealing any additional information about the inputs. For this minimal secure computation problem, we propose a novel coding scheme built from two steps. First, the function to be computed is such that it can be recovered while additional information might be leaked.