Lithium -butoxide-mediated efficient transesterification of -hydroxyphthalimide esters toward oxime functionalization.

We report an efficient lithium -butoxide (LiOBu)-mediated transesterification of -hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) esters with oximes to afford oxime esters under mild conditions. This transition-metal-free method exhibits high chemoselectivity, broad substrate scope, and excellent yields (up to 99%) in acetonitrile (CHCN). Reaction optimization and scalability studies confirm its practical applicability.

Recent advances in oxidative radical difunctionalization of -arylacrylamides enabled by carbon radical reagents.

The field of radical-mediated functionalization of -arylacrylamides has experienced considerable advancements in recent years, particularly in the domain of oxidative radical difunctionalization reactions employing carbon radical reagents. This approach provides a powerful and versatile strategy for the concurrent introduction of two distinct functional groups across the double bond of -arylacrylamides, facilitating the rapid construction of complex molecular architectures. This review aims to summarize the diverse strategies for inducing intramolecular transformations of -arylacrylamides using various carbon radical reagents, including methods initiated by photonic, thermal, or electrochemical processes, which have been extensively investigated by researchers.

The HALP Index Is Associated with the Recurrence of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Following Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the HALP Index and the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 471 patients with persistent AF treated with RFCA between January 2019 and June 2022 at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University. The relationship between the Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Index and AF recurrence outcomes was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and multifactorial Cox proportional hazards regression modeling.

The crosstalk between oxidative stress and DNA damage induces neural stem cell senescence by HO-1/PARP1 non-canonical pathway.

Neural stem cells play a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Neural stem cells senescence can lead to the decline of nerve repair and regeneration, causing brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism underlying neural stem cells senescence remains poorly understood.

miRNA let-7 family regulated by NEAT1 and ARID3A/NF-κB inhibits PRRSV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the swine industry worldwide. To investigate the role of miRNAs in the infection and susceptibility of PRRS virus (PRRSV), twenty-four miRNA libraries were constructed and sequenced from PRRSV-infected and mock-infected Porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) of Meishan, Landrace, Pietrain and Qingping pigs at 9 hours post infection (hpi), 36 hpi, and 60 hpi. The let-7 family miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between PRRSV-infected and mock-infected PAMs from 4 pig breeds.

Vibrating Flexoelectric Micro-Beams as Angular Rate Sensors.

We studied flexoelectrically excited/detected bending vibrations in perpendicular directions of a micro-beam spinning about its axis. A set of one-dimensional equations was derived and used in a theoretical analysis. It is shown that the Coriolis effect associated with the spin produces an electrical output proportional to the angular rate of the spin when it is small.

Integrating basic and applied researches of SARS-CoV-2 into the medical molecular biology teaching.

Molecular biology is an important course for medical postgraduates to understand the practice of modern molecular medicine. At present, molecular biology has been widely used in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of clinical medicine. The COVID-19 pandemic forced all universities suspending academic activities and online teaching all over the world, which is a kind of crisis and has become people's memory of the times.

Mir-331-3p Inhibits PRRSV-2 Replication and Lung Injury by Targeting PRRSV-2 ORF1b and Porcine α.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by a single-stranded RNA virus (PRRSV) is a highly infectious respiratory disease and leads to huge economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. To investigate the role of miRNAs in the infection and lung injury induced by PRRSV, the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRs) were isolated from PRRSV-2 infected/mock-infected PAMs of Meishan, Landrace, Pietrain, and Qingping pigs at 9, 36, and 60 hpi. Mir-331-3p was the only common DE-miR in each set of miRNA expression profile at 36 hpi.

Adipose tissue-derived autotaxin causes cardiomyopathy in obese mice.

The prevalence of obesity is dramatic increased and strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Adipokines, secreted from adipose tissues, are critical risk factors for the development of cardiomyopathy. Present study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological role of autotaxin in obesity-related cardiomyopathy.

Unconjugated bilirubin alleviates experimental ulcerative colitis by regulating intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation.

Background: Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and organisms and how it influences immune responses remain unresolved.

Aim: To investigate the role of UCB in intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation in mice with dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis.

Unconjugated bilirubin ameliorates the inflammation and digestive protease increase in TNBS-induced colitis.

The authors previously demonstrated that unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) may inhibit the activities of various digestive proteases, including trypsin and chymotrypsin. The digestive proteases in the lower gut are important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. The effects of UCB on the inflammation and levels of digestive proteases in feces of rats with colitis have not yet been revealed.

Sucralose Increases Antimicrobial Resistance and Stimulates Recovery of Escherichia coli Mutants.

Because of heavy use of antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has become of great concern. The effect of some widely used food additives such as sucralose on bacteria in the gut and the environment has also drawn increasing attention. In this study, we investigated the interaction between antimicrobials and sucralose impacting antimicrobial resistance and mutation of Escherichia coli (E.

Resveratrol Antagonizes Antimicrobial Lethality and Stimulates Recovery of Bacterial Mutants.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS; superoxide, peroxide, and hydroxyl radical) are thought to contribute to the rapid bactericidal activity of diverse antimicrobial agents. The possibility has been raised that consumption of antioxidants in food may interfere with the lethal action of antimicrobials. Whether nutritional supplements containing antioxidant activity are also likely to interfere with antimicrobial lethality is unknown.

Effect of bile pigments on the compromised gut barrier function in a rat model of bile duct ligation.

Background: Studies have shown that the absence of bile in the gut lumen, either by bile duct ligation or bile diversion, induces mucosal injury. However, the mechanism remains elusive. In this study, the role of bile pigments in gut barrier function was investigated in a rat model of bile duct ligation.

Inhibitors of reactive oxygen species accumulation delay and/or reduce the lethality of several antistaphylococcal agents.

Perturbation of hydroxyl radical accumulation by subinhibitory concentrations of 2,2'-bipyridyl plus thiourea protects Escherichia coli from being killed by 3 lethal antimicrobial classes. Here, we show that 2,2'-bipyridyl plus thiourea delays and/or reduces antimicrobial killing of Staphylococcus aureus by daptomycin, moxifloxacin, and oxacillin. While the protective effect of 2,2'-bipyridyl plus thiourea varied among strains and compounds, the data support the hypothesis that hydroxyl radical enhances antimicrobial lethality.