Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Moralbaflavone D.

Moralbaflavone D () is a newly identified natural diprenylated flavonoid demonstrating cytotoxic activity. Herein, we report its first total synthesis, accomplished in only six steps with an overall yield of 5.1%.

Structural Evolution of Hybrid Bismuth-Based Halides toward Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation Response and Birefringence through Multisite Chemical Substitution.

Exploring new material systems with an enhancement of the birefringence and second harmonic generation (SHG) effect represents a highly worthwhile pursuit. Herein, three bismuth-based halides, centrosymmetric (CS) (SCNH)BiBr·Br (), noncentrosymmetric (NCS) (NCH)BiBr·Br () and (NCH)(NHCS)BiBr (), were successfully designed through structural motif engineering. The regular full-halogen BiBr octahedron in and was successfully transferred to highly distorted heteroligand BiSBr octahedron in via chemical substitution.

HSQC-guided discovery and structural optimization of antiadipogenic indole diterpenoids from endophytic fungus Penicillium janthinellum H-6.

Chemical investigation of Penicillium janthinellum H-6 using HSQC-guided small molecule accurate recognition technology (SMART) led to the isolation of nine new indole diterpenoids (IDTs), penijanidines D-L (1-9), along with four known analogues (10-13). Architecturally, compound 1 represents an unusual imine-containing IDT, while compounds 2 and 3 are rare 1(2),2(18)-di-seco-IDT derivatives. Their structures including absolute configuration were determined by spectroscopic analysis and computational method.

SPP1 Venous Endothelial Cells and CRABP2 Tumor Cells Contribute to Favorable Body and Tail Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumor Microenvironment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy; however, no validated treatments are currently available. Clinically, the tumor position, head and uncinate process (HU), or body and tail (BT) of the pancreas are vital for surgical strategies; however, fundamental research has seldom revealed the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) among different types of PDAC. Here, we applied multicohort single-cell and spatial RNA-seq methods together with patient-derived organoid models to reveal the TME heterogeneity between HU and BT PDAC.

Chiral Ligand-Induced Second-Harmonic Generation Response in Helical One-Dimensional Hybrid Lead Bromides.

Chiral hybrid organic-inorganic metal halides have garnered broad attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Here, a pair of chiral helical lead halides, (d-/l-)PbBr·HO ( = proline), with centimeter-size has been successfully synthesized via integrating three types of functional building units including chiral amino acid ligand, ns metal cations, and halide anion. Their structures are composed of one-dimensional helical {[PbBr]} chains formed by face-sharing distorted [PbBr] octahedra, which are separated by chiral cations and crystallize into the space group 2.

The Effects of Fishmeal Replacement with Degossypolled Cottonseed Protein on Growth, Serum Biochemistry, Endocrine Responses, Lipid Metabolism, and Antioxidant and Immune Responses in Black Carp ().

This research investigated the growth, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capability, and immunity impact of black carp fed degossypolled cottonseed protein replacing fishmeal at the levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (DCP0, DCP10, DCP20, DCP30, DCP40, and DCP50), respectively. The results showed there were no significant changes in growth among these test groups. The activities and mRNA expression levels of amylase and trypsin were heightened in conjunction with 30-40% DCP.

Association Between Body Mass Index and Comorbid Anxiety in First-Episode and Drug Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.

There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), and the findings are controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between BMI and anxiety symptoms in patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD. A total of 1718 FEDN MDD patients were included in this study, gathering information on their sociodemographic attributes and physical measurements.

Phase Engineering for Achieving Full-Color Tunable Emission from Blue to Red and Multi-Level Information Security in Isomeric Hybrid Copper Halides.

The design and synthesis of novel hybrid metal halides polymorphs with full-color tunable emission are critical for the advancement of solid-state lighting and display technologies. However, it remains challenging and rarely reported. Herein, we successfully synthesized three new zero-dimensional (0D) hybrid isomeric copper (I) halides, namely α-/β-/γ-(BuPhP)CuI (where BuPhP = butyltriphenylphosphonium, CHP), featuring the same edge-sharing [CuI] units.

Synergistic vanadium carbide/oxide heterostructures within layered carbon for enhanced lithium-sulfur battery performance.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries hold great promise due to their high theoretical energy density, but their practical application is impeded by the insulating nature of sulfur and the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides. Herein, we report the synthesis of vanadium carbide/oxide heterostructures embedded in a two-dimensional carbon matrix (VC/VO@C) through a facile topological transformation strategy to address these challenges. The synergistic heterostructure combines strong polysulfide adsorption capability with excellent redox activity.

Proton perception and activation of a proton-sensing GPCR.

Maintaining pH at cellular, tissular, and systemic levels is essential for human health. Proton-sensing GPCRs regulate physiological and pathological processes by sensing the extracellular acidity. However, the molecular mechanism of proton sensing and activation of these receptors remains elusive.

Dimensionality Reduction of Metal-Organic Frameworks to Monolayers for Enhanced Electrocatalysis.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are potential candidates for electrocatalysis due to their well-defined, tunable structures, and ability to incorporate diverse active sites. However, their inherent insulating nature restricts electron transfer from electrode to remote active sites, leading to diminished catalytic performance. In this work, we present a novel strategy to overcome this limitation by reducing 3D MOFs (3D_MOFs) into monolayered MOFs (monoMOFs) with a thickness of ∼1.

Structurally diverse polyketides and alkaloids produced by a plant-derived fungus Penicillium canescens L1.

A series of structurally diverse polyketides (1-3), sesterterpenoids (24 and 25), and alkaloids (26-34) were isolated from the fermentation of a plant-derived fungus Penicillium canescens L1 on solid rice medium. Among these secondary metabolites, penicanesols A-G (1-7) were new structures, which were elucidated by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, ECD calculation, and X-ray diffraction. Penicanesol A (1) represented a rare dimer derived from phthalan derivatives, characterized by a 5/6/6/6/5 heteropentacyclic core.

Association between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Prognosis in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Evidence from the MIMIC Database.

This study aimed to investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and prognosis in critically ill patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), exploring potential heterogeneity of the association among patient subgroups with different characteristics. Records of patients with ACS were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database. The association between TyG index and mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional-hazard regression model, while potential non-linear associations were assessed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression.

Designing Polar Covalent Hybrid Cadmium-Based Chalcohalides Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal with Strong Optical Anisotropy via Double-Site Dual FBUs Tailoring.

The pressing demand for both established and innovative technologies to expand laser wavelengths has rendered high-performance nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals with large optical anisotropy indispensable. Here, centrosymmetric [SHC(NH)]CdBr (1) and pseudo-2D layered [SC(NH)]CdBr (2), as well as pseudo-3D noncentrosymmetric [SC(NH)]CdCl (3) are successfully synthesized through the introduction of π-conjugated SC(NH) groups. Compared to ionic compound 1 containing full-halogen coordination tetrahedra, covalent compounds 2 and 3 featuring novel polar [SC(NH)]CdX (X = Br, Cl) tetrahedral units demonstrate enhanced bandgaps (>4 eV) and birefringences (>0.

Selective Masking of Active Sites in Zinc Metal via Galvanic Replacement Reaction for Highly Reversible Ah-Level Zinc-I Batteries.

Zinc metal anodes suffer from severe dendrite formation and corrosion due to active Zn sites. Here, an ultrathin, hydrophobic copper phosphate (CP) membrane is introduced that selectively masks active Zn sites with electrochemically inactive copper through a galvanic replacement reaction (Zn + Cu = Cu + Zn). Copper is deliberately chosen for its higher redox potential (Cu/Cu; +0.

Developing and Validating a Novel Generic Patient-Reported Outcome Measure - Postoperative Recovery Scale for Adult (PRSA): A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Quality of postoperative recovery is an important perioperative patient-reported outcome. However, there are limitations in the development process and content of existing scales.

Purpose: To develop and validate a universal patient-reported outcome measure, the postoperative recovery scale for adult (PRSA), to assess early and long-term postoperative recovery.

FOSL1 transcriptionally dictates the Warburg effect and enhances chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Dysregulated energy metabolism has emerged as a defining hallmark of cancer, particularly evident in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Distinct from other breast cancer subtypes, TNBC exhibits heightened glycolysis and aggressiveness. However, the transcriptional mechanisms of aerobic glycolysis in TNBC remains poorly understood.

Local-strain-induced CO adsorption geometries and electrochemical reduction pathway shift.

Unravelling the influence of strain and geometric effects on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) on Cu-based (or Pd-based) alloys remains challenging due to complex local microenvironment variables. Herein, we employ two PdCu alloys (nanoparticles and nanodendrites) to demonstrate how CORR selectivity can shift from CO to HCOO. Despite sharing consistent phases, exposed crystal facets, and overall oxidative states, these alloys exhibit different local strain profiles due to their distinct geometries.

Access to Alkenyl Cyclobutanols by Ni-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantio-Selective syn-Hydrometalative 4-exo-trig Cyclization of Alkynones.

Enantioselective synthesis of (spiro)cyclobutane derivatives poses significant challenges yet holds promising applications for both synthetic and medicinal chemistry. We report here a nickel-catalyzed asymmetric syn-hydrometalative 4-exo-trig cyclization of 1,4-alkynones to synthesize alkenyl cyclobutanols with a tetrasubstituted stereocenter. This strategy features a broad substrate scope, delivering a variety of trifluoromethyl-containing rigid (spiro)carbocycle skeletons in good yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 84 % yield and 98.

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals heterogeneity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and effect of anti-angiogenesis therapy in the pancreas metastatic lesion.

Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma has heterogenous tumor microenvironment (TME). Among the metastatic lesions, pancreas metastasis is rare and controversy in treatment approaches. Here, extensive primary and metastatic lesion samples were included by single-cell RNA-seq to decipher the distinct metastasis TME.

Unbiasedly decoding the tumor microenvironment with single-cell multiomics analysis in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Research on the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC has propelled the development of immunotherapeutic and targeted therapeutic strategies with a promising future. The emergence of single-cell sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies, coupled with spatial omics, has collectively revealed the heterogeneity of the TME from a multiomics perspective, outlined the development trajectories of cell lineages, and revealed important functions of previously underrated myeloid cells and tumor stroma cells.