Impact of irritating infusates via midline catheters on vascular complications: a multicentre prospective cohort study protocol in China.

Introduction: Midline catheters (MCs) longer than 15 cm are increasingly used for intravenous therapy. However, a consensus on the safe administration of irritating infusates (pH <5 or >9, osmolality >900 mOsm/L) is lacking. The current guidelines do not specify how the catheter tip position (axillary vein of the chest wall or subclavian vein) modulates the complication risks.

Adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and their co-occurrence.

: The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a healthy dietary pattern to prevent diet-related diseases while promoting planetary sustainability, but little is known regarding its associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), both of which are highly prevalent and frequently co-exist. We aimed to assess association of this diet with risk of T2D, MASLD, and their co-occurrence. : This study included 170 811 UK Biobank participants (prospective design) and 212 Chinese biopsy-proven MASLD patients (cross-sectional design).

Differences in catheter-related complications to insertion site selection for long peripheral intravenous catheters in antimicrobial therapy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The long peripheral intravenous catheter (long PIVC), a type of PIVC, has an indwelling time of 5-14 days and is one of the options for antibacterial therapy. However, there is no consensus regarding the impact of insertion site selection on the complications associated with long PIVCs.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 90 participants randomly assigned to either the control or experimental group, with 45 patients in each group.

Associations of the EAT-Lancet reference diet with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its severity: A multicohort study.

Background And Aims: The EAT-Lancet Commission devised a globally sustainable dietary pattern to jointly promote human health and sustainability. However, the extent to which this diet supports metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of MASLD and its severity.

Quantitative Assessment of Hypovascular Component in Arterial Phase to Help the Discrimination of Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the imaging performance for discrimination of combined hepatocellular- cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In total, 35 patients with cHCC-CCA and a matched control group of HCC patients (n = 35) were included retrospectively. We quantitatively evaluated the hypovascular component in tumor and qualitatively assessed LI-RADS features and other aggressive features to develop model for cHCC-CCA diagnose.

Body mass index trajectories, weight gain and risks of liver and biliary tract cancers.

Background: Little is known about the role of early obesity or weight change during adulthood in the development of liver cancer and biliary tract cancer (BTC).

Methods: We investigated the associations of body mass index (BMI) and weight trajectories with the risk of liver cancer and BTC in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). BMI was self-reported at ages 20, 50, and at enrollment.

A prospective study of healthful and unhealthful plant-based diet and risk of overall and cause-specific mortality.

Purpose: Although emphasis has recently been placed on the importance of diet high in plant-based foods, the association between plant-based diet and long-term risk of overall and cause-specific mortality has been less studied. We aimed to investigate whether plant-based diet was associated with lower death risk.

Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Association of dietary inflammatory potential with risk of overall and cause-specific mortality.

Inflammation is a central mechanism in metabolic disorders associated with morbidity and mortality and dietary factors can modulate inflammation. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between an empirically developed, food-based dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score and the risk of overall and cause-specific mortality, using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2014. EDIP score was derived by entering thirty-nine predefined commonly consumed food groups into the reduced rank regression models followed by stepwise linear regression, which was most predictive of two plasma inflammation biomarkers including C-reactive protein and leucocyte count among 25 500 US adults.

Association of Inflammatory and Insulinemic Potential of Diet and Lifestyle with Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: We prospectively examined the extent to which greater inflammatory and insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle are associated with the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in two nationwide cohorts.

Methods: Five kinds of pattern scores, including the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and insulin resistance (EDIR), empirical lifestyle pattern score for hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) and insulin resistance (ELIR) were calculated. Multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox regression.

Diet and liver cancer risk: a narrative review of epidemiological evidence.

Primary liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed at late stages with poor prognosis; thus, identification of modifiable risk factors for primary prevention of liver cancer is urgently needed. The well-established risk factors of liver cancer include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), heavy alcohol consumption, metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, and aflatoxin exposure.