RNA N-glycosylation enables immune evasion and homeostatic efferocytosis.

Glycosylation is central to the localization and function of biomolecules. We recently discovered that small RNAs undergo N-glycosylation at the modified RNA base 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) uridine (acpU). However, the functional significance of N-glycosylation of RNAs is unknown.

Multi-omics unveils BCAA metabolism markers L-leucine and HMGCS1 as prognostic marker for immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: This study aims to identify branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) plasma metabolites and gene signatures that enhance prognostic assessments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immunotherapy.

Methods: Plasma metabolites were measured using untargeted UPLC-MS/MS (n = 94 and 40), with lymphocyte subset tests on 72 patients. BCAA-related subtypes were identified in NSCLC datasets (n = 274, 176, and 196).

Elevated nonhomologous end-joining by AATF enables efficient DNA damage repair and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive brain tumor resistant to chemoradiotherapy, largely due to glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) with robust DNA damage repair capabilities. Here we reveal that GSCs enhance their DNA repair capacity by activating non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) through upregulation of the apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), thereby promoting therapeutic resistance in GB. AATF interacts with XRCC4, a core NHEJ subunit, preventing its degradation via ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal processes.

A two stage blood cell detection and classification algorithm based on improved YOLOv7 and EfficientNetv2.

Current diagnoses of leukemia are typically performed manually by physicians on the basis of blood cell morphology, leading to challenges such as excessive workload, limited efficiency, and subjective outcomes. To solve the above problems, a two-stage detection method was developed for the automatic detection and identification of blood cells. First, for the blood cell detection task, an improved YOLOv7 blood cell detection model was proposed that integrates multihead attention and the SCYLLA-IoU (SIoU) loss function to accurately locate and classify white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and platelets in a full-field image of blood cells.

Evaluation of the practical application of the category-imbalanced myeloid cell classification model.

The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is increasing annually, and timely diagnostic and treatments can substantially improve patient survival rates. AML typing traditionally relies on manual microscopy for classifying and counting myeloid cells, which is time-consuming, laborious, and subjective. Therefore, developing a reliable automated model for myeloid cell classification is imperative.

Impacts of hypertension and diabetes on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort.

Objective: The study aimed to examine the individual and joint effects of hypertension and diabetes on cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality among the middle-aged and older Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 9681 individuals without preexisting CVD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Participants were classified into four different groups: hypertension alone, diabetes alone, both conditions, neither condition.

Cell Nuclear Segmentation of B-ALL Images Based on MSFF-SegNeXt.

Purpose: The diagnosis and treatment of B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) typically rely on cytomorphologic analysis of bone marrow smears. However, traditional morphological analysis methods require manual operation, leading to challenges such as high subjectivity and low efficiency. Accurate segmentation of individual cell nuclei is crucial for obtaining detailed morphological characterization data, thereby improving the objectivity and consistency of diagnoses.

Grip strength and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: the mediating effects of cognitive function.

Objective: This study investigates the associations and mediating pathways between grip strength, cognitive function, and depression in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.

Methods: Utilizing data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we employed logistic regression and mediation analysis to examine the relationships and mediating factors between grip strength, cognitive function, and depression, while adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: The study included 6,841 participants, of whom 1,734 (25.

Individual and joint effects of diabetes and depression on incident cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: Results from a population-based cohort study.

Aims: To assess the individual and joint effects of diabetes and depression on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese populations.

Methods: 9105 individuals without CVD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included and followed up for 9 years. Participants were divided into four comparative groups: diabetes alone, depression alone, both conditions, and neither condition.

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of yeast protein in comparison to animal and plant proteins using growing rats and INFOGEST model.

Yeast, identified as a microorganism, boasts a considerable protein content, positioning yeast protein as a highly promising alternative in the quest for sustainable protein sources. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the protein quality of yeast protein and compare it with animal proteins (whey concentrate/isolate proteins) and plant proteins (soy, wheat, pea proteins). Notably, yeast protein exhibits the highest ratio of indispensable/dispensable amino acids (IAAs/DAAs, 0.

Light-Adaptive Human Body Key Point Detection Algorithm Based on Multi-Source Information Fusion.

The identification of key points in the human body is vital for sports rehabilitation, medical diagnosis, human-computer interaction, and related fields. Currently, depth cameras provide more precise depth information on these crucial points. However, human motion can lead to variations in the positions of these key points.

Intelligent algorithm based on deep learning to predict the dosage for anesthesia: A study on prediction of drug efficacy based on deep learning.

Background And Aims: Anesthetic drugs play a vital role during surgery, however, due to individual differences and complex physiological mechanisms, the prediction of anesthetic drug dosage has always been a challenging problem. In this study, we propose a model for predicting the dosage of anesthetic drugs based on deep learning to help anesthesiologists better control their dosage during surgical procedures.

Methods: We design a model based on the artificial neural network to predict the dosage of preoperative anesthetic, and use the SELU activation function and the loss function for weighted regularization to solve the problem of unbalanced sample.

Effect of Dietary Protein Intake from Different Sources on Maternal and Umbilical Cord Plasma Amino Acid Levels.

Scope: To assess the associations of dietary protein intake from different sources during pregnancy with maternal and umbilical cord plasma amino acid levels.

Methods And Results: The study includes 216 pregnant women and 39 newborns from the Tongji Birth Cohort in Wuhan, China. The study examines the levels of 21 amino acids in maternal and cord plasma samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Effects of traditional Chinese exercise therapy on pain scores, sleep quality, and anxiety-depression symptoms in fibromyalgia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of traditional Chinese exercise therapy in alleviating pain, improving sleep quality, and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression among fibromyalgia patients.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across various databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge, VIP database, and Wanfang, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the impact of Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) interventions on fibromyalgia. Two independent authors extracted data from the selected studies based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Metabolism and elimination kinetics of mono-hydroxylated PAHs metabolites following single exposure to different combinations of PAH4 in rats.

The metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the elimination kinetics of their mono-hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) following single exposure to different combinations of four PAHs (PAH4) were studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally exposed to a single dose of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) or PAH2 (B[a]P + chrysene), PAH3 (B[a]P + chrysene + benz[a]anthracene), and PAH4 (B[a]P + chrysene + B[a]A + benzo[b]fluoranthene) with each combination adjusted to the same dose of individual compound. OH-PAHs including 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, 3-hydroxychrysene, 3-hydroxybenz[a]anthracene, and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) were detected in serum and urine samples collected at six intervals over a 72-h period post-dosing.

Integration of proteomics and network toxicology reveals the mechanism of mercury chloride induced hepatotoxicity, in mice and HepG2 cells.

Mercury is one heavy metal toxin that could cause severe health impairments. Mercury exposure has become a global environmental issue. Mercury chloride (HgCl) is one of mercury's main chemical forms, but it lacks detailed hepatotoxicity data.

Separation and structural elucidation of a novel vardenafil analogue as an adulterant in a natural health care dietary supplement.

A novel vardenafil analogue was identified in dietary supplement as an adulterant in herbal formulations. The structure of this analogue was elucidated using HRMS, NMR after extraction from the pulverized powder. It was named morphardenafil as a morpholine ring has replaced the -ethyl piperazine ring in vardenafil.

Optimal starting age of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Although endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer has been performed in high-risk areas in China for decades, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the starting age for individuals participating in screening. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal starting age of esophageal cancer screening.

Methods: This study is based on a multicenter prospective cohort consisting 338,017 permanent residents aged 40-69 years in six high-risk areas of esophageal cancer in China.

Hawthorn or semen cassiae-alleviated high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in rats the reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Hepatic steatosis is a common pathological change of liver that manifests as abnormal lipid accumulation. Epidemiological findings support that diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are mostly accompanied by the development of hepatic steatosis. By screening the disease targets of several traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with lipid-reducing effects (hawthorn, semen cassiae, .

Awareness of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors among Wuhan residents.

Background: Nutrition and health knowledge play a crucial role in promoting healthy dietary behaviors, and have been found to be related to sociodemographic characteristics. However, the existing evidence is limited and inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the awareness level of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors among Wuhan residents, and to provide scientific basis for carrying out targeted nutrition education programmes.

Glioblastoma stem cell-specific histamine secretion drives pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment remodeling.

The communication between glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) and the surrounding microenvironment is a prominent feature accounting for the aggressive biology of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the mechanisms by which GSCs proactively drive interactions with microenvironment is not well understood. In this study, we interrogated metabolites that are preferentially secreted from GSCs and found that GSCs produce and secrete histamine to shape a pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment.

Metabolomics Analysis of Chronic Exposure to Dimethylarsenic Acid in Mice and Toxicity Assessment of Organic Arsenic in Food.

Dimethylarsenic acid is a natural organic arsenic in seafood and one of the important metabolites of inorganic arsenic, which is generally considered to have low or no toxicity. However, due to the controversy of the toxicity of organic arsenic, the food safety standard of organic arsenic has not been established until now, and the effects of organic arsenic on chronic toxicity and the overall metabolic level of animals are rarely reported. In our study, 64 female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to different concentrations of dimethylarsenic acid with water intake.

The effects of Tai Chi on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The research aims to evaluate effects of the Tai Chi exercise therapy on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature were undertaken.

Methods: Seven electronic resource databases were scanned to collect eligible studies.

The Endogenous Metabolite Glycerophosphocholine Promotes Longevity and Fitness in .

Metabolism and aging are closely connected. The choline derivative glycerophosphocholine (GPC), an important precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, plays important roles in brain and nervous system function. Although it has been reported to alleviate cognitive decline in aged mice, whether GPC could promote longevity and other fitness factors remains unclear.

Dietary patterns and severity of symptom with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions in China: a multicenter cross-sectional latent class analysis.

Background: Dietary patterns and symptoms research among Chinese with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its precursor lesions is limited, especially as it relates to multiple food consumption and multiple co-occurring symptoms. The aim of our study was to identify the dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions, and develop a risk prediction model for different stages of esophageal disease.

Methods: We analyzed data from a multicenter cross-sectional study carried out in ESCC high incidence areas between 2017 and 2018, which included 34,707 individuals aged 40-69 years.