Utilizing multimodal artificial intelligence to advance cardiovascular diseases.

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming cardiovascular medicine. Initially, AI applications concentrated on analyzing single data types, such as electrocardiograms and imaging studies. However, advancements in multimodal AI have now enabled the integration of diverse data sources, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of patient health and predictive accuracy of disease outcomes.

The Strategies Microalgae Adopt to Counteract the Toxic Effect of Heavy Metals.

Besides biomass production, some microalgae have been used to treat wastewater contamination. However, in general, high concentrations of heavy metals significantly inhibit algal growth. We thus need to find ways to promote the resistance of microalgae to heavy metals, increase their growth rate under stress, and achieve coupling of heavy metal removal and biomass production simultaneously.

Discriminating Tumor Deposits From Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Rectal Cancer: A Pilot Study Utilizing Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in differentiating tumor deposits (TDs) from metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) in rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 patients with rectal cancer, including 168 lesions (70 TDs and 98 MLNs confirmed by histopathology), who underwent pretreatment MRI and subsequent surgery between March 2019 and December 2022. The morphological characteristics of TDs and MLNs, along with quantitative parameters derived from DCE-MRI (, , and ) and DWI (ADC, ADC, and ADC), were analyzed and compared between the two groups.

Copper excess induces autophagy dysfunction and mitochondrial ROS-ferroptosis progression, inhibits cellular biosynthesis of milk protein and lipid in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Excessive copper (Cu) has the potential risk to ecosystems and organism health, with its impact on dairy cow mammary glands being not well-defined. This study used a bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) model to explore how copper excess affects cellular oxidative stress, autophagy, ferroptosis, and protein and lipid biosynthesis in milk. Results showed the increased intracellular ROS, MDA, and CAT (P < 0.

Does preeclampsia impact the gut microbiota of preterm offspring during early infancy?

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage. This study investigates the differences in the gut microbiota between preterm neonates born to mothers with PE and those born to mothers without PE (PR), aiming to understand how maternal health conditions like PE influence neonatal gut microbiota. The early gut microbiota plays a crucial role in neonatal health, and disturbances in its development can have long-term consequences.

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Alleviates Programmed Cell Death in Two Species Under Cadmium Stress.

Previous studies have demonstrated that γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) effectively alleviates heavy metal stresses by maintaining the redox balance and reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, little is known about the role of GABA on programmed cell death (PCD) under Cd treatments in plants. The present study investigated the effects of GABA on Cd-induced PCD in two species, oilseed rape (, ), and black mustard (, ).

[Impacts of freeze-thaw process on soil microbial nutrient limitation in slope farmlands of the Chinese Mollisol region].

Understanding the impacts of freeze-thaw action on soil microbial nutrient limitation can provide important support for sustainable utilization of black soil resources. We analyzed the impacts of freeze-thaw action on soil microbial nutrient limitation on a slope farmland located in a typical thick Mollisol region of Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province. We examined the responses of soil microbial nutrient limitation to soil erosion rates through measuring soil nutrient, soil microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities before and after freeze-thaw under natural conditions, and estimated the soil erosion rates by Cs tracing technology.

Application of T1-mapping combined with high-spatial-resolution T2-weighted imaging in discriminating mucinous from nonmucinous adenocarcinoma in rectal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of T1-mapping, high-spatial-resolution T2-weighted imaging (HR-T2WI), and their combined model in distinguishing between adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (AC) and mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) in rectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 55 patients with pathologically confirmed AC and 37 patients with MC were included in the study. Two radiologists independently reviewed the HR-T2WI and provided assessments of histopathological type.

Association Between Red Cell Distribution Width and Liver Injury after Cardiac and Aortic Aneurysm Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative red blood cell distribution width (RDW) levels and liver injury (LI) after cardiac surgery, to highlight RDW's usefulness in the early identification and intervention for patients at high risk of LI.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Setting: A university-affiliated teaching hospital and tertiary referral center.

Health outcomes of COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China 3-year after hospital discharge: a cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in health outcomes between years 2 and 3 after discharge following COVID-19 and to identify risk factors for poor health 3-year post-discharge.

Design: This is a multicentre observational cohort study.

Setting: This study was conducted in two centres from Wuhan, China.

The incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of acute kidney injury in patients after cardiac surgery.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a significant complication following cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Despite its clinical importance, there is a lack of universally applicable and reliable methods for the early identification and diagnosis of AKI. This study aimed to examine the incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate the prognosis of patients with AKI.

Identification and bioactivity evaluation of ring-opening and lactone forms of enterolactone from sheep fed flaxseed cake.

The previously undescribed lactone ring-opening enterolactone and its sulphate were purified along with the lactone counterparts from the urine of dairy sheep fed flaxseed cake. The structures were determined by NMR and MS analyses. The ring-opening and lactone forms underwent mutual transformation with changes in pH and milk could protect the lactone form.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 cross-react with human muscle cells and neuroglial cells.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines protect the public and limit viral spread. However, inactivated viral vaccines use the whole virus particle, which contains many non-capsid proteins that may cause adverse immune responses. A report has found that the ADP-ribose-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) and human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14 (PARP14) share a significant degree of homology.

Singlet oxygen induces cell wall thickening and stomatal density reducing by transcriptome reprogramming.

Singlet oxygen (O) has a very short half-life of 10 s; however, it is a strong oxidant that causes growth arrest and necrotic lesions on plants. Its signaling pathway remains largely unknown. The Arabidopsis flu (fluorescent) mutant accumulates a high level of O and shows drastic changes in nuclear gene expression.

Anti-osteoporosis effects of mammalian lignans and their precursors from flaxseed and safflower seed using zebrafish model.

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and tracheloside (TCL) are the main lignan components of flaxseed cake and safflower seed cake, which are by-products of oil extraction. Both SDG and TCL are metabolized into mammalian lignan enterolactone (EL) with the involvement of intestinal bacteria. In this research, we evaluated the anti-osteoporosis effects of SDG and the in vivo metabolites EL and enterodiol (ED) prepared in our previous work, as well as the newly isolated chemical constituents from safflower seed, including TCL, the lactone ring opening product of TCL (OTCL) and two alkaloids on the alloxan-induced zebrafish model.

MRI-detected tumor deposits in cT3 and cT4 rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: To evaluate the identification of tumor deposits (TDs) and the prognostic significance of an MRI tumor regression grade for TDs in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

Methods: Ninety-one patients with cT3 or cT4 rectal cancer who underwent surgery following nCRT between August 2014 and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Changes in pre-nCRT MRI-detected TDs (mrTDs) were described as mrTD regression grade.

Role of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in predicting severe acute radiation-induced rectal injury in patients with rectal cancer.

Objectives: To explore the potential of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) quantitative parameters in predicting severe acute radiation-induced rectal injury (RRI) in rectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 49 patients with rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and rectal MRI including a DCE-MRI sequence from November 2014 to March 2021. Two radiologists independently measured DCE-MRI quantitative parameters, including the forward volume transfer constant (K), rate constant (k), fractional extravascular extracellular space volume (v), and the thickness of the rectal wall farthest away from the tumor.

Banxia-Houpu decoction inhibits iron overload and chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Banxia-Houpu decoction (BHD), a renowned prescription documented in the Chinese medical book "The Synopsis of the Golden Chamber," has been proven to effectively mitigate inflammation within the central nervous system. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of BHD in ameliorating symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms and comprehensive effects of BHD on central system injury in OSA models have not been fully investigated.

6-Methyl flavone inhibits Nogo-B expression and improves high fructose diet-induced liver injury in mice.

Excessive fructose consumption increases hepatic de novo lipogenesis, resulting in cellular stress, inflammation and liver injury. Nogo-B is a resident protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that regulates its structure and function. Hepatic Nogo-B is a key protein in glycolipid metabolism, and inhibition of Nogo-B has protective effects against metabolic syndrome, thus small molecules that inhibit Nogo-B have therapeutic benefits for glycolipid metabolism disorders.

[Effect of the Process of Returning Farmland to Forest in the Loess Hilly Area on Soil Fungal Communities].

The conversion of farmland to forest significantly affects soil bacterial communities in the Loess Plateau. However, how soil fungal communities respond to the conversion of farmland to forest is not very clear in this region. To illustrate the problem, the loess hilly area located in Jiajiayao, Youyu County, Shanxi Province was taken as the study area, and soil from farmland (growing corn and millet) and artificial forest (growing sea buckthorn and Caragana) were sampled.

Lactose and Galactose Promote the Crystallization of Human Galectin-10.

Galectin-10 (Gal-10) forms Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs), which play a key role in the symptoms of asthma and allergies and some other diseases. Gal-10 has a carbohydrate-binding site; however, neither the Gal-10 dimer nor the CLCs can bind sugars. To investigate the monomer-dimer equilibrium of Gal-10, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) was employed to separate serial dilutions of Gal-10 with and without carbohydrates.

Huperzine A-Liposomes Efficiently Improve Neural Injury in the Hippocampus of Mice with Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia.

Background: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) could cause neuronal damage, accelerating the progression of dementia. However, safe and effective therapeutic drugs and delivery are needed for successful CIH therapy.

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Huperzine A (HuA) packaged with nanoliposomes (HuA-LIP) on neuronal damage induced by CIH.

Molecular characterization, expression and function analysis of Epinephelus coioides PKC-ɑ response to Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) infection.

Protein kinase C (PKC) constitutes the main signal transduction pathway, and participates in the signal pathway of cell proliferation and movement in mammals. In this study, PKC-ɑ was obtained from Epinephelus coioides, an important marine fish cultivated in the coastal areas of southern China and Southeast Asia. The full length cDNA of PKC-ɑ was 3362 bp in length containing a 23 bp 5'UTR, a 1719 bp 3'UTR, and a 1620 bp open reading frame encoding 539 amino acids.