A narrative review focusing on randomized clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation for COVID-19 disease.

Current evidence is inconsistent on whether vitamin D supplementation can prevent COVID-19 infection or improve its clinical outcomes. To better understand and look into the issue, we went through the background knowledge of COVID-19 and vitamin D, searched in Pubmed [by using key words in the title containing "randomized clinical trial", "COVID-19", and "vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, or cholecalciferol, or calcidiol, or calcifediol) supplementation"] for publications of studies on vitamin D/supplementation in COVID-19 patients, especially those about the randomized clinical trials (RCTs). After reviewing these papers, we did a short background review of vitamin D and the pathophysiology of COVID-19, summarized the key features of the 25 RCTs in text and tabulated in a table of some of the features, commented, compared and discussed the differences between RCTs (for example, change the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration from nmol/L to ng/mL, making the comparison easier).

Identification and genomic analyses of a ST25 strain associated with the first human septicemia in mainland China.

() is a Gram-positive bacterium and the main culprit behind zoonotic outbreaks, posing a serious threat to public health. The prevalent strains in China are mainly of sequence types (ST) 1 and 7, with few cases of human infections caused by other sequence type being reported. This study presents the first isolation of a ST25 strain from the blood of a septicemic patient.

Pannonibacter tanglangensis sp. nov., a New Species Isolated from Pond Sediment.

Two bacterial strains (XCT-34 and XCT-53) isolated from sediment samples of an artificial freshwater reservoir were analyzed using a polyphasic approach. The two isolates are aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, motile with polar flagella, rod-shaped, and approximately 1.4-3.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from faeces from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Six aerobic or facultative anaerobic, motile, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative strains (zg-Y453, zg-Y324, zg-Y462, zg-Y411, zg-Y809 and zg-Y786) were isolated from different faecal samples of from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Pale yellow, round, raised and moist colonies appeared 48 h after incubation at 28 °C on brain-heart infusion plates supplemented with 5 % defibrinated sheep blood. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment, two strain pairs (zg-Y453/zg-Y324 and zg-Y462/zg-Y411) shared the highest similarities to (99.

sp. nov. and sp. nov. isolated from .

Four Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria (lx-72, lx-45, ZJ784 and ZJ955) were isolated from the respiratory tract or faeces of marmot () from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all strains belong to the genus and are more related to CCUG 64069 (95.1-97.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from bat faeces.

Four mesophilic actinobacteria (HY002, HY442, HY366 and HY285) isolated from the faeces of bats collected in southern China were found to be strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, oxidase-negative, Gram-stain-positive and catalase-positive. Strains HY002 and HY366 contained -diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and MK-9(H) the sole respiratory quinone. Arabinose, galactose and ribose were detected in the whole-cell hydrolysates of both type strains.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from the intestinal contents of .

Six Gram-stain-positive, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, catalase-positive, urease- and oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria (zg-ZUI157/zg-ZUI40, zg-ZUI222/zg-ZUI199 and zg-ZUI188/ zg-ZUI168) were characterized by a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth of the six strains was observed at pH 7.0 and 28 °C.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Six Gram-stain-positive, aerobic and irregular-rod-shaped actinobacteria (ZJ1313, ZJ1307, MC1495, Y192, 603 and X2025) were isolated from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China and were characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic method. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the six new strains formed three distinct clusters within the genus , and strains ZJ1313 and ZJ1307 were most closely related to JCM 31492 (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, 98.0 %), MC1495 and Y192 to 78 (98.

Phenotypic and genomic characteristics of Brevibacterium zhoupengii sp. nov., a novel halotolerant actinomycete isolated from bat feces.

Two strictly aerobic, Gram-staining-positive, non-spore-forming, regular rod-shaped (approximately 0.7 × 1.9 mm) bacteria (HY170 and HY001) were isolated from bat feces collected from Chongzuo city, Guangxi province (22°20'54″N, 106°49'20″E, July 2011) and Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province (25°09'10″N, 102°04'39″E, October 2013) of South China, respectively.

Flaviflexus equikiangi sp. nov. isolated from faeces of Equus kiang (Tibetan wild ass) and carrying a class 1 integron gene cassette in its genome.

Two Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, cocci-shaped strains (dk850 and JY899) were isolated from the feces of Equus kiang in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strains dk850 and JY899 belong to the genus Flaviflexus, closest to F. salsibiostraticola KCTC 33148, F.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of the First Inhibitors of Oncogenic CHD1L.

Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1 like (CHD1L) is an oncogene implicated in tumor progression, multidrug resistance, and metastasis in many types of cancer. In this article, we described the optimization of the first lead CHD1L inhibitors (CHD1Li) through drug design and medicinal chemistry. More than 30 CHD1Li were synthesized and evaluated using a variety of colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor organoid models and functional assays.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., new members in the genus .

Four novel bacterial strains (zg-ZUI122/zg-ZUI10 and zg-ZUI227/zg-ZUI100) were isolated from the intestinal contents of and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells were Gram-stain- and catalase-positive, urease- and oxidase-negative. Strains grew optimally at 28-30 °C, pH 7.

Morphological and genomic characteristics of two novel halotolerant actinomycetes, Tomitella gaofuii sp. nov. and Tomitella fengzijianii sp. nov. isolated from bat faeces.

Four white-pigmented, Gram-staining-positive, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, irregular rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from the faeces of bats collected from Guangxi autonomous region (22°20'54″N, 106°49'20″E; July 28, 2011) and Chongqing city (30°02'15″N, 107°07'4″E; September 1, 2011) of South China. The strains shared 99.3-99.

Changpingibacter yushuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from fluvial sediment in Qinghai Tibet Plateau of China.

Two facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, unknown bacterial strains (JY-X040 and JY-X174) were isolated from fluvial sediments of Tongtian River in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, China. Cells formed translucent, gray, round and convex colonies, with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm after 5 days of incubation at 30°C on brain heart infusion-5% sheep blood agar.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two new rapidly growing mycobacterial species.

Four bacterial strains (LJ126/S18 and Z-34/S20) recovered from faecal samples of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China were analysed using a polyphasic approach. All four isolates were aerobic, short rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, acid-fast and fast-growing. Phylogenetic analyses based upon 16S rRNA and whole-genome sequences showed that the two pair of strains formed two distinct branches within the evolutionary radiation of the genus .

sp. nov. isolated from trachea of , sp. nov. and sp. nov. from human faeces.

Six novel facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-haemolytic bacteria (zg-320/zg-336, zg-917/zg-910 and zg-913/zg-915) isolated from animal tissues and human faeces were found to belong to the genus based on the phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene and 262 core genes set. Based on the greatest degree of 16S rRNA similarity, zg-320/zg-336 had the highest 16S rRNA gene similarity to DSM 44353 (97.51 %), zg-917/zg-910 to DSM 44184 (98.

Isolation and characterization of tick-borne Roseomonas haemaphysalidis sp. nov. and rodent-borne Roseomonas marmotae sp. nov.

Four novel Gram-negative, mesophilic, aerobic, motile, and cocci-shaped strains were isolated from tick samples (strains 546 and 573) and respiratory tracts of marmots (strains 1318 and 1311). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strains 546 and 573 were 97.8% identical to Roseomonas wenyumeiae Z23, whereas strains 1311 and 1318 were 98.

Identification of sp. nov. and sp. nov., two novel species of the family isolated from faeces of bats (.).

Two pairs of aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped strains (HY164/HY044, HY168/HY211) were isolated from bat faecal samples. Strains HY164 and HY044 were motile with a polar flagellum, and had 16S rRNA gene similarity of 95.1-98.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Tibetan antelope () and leaves of dandelion (), respectively, on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

In the present study, four bacterial strains, two (S-713 and 406) isolated from faecal samples of Tibetan antelopes and the other two (S-531 and 1598) from leaves of dandelion collected on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China, were analysed using a polyphasic approach. All four isolates were aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, oxidase-negative, Gram-stain-positive and catalase-positive. According to four phylogenetic trees, strain pairs S-713/406 and S-531/1598 form two independent branches belonging to the genus , and are closest to , , , , and .

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from Tibetan Plateau wildlife.

Four mesophilic and Gram-stain-positive strains (zg-686/zg-691 and HY186/HY189) isolated from Tibetan Plateau wildlife (PR China) belong to the genus according to 16S rRNA gene and genomic sequence-based phylogenetic/genomic results. They have a DNA G+C content range of 67.4-68.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two new members of the family .

Four obligatory anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile and rod-shaped organisms (HF-1365, HF-1362, HF-1101 and HF-4214) were isolated from faecal samples of healthy Chinese subjects. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that these isolates belong to the genera (strains HF-1365 and HF-1362) and (strains HF-1101 and HF-4214), closest to (both 98.6 %) and (98.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from bat faeces of and species.

Four aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped bacteria (HY60, HY54, HY82 and HY89) were isolated from bat faeces of and species collected in PR China. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the four novel strains formed two separate but adjacent subclades close to CGMCC 1.12260 (97.

sp. nov., isolated from the respiratory tract of , and sp. nov., isolated from the lung tissue of .

Four Gram-stain-positive, non-motile and asporous bacilli (strains ZJ-599, ZJ-621, MC1420 and MC1482), isolated from animal tissue and environmental samples collected on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, PR China, were taxonomically characterized. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, the closest relatives of strains ZJ-599 and ZJ-621 were LMM-1653 (97.5 %), M408/89/1 (96.