Observation of *NH Intermediates by In Situ Electrochemical SERS: New Pathway of Ammonia Oxidation on High-Durability PtIr Catalysts.

The electrochemical ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) is a cornerstone technology for sustainable on-site hydrogen production and clean energy conversion. While Pt-based alloys such as PtIr have emerged as promising AOR electrocatalysts to address the rapid deactivation of pure Pt systems, the atomic-level mechanisms governing their superior stability remain unresolved. Here, we employ in situ electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to directly track the evolution of intermediates on Pt and PtIr catalysts during the AOR.

Organelle-targeted small molecular photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy: a minireview for recent advances and potential applications.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach for cancer treatment that involves the use of photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species upon light irradiation, resulting in selective cytotoxicity. To enhance the efficiency of PDT, researchers have developed organelle-targeting photosensitizers that specifically accumulate in critical cellular organelles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the development of organelle-targeting photosensitizers for PDT.

Quantitative study on whole brain volume in patients with obstructive sleep apnea based on synthetic magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To apply SyMRI to quantify whole brain volume changes in patients with varying degrees of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: A total of 49 untreated adult patients diagnosed with OSA via polysomnography (PSG) at our hospital were included in this study. Among these patients, 21 were categorized into the mild-to-moderate OSA group, and 28 into the severe OSA group.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study of Key Intermediates in Electrochemical Ammonia Decomposition.

Ammonia is an alternative hydrogen storage material and a promising source of sustainable clean energy. The lack of a mechanistic understanding of ammonia electrooxidation hinders the efforts to overcome the slow kinetics of the anode reaction in direct ammonia fuel cells. Herein, we use surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to study the electro-decomposition of ammonia on the Au surface.

Genetic insight into the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and infection.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of infection (CDI). Herein, we aimed to determine if genetic risk contributes to this observed association. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis in the Michigan Genomics Initiative and the United Kingdom Biobank for CDI based on ICD codes and meta-analyzed these results with similar publicly accessible GWAS summary statistics from Finngen.

Monitoring Hot Holes in Plasmonic Catalysis on Silver Nanoparticles by Using an Ion Label.

Energetic carriers generated by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) provide an efficient way to drive chemical reactions. However, their dynamics and impact on surface reactions remain unknown due to the challenge in observing hot holes. This makes it difficult to correlate the reduction and oxidation half-reactions involving hot electrons and holes, respectively.

Predictive Study of Machine Learning-Based Multiparametric MRI Radiomics Nomogram for Perineural Invasion in Rectal Cancer: A Pilot Study.

This study aimed to establish and validate the efficacy of a nomogram model, synthesized through the integration of multi-parametric magnetic resonance radiomics and clinical risk factors, for forecasting perineural invasion in rectal cancer. We retrospectively collected data from 108 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between April 2019 and August 2023. This dataset was subsequently divided into training and validation sets following a ratio of 7:3.

Efficient C(sp)-H Bond Oxidation on Perovskite Quantum Dots Based on Ce-Oxygen Affinity.

Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have shown attractive prospects in the field of visible photocatalysis, especially in the synthesis of high value-added chemicals. However, under aerobic conditions, the stable operation of QD catalysts has been limited by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by photoexcitation, especially superoxide species O⋅. Here, we propose a strategy of Ce doping in perovskite QDs to guide superoxide species for photocatalytic oxidation reactions.

Enhanced bone regeneration by osteoinductive and angiogenic zein/whitlockite composite scaffolds loaded with levofloxacin.

Promoting angiogenesis following biomaterial implantation is essential to bone tissue regeneration. Herein, the composite scaffolds composed of zein, whitlockite (WH), and levofloxacin (LEVO) were fabricated to augment bone repair by facilitating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. First, three-dimensional composite scaffolds containing zein and WH were prepared using the salt-leaching method.

Biomimetic wafer-scale alignment of tellurium nanowires for high-mobility flexible and stretchable electronics.

Flexible and stretchable thin-film transistors (TFTs) are crucial in skin-like electronics for wearable and implantable applications. Such electronics are usually constrained in performance owing to a lack of high-mobility and stretchable semiconducting channels. Tellurium, a rising semiconductor with superior charge carrier mobilities, has been limited by its intrinsic brittleness and anisotropy.

Differences in intracranial atherosclerosis plaque between posterior circulation and anterior circulation on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The clinical characteristics and mechanisms of stroke caused by anterior circulation atherosclerotic plaques (ACAPs) and posterior circulation atherosclerotic plaques (PCAPs) are distinct. We aimed to compare the differences in vulnerability, morphology, and distribution between ACAPs and PCAPs based on hign-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI).

Materials And Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang database were retrieved from inception through May 2023.

Enhancing Plasmonic Hot Electron Energy on Ag Surface by Amine Coordination.

Plasmonic catalysis has emerged as a promising approach to solar-chemical energy conversion. Notably, hot carriers play a decisive role in plasmonic catalysis since only when their energy matches with the LUMO or HOMO energy of the reactant molecule, can the reaction be activated. However, the hot carrier energy depends on the intrinsic physicochemical properties of the plasmonic metal substrate and the interaction with incident light.

Comprehensive genetic study of the insulin resistance marker TG:HDL-C in the UK Biobank.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a well-established risk factor for metabolic disease. The ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) is a surrogate marker of IR. We conducted a genome-wide association study of the TG:HDL-C ratio in 402,398 Europeans within the UK Biobank.

R644C associates with hepatic steatosis in a large cohort and increases cellular lipid droplet accumulation .

The R644C variant of lamin A is controversial, as it has been linked to multiple phenotypes in familial studies, but has also been identified in apparently healthy volunteers. Here we present data from a large midwestern US cohort showing that this variant associates genetically with hepatic steatosis, and with related traits in additional publicly available datasets, while testing demonstrated that this variant increased cellular lipid droplet accumulation. Taken together, these data support this variant's potential pathogenicity in lipodystrophy and metabolic liver disease.

The relationship between sleep apnoea and the risk of dementia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: To systematically analyse the relationship between sleep apnoea and the risk of dementia and assess the methodological quality of the most recent research evidence.

Material And Methods: The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for relevant studies. We analysed hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio values corresponding to random-effects models and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

A double-gain theranostic nanoplatform based on self-supplying HO nanocomposites for synergistic chemodynamic/gas therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) based on hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to suppress tumor cells is a promising strategy due to its efficacy and safety. Nevertheless, in tumor cells, CDT still faces challenges such as insufficient •OH and weak killing effect of tumor cells under physiological conditions due to inadequate amounts of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (HO) and heightened glutathione expression. These challenges limit the therapeutic potential of CDT.

A common variant that alters SUN1 degradation associates with hepatic steatosis and metabolic traits in multiple cohorts.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its progressive form steatohepatitis (NASH), represent a genetically and phenotypically diverse entity for which there is no approved therapy, making it imperative to define the spectrum of pathways contributing to its pathogenesis. Rare variants in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins cause lipodystrophy with early-onset NAFLD/NASH; we hypothesized that common variants in nuclear envelope-related genes might also contribute to hepatic steatosis and NAFLD.

Methods: Using hepatic steatosis as the outcome of interest, we performed an association meta-analysis of nuclear envelope-related coding variants in three large discovery cohorts (N >120,000 participants), followed by phenotype association studies in large validation cohorts (N >600,000) and functional testing of the top steatosis-associated variant in cell culture.

Light inhibition of hydrogenation reactions on Au-Pd nanocoronals as plasmonic switcher in catalysis.

Light, as a powerful energy source, has motivated the many endeavors of chemists in photochemical transformations. We were delighted to find that light has an inhibition effect on hydrogenation reactions. Exploring this previously unperceived effect will bring renewed understanding of interactions of light and matter.

PNPLA3 Genotype and Diabetes Identify Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease at High Risk of Incident Cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation, but whether genetic variants influence the rate of progression to cirrhosis or are useful in risk stratification among patients with NAFLD is uncertain.

Methods: We included participants from 2 independent cohorts, they Michigan Genomics Initiative (MGI) and UK Biobank (UKBB), who had NAFLD defined by elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the absence of alternative chronic liver disease. The primary predictors were genetic variants and metabolic comorbidities associated with cirrhosis.