The coordination of melatonin and anti-bacterial activity by EIL5 underlies ethylene-induced disease resistance in cassava.

Ethylene and melatonin are widely involved in plant development and environmental stress responses. However, the role of their direct relationship in the immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remain elusive. Here, we found that Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.

Longitudinal Variations of CDC42 in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke During 3-Year Period: Correlation With CD4 T Cells, Disease Severity, and Prognosis.

Objective: Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) modulates CD4 T-cell differentiation, blood lipids, and neuronal apoptosis and is involved in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, the clinical role of CDC42 in AIS remains unanswered. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CDC42 in a 3-year follow-up and its correlation with disease severity, T helper (Th)1/2/17 cells, and the prognosis in patients with AIS.

Methods: Blood CDC42 was detected in 143 patients with AIS at multiple time points during the 3-year follow-up period and in 70 controls at admission by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Reassessing the interpretation of oxidation-reduction potential in male infertility.

Unlabelled: Male Infertility Oxidative System (MiOXSYS) has been proposed as a rapid and promising technology for the evaluation of sperm oxidative stress. In this case-control study, 134 men with normal sperm parameters (NSP) and 574 men with abnormal sperm parameters (ASP), according to the World Health Organization sperm assessment references values established in 2010, were enrolled. Conventional sperm parameters were evaluated in all patients.

PP2C1 fine-tunes melatonin biosynthesis and phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1 binding to melatonin in cassava.

Melatonin is an important molecule in both animals and plants, regulating circadian rhythms and stress responses. Therefore, the improvement of melatonin accumulation not only strengthens the function of melatonin but also improves stress resistance in crops. Although melatonin biosynthetic enzymes have been identified through reverse genetics previously, an investigation of melatonin level-related genes through forward genetics in plants has yet to be performed.

Maternal Dietary Betaine Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders and Gut Microbiota Alterations in Mouse Dams and Offspring From Young to Adult.

Early life is a critical window for preventing the intergenerational transmission of metabolic diseases. Betaine has been proven to play a role in improving glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in animal models. However, whether maternal betaine supplementation plays a role in regulating gut microbiota in both dams and offspring remains unclear.

Endothelial cell-specific deletion of a microRNA accelerates atherosclerosis.

Background And Aims: Chronic vascular endothelial inflammation predisposes to atherosclerosis; however, the cell-autonomous roles for endothelial-expressing microRNAs (miRNAs) are poorly understood in this process. MiR-181b is expressed in several cellular constituents relevant to lesion formation. The aim of this study is to examine the role of genetic deficiency of the miR-181b locus in endothelial cells during atherogenesis.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Affect Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common autoimmune disease, is characterized by symmetrical synovial inflammation of multiple joints with the infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells and increased cytokines (CKs) levels. In the past few years, numerous studies have indicated that several factors could affect RA, such as mutations in susceptibility genes, epigenetic modifications, age, and race. Recently, environmental factors, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have attracted increasing attention in RA pathogenesis.

Lenvatinib Plus Camrelizumab vs. Lenvatinib Monotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Combining an antiangiogenic agent with an anti-PD-1 agent is a promising strategy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Aims: To explore the effectiveness and tolerability of lenvatinib plus camrelizumab vs. lenvatinib monotherapy as a first-line treatment for unresectable HCC.

Biomimetic Cucurbitacin B-Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Researchers have found that the combined use of multiple methods to treat tumors is a promising strategy. Here, we have developed a biomimetic nano-platform PDA@MB for tumor targeted photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with chemotherapy.

Liquid Crystal-Based Organosilicone Elastomers with Supreme Mechanical Adaptability.

Elastomers with supreme mechanical adaptability where the increasing stress under continuous deformation is significantly inhibited within a large deformation zone, are highly desired in many areas, such as artificial muscles, flexible and wearable electronics, and soft artificial-intelligence robots. Such system comprises the advantages of recoverable elasticity and internal compensation to external mechanical work. To obtain elastomer with supreme mechanical adaptability, a novel liquid crystal-based organosilicon elastomer (LCMQ) is developed in this work, which takes the advantages of reversible strain-induced phase transition of liquid crystal units in polymer matrix and the recoverable nano-sized fillers.

The Validation of a Single Multiplex Typing System With 45 Y-STR Markers for Familial Searching and Database Construction.

The Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) is an effective forensic tool in familial searches and patrilineal relationship evaluation. However, currently available Y-STR panels often lack sufficient discriminatory power to resolve genetic relationships between distant relatives or within patrilocal populations. This study aims to establish a novel Y-STR amplification system for forensic casework analysis and database construction, which contains 44 slowly and moderately mutating and one rapidly mutating Y-STR.

Hyperglycemia induces miR-26-5p down-regulation to overexpress PFKFB3 and accelerate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most deadly malignancies with high morbidity worldwide. Cancer cells exhibited higher level of glucose catabolism than normal cells to meet the needs for rapid growth. Emerging evidences indicated that hyperglycemia has positive effects on the progression of tumor.

A nigra-subthalamic circuit is involved in acute and chronic pain states.

The basal ganglia modulate somatosensory pain pathways, but it is unclear whether a common circuit exists to mitigate hyperalgesia in pain states induced by peripheral nociceptive stimuli. As a key output nucleus of the basal ganglia, the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) may be a candidate for this role. To test this possibility, we optogenetically modulated SNr GABAergic neurons and examined pain thresholds in freely behaving male mice in inflammatory and neuropathic pain states as well as comorbid depression in chronic pain.

Essential oil components in the seed masses of Amomum xanthioides and its related species from Southeast Asia and China.

Previously, to develop an objective identification method for Amomi Semen (AS), the nucleotide sequences of nrDNA ITS region and two cpDNA regions of nine Amomum taxa specimens from Southeast Asia and China were determined, and the generated phylogenetic tree showed six taxa specimens were divided into four groups. In this study, 51 crude drug samples of AS in Japanese markets were classified into four groups or species based on their ITS sequences. Approximately 67% of samples were derived from A.

Application of drug-coated balloons for intracranial atherosclerosis disease: a systematic review.

Background: Although percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) was an effective and safe alternative treatment for severe intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD), the high rate of restenosis remained a major issue for this endovascular procedure. Recently, the application of drug-coated balloons (DCB) in ICAD was developed to reduce restenosis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DCB angioplasty for ICAD.

Yi Shen Juan Bi Pill Regulates the Bone Immune Microenvironment the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway .

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by an impaired articular bone immune microenvironment, which is associated with regulatory T cells (Tregs) hypofunction and osteoclasts (OCs) hyperfunction and leads to articular bone erosion and systemic bone loss. Studies have shown that Tregs slow bone loss in RA by regulating the bone resorption function of OCs and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway can regulate the immunosuppressive function of Tregs and reduce the bone erosion function of OCs. Yi Shen Juan Bi Pill (YSJB) is a classic Chinese herbal compound for the treatment of RA.

Hypoxia-Related Gene-Based Signature Can Evaluate the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predict the Prognosis of Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients.

Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common gastrointestinal tumor and often occurs in the left colon with a poor prognosis. The progression of COAD is closely related to the tumor microenvironment, especially the hypoxia. Currently, few studies have reported the correlation between hypoxia-related genes and the prognosis of COAD patients.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bone homeostasis.

Prolonged exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may result in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis (OP), which are based on an imbalance in bone homeostasis. These diseases are characterized by bone erosion and even a disruption in homeostasis, including in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Current evidence indicates that multiple factors affect the progression of bone homeostasis, such as genetic susceptibility and epigenetic modifications.

-Induced Cognitive Impairment Is Associated With Gut Dysbiosis, Neuroinflammation, and Glymphatic Dysfunction.

Background: Periodontal pathogen and gut microbiota are closely associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (Pg), the keystone periodontal pathogen, can induce cognitive impairment. The gut has a connection and communication with the brain, which is an important aspect of the gut-brain axis (GBA).

Underwater Target Signal Classification Using the Hybrid Routing Neural Network.

In signal analysis and processing, underwater target recognition (UTR) is one of the most important technologies. Simply and quickly identify target types using conventional methods in underwater acoustic conditions is quite a challenging task. The problem can be conveniently handled by a deep learning network (DLN), which yields better classification results than conventional methods.

Differential modulation of subthalamic projection neurons by short-term and long-term electrical stimulation in physiological and parkinsonian conditions.

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is one of the best targets for therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS) to control motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. However, the precise circuitry underlying the effects of STN-DBS remains unclear. To understand how electrical stimulation affects STN projection neurons, we used a retrograde viral vector (AAV-retro-hSyn-eGFP) to label STN neurons projecting to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) (STN-SNr neurons) or the globus pallidus interna (GPi) (STN-GPi neurons) in mice, and performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from these projection neurons in ex vivo brain slices.

Effects of SPARCL1 on the proliferation and differentiation of sheep preadipocytes.

Important candidate genes that regulate lipid metabolism have the potential to increase the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) and improve meat quality. () is a secreted glycoprotein with important physiological functions and is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of various cells. However, the role of the gene in sheep preadipocytes and its regulatory mechanism is still unclear.

Intrauterine Administration of Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Intrauterine Insemination: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intrauterine administration of activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) on intrauterine insemination (IUI) success rates.

Methods: This prospective double-blind randomized parallel clinical trial included 213 patients undergoing IUI at the Fertilys clinic. PBMC were isolated on the day of ovulation (day 0; D0) and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for 48 hours (day 2; D2).