Screening and validation of stable housekeeping genes in lung organoids and rat lung models under tobacco exposure.

In recent years, with the increasing severity of air pollution and environmental degradation, research on lung-related diseases has become more intensive. Lung organoids, as 3D culture models, can simulate the local microenvironment and physiological functions of lung tissue and are widely used in studies on the development and mechanisms of lung-related diseases. However, the precise application of lung organoids is still in the developmental stage, particularly regarding the screening and validation of stable housekeeping genes in lung organoids, which remains unclear.

The Cox Model With Adaptive Fused Group Bridge Penalty to Incorporate Historical Data Into the Analysis of Clinical Trials With an Application to BMT CTN 1101.

The incorporation of historical data (HD) into a clinical trial analysis can improve the precision and efficiency of treatment evaluation if the HD are exchangeable with clinical trial data. Evaluating the exchangeability of these two data sets is challenging, however, as an incorrect assessment of exchangeability yields invalid inference on the treatment effect that may produce bias and inflate the Type I error rate. To address this practical problem, we propose an adaptive fused group bridge penalty to evaluate the comparability of parameters between HD and clinical trial data and make inferences on the treatment effect.

Efficacy and safety of commercially available cosmetic perioperative skincare products for non-invasive energy-based device treatment: a single-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Photoelectric therapies (or non-invasive energy-based device treatment), especially picosecond lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) treatments, are widely used to manage various cutaneous conditions, including pigmentation, inflammation, and signs of aging. However, these treatments can also impair the integrity of the skin barrier, making post-treatment repair of skin barrier function essential to maintain perioperative curative effects. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Eucerin® UltraSensitive Soothing Care Gel (GEL) and co-use of GEL and Eucerin® UltraSensitive Repair Intensive Source Serum (CO-USE) during the perioperative procedure.

Circular-wrapped integration interference suppression-based channel estimation for WDM PDM CO-GFDM systems.

Due to the non-orthogonality of the generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) modulation system, the fiber channel introduces intrinsic interference to the coherent optical GFDM (CO-GFDM), which significantly degrades the system performance. In the state of the art, there has been no detailed analysis of this intrinsic interference for CO-GFDM. Recent works have reported simulation studies and experimental demonstrations of CO-GFDM.

An Efficient Estimation Method for Additive Subdistribution Hazards Model With Left-Truncated Competing Risks Data Under the Case-Cohort Study Design.

The case-cohort study design provides a cost-effective approach for large cohort studies with competing risks outcomes. The additive subdistribution hazards model assesses direct covariate effects on cumulative incidence when investigating risk differences among different groups instead of relative risk. The presence of left truncation, which commonly occurs in biomedical studies, introduces additional complexities to the analysis.

Texture features-guided image reconstruction kernel method forF-FDG delayed PET imaging.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a crucial imaging technology that is widely used for cancer staging and treatment response assessment. Delayed PET imaging (or dual-time-point imaging) involves a second PET acquisition step approximately 33 min after the initial scan in this study, providing more dynamic biological information, improving lesion detectability, and allowing patients to rest during the scan. However, with increasing time, the number of photons in the second scan decreases, which raises the difficulty of the second PET image reconstruction process.

Emergent Plants Improve Nitrogen Uptake Rates by Regulating the Activity of Nitrogen Assimilation Enzymes.

Effectively utilizing aquatic plants to absorb nitrogen from water bodies and convert it into organic nitrogen via nitrogen assimilation enzyme activity reduces water nitrogen concentrations. This serves as a critical strategy for mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution in the Yellow River Basin However, emergent plants' rate and mechanism of uptake of different forms of nitrogen remain unclear. This study determined the nitrogen uptake rates, nitrogen assimilation activities, root properties, and photosynthetic parameters of four emergent plants, , , , and , under five NH/NO ratios (9:1, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 1:9) using N hydroponic simulations.

Correlation Between Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of NHANES 2011-2020.

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome with high incidence and mortality rates is a prevalent health issue globally. The Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF), as a new index for valuating visceral adipose tissue, has been reported to be closely related to a variety of diseases. However, whether the METS-VF can be an indicator to predict the risk of CKM syndrome remains unclear.

A Commensurate Prior Model With Random Effects for Survival and Competing Risk Outcomes to Accommodate Historical Controls.

Clinical trials (CTs) often suffer from small sample sizes due to limited budgets and patient enrollment challenges. Using historical data for the CT data analysis may boost statistical power and reduce the required sample size. Existing methods on borrowing information from historical data with right-censored outcomes did not consider matching between historical data and CT data to reduce the heterogeneity.

Competing risks regression for clustered data with covariate-dependent censoring.

Competing risks data in clinical trial or observational studies often suffer from cluster effects such as center effects and matched pairs design. The proportional subdistribution hazards (PSH) model is one of the most widely used methods for competing risks data analyses. However, the current literature on the PSH model for clustered competing risks data is limited to covariate-independent censoring and the unstratified model.

Learning soft tissue deformation from incremental simulations.

Background: Surgical planning for orthognathic procedures demands swift and accurate biomechanical modeling of facial soft tissues. Efficient simulations are vital in the clinical pipeline, as surgeons may iterate through multiple plans. Biomechanical simulations typically use the finite element method (FEM).

Loss of GATAD1 in cardiomyocyte does not cause cardiomyopathy in mice.

GATA zinc finger domain containing 1 (GATAD1) is an as-yet uncharacterized zinc finger domain protein, which was initially identified as a histone 3 trimethylated at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) interactor. A recessive mutation in GATAD1 is associated with adult-onset dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure, suggesting that GATAD1 is critical for maintaining normal cardiac structure and function. However, little is known as to the specific role of GATAD1 in cardiomyocytes.

Human Papillomavirus Infection and Autoimmune Diseases: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Although earlier observational studies have revealed a connection between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and several autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the exact causative mechanism underlying this association is still unknown.

Methods: This two-sample bidirectional MR study was conducted based on publicly released data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Our results were mainly derived from the inverse variance weighted (IVW) model, with the remaining three models also being calculated.

Kindlin-2 Phase Separation in Response to Flow Controls Vascular Stability.

Background: Atheroprotective shear stress preserves endothelial barrier function, while atheroprone shear stress enhances endothelial permeability. Yet, the underlying mechanisms through which distinct flow patterns regulate EC integrity remain to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of Kindlin-2, a key component of focal adhesion and endothelial adherens junctions crucial for regulating endothelial cell (EC) integrity and vascular stability.

Hydraulic traits exert greater limitations on tree-level maximum sap flux density than photosynthetic ability: Global evidence.

Transpiration is a key process that couples the land-atmosphere exchange of water and carbon, and its maximum water transport ability affects plant productivity. Functional traits significantly influence the maximum transpiration rate; however, which factor plays the dominant role remains unknown. SAPFLUXNET dataset, which includes sap flux density of diverse species worldwide, provides fundamental data to test the importance of photosynthetic and hydraulic traits on maximum tree-level sap flux density (J).

Outcomes of frail patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

In patients with multiple myeloma (MM) not-eligible for autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT), a simplified frailty index (SFI) identifies frail patients at risk for poor outcomes, but data are limited for transplant-eligible patients. In this registry-based retrospective study, we used an adapted version of the SFI to determine the prevalence of frailty in patients ≥65 years of age with MM undergoing autoHCT. Out of 5563 patients, 37.

Maternal supplementation of egg yolk modulates brain functional organization and functional outcomes of offspring.

Maternal nutrition during the perinatal stage is critical to offspring brain development. Egg yolks are a balanced and nutrient-dense food that is rich in bioactive components crucial to optimal neurodevelopment early in life. Egg consumption is often recommended to pregnant women to enhance both maternal and fetal health.

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant brain development: role of gut microbiome.

Perinatal stage represents a critical period for brain development. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preferentially accumulated in the brain that may benefit neurodevelopment. Microbial colonization and maturation parallel with the rapid development of infant metabolic and brain function that may influence the effects of DHA on neurological development.

Workplace Violence and Burnout among Health Workers Two Years after the COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan, China: The Chain Mediation Effect of Sleep Disturbance and Work Ability.

Background: Health workers (HWs) faced considerable psychosocial hazards during the COVID-19 pandemic, which profoundly affected their occupational health and job performance. The potential indirect relationship between workplace violence (WPV) and burnout among HWs needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study is to examine the chain mediating effects of sleep disturbance and work ability in the relationship between WPV and burnout among HWs.

The essential role of MED27 in stabilizing the mediator complex for cardiac development and function.

Aim: Transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a crucial role in orchestrating complex morphogenetic and molecular events during heart development and function. Mediator complex is an essential multi-subunit protein complex that governs gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Although Mediator subunits (MEDs) work integrally in the complex, individual MED component displays specialized functions.

Large Language Models Diagnose Facial Deformity.

Purpose: This study examines the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in diagnosing jaw deformities, aiming to overcome the limitations of various diagnostic methods by harnessing the advanced capabilities of LLMs for enhanced data interpretation. The goal is to provide tools that simplify complex data analysis and make diagnostic processes more accessible and intuitive for clinical practitioners.

Methods: An experiment involving patients with jaw deformities was conducted, where cephalometric measurements (SNB Angle, Facial Angle, Mandibular Unit Length) were converted into text for LLM analysis.

Application value of real-time shear wave elastography in the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of venous thrombosis.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs is a venous reflux disorder caused by abnormal coagulation of blood components, primarily characterised by swelling and pain in the lower limbs. Key risk factors include prolonged immobility due to bed rest, pregnancy, postpartum or postoperative states, traumas, malignant tumours and long-term contraceptive use.

Objective: To investigate the application of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in diagnosing lower-limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Dietary linoleic acid supplementation fails to rescue established cardiomyopathy in Barth syndrome.

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a mitochondrial lipid disorder caused by mutations in (), required for cardiolipin (CL) remodeling. Cardiomyopathy is a major clinical feature, with no curative therapy. Linoleic acid (LA) supplementation is proposed to ameliorate BTHS cardiomyopathy by enhancing linoleoyl group incorporation into CL.