Silk-Based Dura Mater Substitutes Featuring Tunable Tissue Integration and Anti-Infective Properties for Neurosurgical Applications.

Dural closure with a replacement is a crucial procedure in neurosurgery. Conventional dura mater substitutes derived from collagen often exhibit low mechanical strength and strong adhesion to the brain tissue, leading to complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage, brain adhesion, and intracranial infection. Silk fibroin extracted from silkworms () can be used as an ideal substitute for dura mater with excellent histocompatibility, degradability, and tunable mechanical strength.

BMSCs-targeting piezoelectric stimulation and immunomodulatory dual-functional hydrogel for promoting diabetic bone regeneration.

Bone regeneration in diabetic patients poses a significant clinical challenge due to persistent hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, which disrupt the crucial interaction between the immune microenvironment and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thereby impairing osteogenesis. To address this limitation, ultrasonic-responsive barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles were coated with BMSC membranes (B-TNs) and subsequently integrated into a carboxylated modified silk fibroin (CMS) hydrogel. This resulted in a dual-functional B-TNs@CMS composite hydrogel designed to combine targeted BMSC stimulation with immunomodulatory properties.

Super-expandable dual-crosslinking all-cellulose sponge: a physical and chemical solution for hemostasis in severe hemorrhage.

Uncontrolled hemorrhages pose severe threats to life, especially in the case of deep cavity wounds. To address these challenges, we developed an injectable and super-expandable all-cellulose based sponge by dual-crosslinking of needle-leaf pulp fiber (Pulp) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) through a double pore generation strategy. When addressing severe hemorrhage, Pulp-CMC sponge with high porosity can rapidly expand to ∼3900 % of itself in height, applying extra physical pressure to the wounds to stop bleeding, which is highest expansion ratio that ever reported in hemostasis materials.

Targeted Delivery of α-ketoglutarate to Macrophages in Bone: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Improving Fracture Healing in Type 2 Diabetes.

Impaired fracture healing is a common complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with limited effective treatments. This study investigates the role of macrophages in bone repair and introduces a novel therapeutic strategy. Reduced glutaminase (GLS) expression and glutaminolysis are found in macrophages from T2DM mice and monocytes from T2DM patients.

Engineered macrophage-derived exosomes click chemistry for the treatment of osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis is a severe bone condition caused by bacterial infection that can lead to lifelong disabilities or fatal sepsis. Given that the infection is persistent and penetrates deep into the bone tissue, targeting and rapidly treating osteomyelitis remain a significant challenge. Herein, a triblock targeting peptide featuring ROS-cleavable linkage/antibacterial/bone-targeting unit was grafted onto the macrophage-derived exosomes (RAB-EXO).

Influence of Water Injection Pressure and Method on Oil Recovery of Water Injection Huff and Puff in Tight Volcanic Oil Reservoirs.

The water injection huff and puff (WIHP) technology is regarded as one of the important means to improve the recovery factor (RF) of tight volcanic oil reservoirs (TVORs), but the influence of water injection pressure (WIP) and water injection method (WIM) on the oil recovery effect of WIHP has been rarely reported. In this paper, we first collected the real full-diameter cores from a TVOR and then simulated the distribution characteristics of fractures and matrix pores after hydraulic fracturing of the reservoir through the combination and cutting of the cores. Finally, we used the large-sized physical simulation device for tight oil WIHP that can bear high temperature and high pressure and a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument to conduct experiments of five cycles of constant pressure WIHP (CWIHP) with WIPs of 25, 32.

The Law and Mechanism of the Sample Size Effect of Imbibition Oil Recovery of Tight Sedimentary Tuff.

Imbibition is an important mechanism to improve the recovery factor (RF) of a tight oil reservoir. Accurately evaluating the oil production capacity of tight oil reservoirs by imbibition is of great significance for the formulation of oilfield production plans and productivity prediction. However, there is currently no unified regulation on the selection of rock sample size in tight oil reservoir imbibition evaluation experiments, resulting in great differences in reservoir imbibition oil production capacity obtained from rock samples of different sizes, which brings great challenges to the efficient development of tight oil reservoirs.

Effect of Urolithin A on Bone Repair in Mice with Bone Defects.

Background: Bone defect difficult to manage clinically and it is a big challenge to repair it. Secondary metabolites source from herb has shown potential for the treatment of bone defect.

Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from mice and incubated with urolithin A (UA) (10, 25, and 50 µg/mL).

Pore Structure and Movable Fluid Characteristics of Typical Sedimentary Lithofacies in a Tight Conglomerate Reservoir, Mahu Depression, Northwest China.

The pore structure and movable fluid characteristics of tight conglomerate reservoirs are complex, which are greatly different from conventional reservoirs. The depositional mechanism is the fundamental factor controlling the physical properties of conglomerate reservoirs. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the pore structure and movable fluid characteristics of conglomerate reservoirs with typical sedimentary facies.

Integrin α5β1 promotes BMCs mobilization and differentiation to exacerbate choroidal neovascularization.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is an acknowledged pathogenic mechanism of various ocular diseases, and in situ cells and mobilized bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) are thought to participate in this process. We aimed to evaluate the roles of integrin α5 in BMCs and vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in the CNV process mediated by SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling. Adult wild-type mice were engrafted with whole BMCs obtained from GFP transgenic mice and then laser injured to induce CNV.

Self-seeding circulating tumor cells promote the proliferation and metastasis of human osteosarcoma by upregulating interleukin-8.

Most circulating tumor cells (CTCs) die during the process of metastasis, but self-seeding CTCs can invade the primary tumor or form clinically meaningful metastases. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of self-seeding CTCs to promote osteosarcoma growth and lung metastasis and to clarify the specific role of interleukin (IL)-8 in CTC self-seeding. We successfully isolated and cultured self-seeding CTCs through a self-seeding nude mouse model established using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled F5M2 cells and found that self-seeding CTCs exhibit increased cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, increased tumor growth and lung metastasis in mice, and increased IL-8 expression.

miR-640 aggravates intervertebral disc degeneration via NF-κB and WNT signalling pathway.

Objectives: Low back pain becomes a common orthopaedic disease today. It is mainly induced by the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. In this study, we tried to reveal the pathogenesis of the degeneration and the relative therapeutic strategy, which are still elusive.