The Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Recurrent Lupus Nephritis Post-Transplant Using Surveillance and Indication Biopsies.

Introduction: The incidence of recurrent lupus nephritis (RLN) after kidney transplantation (KTx) varies with higher rates of RLN reported in surveillance biopsy-based studies (vs. clinically indicated biopsies).

Methods: We present a multisite retrospective study evaluating surveillance and clinically indicated biopsies in 209 first KTx recipients who had native lupus disease.

Evaluating the efficacy of basiliximab versus no induction in low-immunological-risk kidney transplant recipients: a propensity score matched analysis.

Background: The optimal use of induction therapy in low-immunological-risk kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) remains uncertain. While Basiliximab (BSX) is widely utilized, its comparative outcomes with no induction therapy require further evaluation.

Method: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 182 low-immunological-risk KTRs who underwent transplantation between January 2022 and March 2023.

Similar incidence of graft glomerulonephritis in recipients with definitively diagnosed glomerulonephritis and those with unknown etiology: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: In China, most of the patients who underwent kidney transplants have unknown causes of end-stage renal disease (uESRD). However, little is known regarding the incidence of graft glomerulonephritis (GN) and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with uESRD.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 473 of the 565 KTRs who underwent kidney transplantation (KTx) from 2015 to 2020 were included.

Phase-Change Based Oxygen Carriers Improve Acute Cerebral Hypoxia.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and hypoxia is a major crisis of the brain after stroke. Therefore, providing oxygen to the brain microenvironment can effectively protect neurons from damage caused by cerebral hypoxia. However, there is a lack of timely and effective means of oxygen delivery clinically to the brain for acute cerebral hypoxia.

Significance of Arterial Spin Labeling for Reducing Biopsies in Patients With Kidney Allograft Dysfunction.

Background: Although biopsy is often entailed for managing patients with kidney allograft dysfunction, it is associated with potential complications of severe hemorrhage. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive technique that assesses tissue perfusion.

Purpose: To assess the utility of ASL for the discrimination of patients with post-transplant allograft dysfunction who do not need biopsy from those who need.

Cytosolic perfluorocarbon delivery to platelets via albumin for antithrombotic therapy.

Thrombosis is a major contributor to global disease burden. Antiplatelet therapy is the critical approach to prevent thrombosis by reducing platelet reactivity. However, classical antiplatelet strategies generally interfere with platelet integrin αβ-mediated platelet activation, thereby facing severe bleeding risk.

Perfusion and oxygenation in allografts with transplant renal artery stenosis: Evaluation with functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) has been shown to reduce kidney perfusion leading to post-operative hypertension. We aimed to measure the perfusion and oxygenation changes in TRAS with arterial spin labeling (ASL) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging, respectively.

Methods: In this single-center prospective study, a total of seven patients with TRAS and seven age- and sex-matched normal kidney transplant recipients underwent both ASL and BOLD imaging.

Controlling the quantity of γ-Fe inside multiwall carbon nano-onions: the key role of sulfur.

One of the most interesting structural features of multiwall carbon onions (MWCNOs) and nanotubes (MWCNTs) is the excellent chemical stability, which allows encapsulation of chosen magnetic materials of interest and multifunctional applications. In this letter, we present an innovative chemical vapour synthesis (CVS) approach, in which the inclusion of small quantities of sulfur during the pyrolysis of ferrocene/dichlorobenzene mixtures allows for an important control in the relative abundance of FCC γ-Fe, up to a maximum value of ∼86.5% (structural- and phase-control).

Poor outcomes of proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits in renal allografts: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits (PGNMID) in renal allografts is a rare, renal-limited disease. No study has reported the long-term outcomes and prognostic features of PGNMID in renal allografts in the Chinese population.

Methods: We retrospectively included transplant patients diagnosed with PGNMID who underwent renal allograft biopsy at three transplant centers from April 2012 to July 2020.

De novo systemic atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in an ABO-incompatible living kidney transplant recipient with a novel pathogenic CFHR1 gene mutation successfully treated with eculizumab: a case report.

De novo systemic atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) post-kidney transplant is an uncommon entity associated with unfavorable outcome. We herein report a case of systemic and fulminant de novo aHUS accompanied by heart and respiratory failure in a 48-year-old male receiving ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplant who was successfully treated with the anti-C5 monoclonal antibody eculizumab with complete recovery of allograft function. Genetic testing demonstrated a novel pathogenic heterozygous complement factor H-related 1 gene mutation in both the donor and the recipient.

Early graft loss due to acute thrombotic microangiopathy accompanied by complement gene variants in living-related kidney transplantation: case series report.

Background: Recently, early graft loss has become very rare in living-related kidney transplantation (LKT) as a result of decreased risk of hyperacute rejection and improvements in immunosuppressive regimens. Post-transplant acute thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a rare, multi-factorial disease that often occurs shortly after kidney transplantation and is usually resistant to treatment with dismal renal outcomes. The complement genetic variants may accelerate the development of TMA.

Time-dependent cardiac structural and functional changes after kidney transplantation: a multi-parametric cardiac magnetic resonance study.

Objectives: To map time-dependent cardiac structural and functional change patterns after renal transplantation (KT) using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods: Fifty-three patients with pre-KT and post-KT CMR exams were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups according to the time of post-KT CMR: group 1 (3 months post-KT, n = 16), group 2 (6 months post-KT, n = 21), and group 3 (over 9 months post-KT, n = 16).

Conversion from mycophenolate mofetil to mizoribine in the early stages of BK polyomavirus infection could improve kidney allograft prognosis: a single-center study from China.

Background: Some studies have suggested mizoribine (MZR) could inhibit the replication of BK polyomavirus (BKPyV). The purpose of this study was to explore whether conversion from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to MZR in the early stages of BKPyV infection can improve kidney allograft prognosis.

Methods: Twenty-one kidney transplant recipients with BKPyV viruria/viremia and ten with BK polyomavirus-associated allograft nephropathy (BKPyVAN) received MZR conversion therapy were retrospectively identified.

Generation and Characterization of Mouse Models of C3 Glomerulonephritis With CFI D288G and P467S Mutations.

C3 glomerulopathy (C3GP) is a disease entity caused by abnormality of the complement alternative pathway (AP) and characterized by C3 deposition in glomeruli. Many variations or mutations of complement factors are believed to underlie the susceptibility to C3GP, but there is a lack of experimental evidence. We have recently reported a patient with C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) and compound heterozygosity of two novel variations in the complement factor (CFI).

Detection of renal allograft fibrosis with MRI: arterial spin labeling outperforms reduced field-of-view IVIM.

Objective: To compare the value of reduced field-of-view (FOV) intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) for assessing renal allograft fibrosis and predicting long-term dysfunction.

Methods: This prospective study included 175 renal transplant recipients undergoing reduced FOV IVIM DWI, ASL, and biopsies. Renal allograft fibrosis was categorized into ci0, ci1, ci2, and ci3 fibrosis according to biopsy results.

Is the level of HLA eplet mismatch a risk factor for graft loss among kidney transplant recipients who have already formed de novo donor specific antibody?

Eplet mismatches are associated with de novo DSA (dnDSA) and antibody mediated rejection (ABMR) among the general kidney transplant population. However, it is unclear whether the level of eplet mismatch can be used for risk stratification among patients with dnDSA. We performed a retrospective observational study of kidney transplant recipients with dnDSA (n = 44) transplanted between 10/2007 and 5/2014 to evaluate eplet mismatch as a risk factor for ABMR and allograft loss among dnDSA patients.

Orderly aligned manganese-based nanotube arrays with controllable secondary structures.

By combining a hard template with a dynamic negative template, orderly aligned micrometer-length manganese nanotubes (Mn-NTs) decorated with nanopores on their walls as the secondary structure are successfully grown by electrodeposition in aqueous solution. These nanopores were characterized and analyzed statistically. It is found that these nanopores evolve along the growth direction of the Mn-NTs and their morphology is well controlled by the deposition potential.

Effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lung damage in severe COVID-19 patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.

Treatment of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging. We performed a phase 2 trial to assess the efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) to treat severe COVID-19 patients with lung damage, based on our phase 1 data. In this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial, we recruited 101 severe COVID-19 patients with lung damage.

Early detection of subclinical pathology in patients with stable kidney graft function by arterial spin labeling.

Objectives: To evaluate the utility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) for the identification of kidney allografts with underlying pathologies, particularly those with stable graft function.

Methods: A total of 75 patients, including 18 stable grafts with normal histology (normal group), 21 stable grafts with biopsy-proven pathology (subclinical pathology group), and 36 with unstable graft function (unstable graft group), were prospectively examined by ASL magnetic resonance imaging. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to calculate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity.

A study from The Mayo Clinic evaluated long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis.

Longer survival using modern therapies has increased the number of patients with immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis receiving kidney transplantation. We evaluated 60 patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis who underwent kidney transplantation based on their hematologic response for outcomes of death, graft failure, and complications. Patient hematologic responses (light-chain in blood or urine) prior to kidney transplantation were three patients had no response, five had a partial response, six had a very good partial response, 37 had a complete response, and nine were treatment-naive patients (never treated for this disorder).

Coronavirus disease 2019 in renal transplant recipients: Report of two cases.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic worldwide. The data about COVID-19 in renal transplant recipient are deficiency. Herein, we report two COVID-19 cases in renal transplant recipients.