A Novel Field Resistance Mechanism: Two Structural Variations in FgOs1 Confer Ultrahigh Fludioxonil Resistance in without Disrupting FgOs1 Transcription or Translation.

, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), reduces the wheat yield and quality. Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is registered in China for FHB control. In 2024, two structurally resistant variants in FgOs1 were identified from field isolates ZJ-44 and ZJ-78 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Novel point mutations M402V, M541I in the HAMP domain and L915M in the HATPase_c domain of FgOs1 confer differential resistance to fludioxonil in Fusarium graminearum.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, severely affects wheat yield and quality. Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is commonly used in the control of FHB. In this study, strains with histidine kinase amino acid substitutions (M402V, M541I, L915M), conferring resistance to fludioxonil, were identified in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

The transcription factor FgCreA modulates ergosterol biosynthesis and sensitivity to DMI fungicides by regulating transcription of FgCyp51A and FgErg6A in Fusarium graminearum.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a devastating disease that severely affects crop yield and quality worldwide. The catabolite responsive elements A (CreA) plays a critical role in numerous cellular processes in eukaryotes. In this study, we performed a functional characterization of CreA in F.

A Novel Point Mutation M460I in Histidine Kinase FgOs1 Confers High Resistance to Fludioxonil in .

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by , severely impacts global wheat production, reducing both the yield and quality. In China, fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is used for managing FHB. This study assessed fludioxonil activity against 120 strains collected from Hubei, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu in 2024, revealing an average EC value of 0.

One-pot method for preparation of capsaicin-containing double-network hydrogels for marine antifouling.

Marine biofouling which interferes with normal marine operation and also causes huge economic loss has become a worldwide problem. With the development of society, there is an urgent need to develop non-toxic and efficient anti-fouling strategies. Capsaicin is an environmentally friendly antifouling agent, but controlling the stable release of capsaicin from the coating is still a challenge to be solved.

In Situ SAXS Measurement and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Magnetic Alignment of Hexagonal LLC Nanostructures.

The alignment of nanostructures in materials such as lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) templated materials has the potential to significantly improve their performances. However, accurately characterising and quantifying the alignment of such fine structures remains very challenging. In situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and molecular dynamics were employed for the first time to understand the hexagonal LLC alignment process with magnetic nanoparticles under a magnetic field.

Impact of soil properties on the soil methane flux response to biochar addition: a meta-analysis.

In an effort to optimize soil management practices that can help mitigate terrestrial carbon emissions, biochar has been applied to a wide range of soil environments to examine its effect on soil greenhouse gas emissions. Such studies have shown that the soil methane (CH4) flux response can vary widely leading to both increase and decrease in CH4 flux upon biochar amendment. To address this discrepancy, multiple meta-analysis studies have been performed in recent years to determine the key factors that may control the direction of CH4 flux upon biochar treatment.

Assessing the impact of afforestation on soil organic C sequestration by means of sequential density fractionation.

Afforestation is a prevalent practice carried out for soil recovery and carbon sequestration. Improved understanding of the effects of afforestation on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and dynamics is necessary to identify the particular processes of soil organic matter (SOM) formation and/or decomposition that result from afforestation. To elucidate these mechanisms, we have used a sequential density fractionation technique to identify the transfer mechanisms of forest derived C to soil fractions and investigate the impact of afforestation on SOC sequestration.

Retention of the original LLC structure in a cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogel with reinforcement from a silica network.

Cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels with uniformly controlled nanoporous structures templated from hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) represent separation membrane materials with potentially high permeability and selectivity due to their high pore density and narrow pore size distribution. However, retaining LLC templated nanostructures is a challenge as the polymer gels are not strong enough to sustain the surface tension during the drying process. In the current study, cross-linked PEGDA gels were reinforced with a silica network synthesized via an in situ sol-gel method, which assists in the retention of the hexagonal LLC structure.

The improved resistance to high salinity induced by trehalose is associated with ionic regulation and osmotic adjustment in Catharanthus roseus.

The effects of exogenous trehalose (Tre) on salt tolerance of pharmaceutical plant Catharanthus roseus and the physiological mechanisms were both investigated in this study. The results showed that the supplement of Tre in saline condition (250 mM NaCl) largely alleviated the inhibitory effects of salinity on plant growth, namely biomass accumulation and total leaf area per plant. In this saline condition, the decreased level of relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic rate were also greatly rescued by exogenous Tre.

[Effect of different tillage managements on black humic fractions and IR spectral feature].

The present study was based on the long-term (10 years) field conservation tillage experiment, in which four tillage treatments were designed as following: Conventional tillage (CT) by moldboard plowing with ridge culture; Rotary tillage with ridge culture (RT); Alternant tillage by rotary on wide row and loosing on narrow row (WN); Rotary tillage plus deep loosing annually (RD). Humic acids were extracted from black soil profiles under these tillage managements. The elements visible spectra and FTIR of HA in black soil were analyzed.