Study on the mechanism of gracillin inhibiting the of lung cancer NCI-H1299 cells based on MAPK signaling pathway.

In this study, we investigated the potential of gracillin, a steroidal saponin compound, as an anticancer agent against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explored its impact on autophagy mechanisms. Gracillin significantly inhibited NCI-H1299 cell proliferation and induced autophagic cell death. Mechanistically, gracillin activated the MAPK signaling pathway, evidenced by increased p-ERK and decreased p-JNK levels, suggesting their roles in mediating autophagy induction.

Effects of solamargine in hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer: induction of ferroptosis and elimination of cancer stem cells.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality. Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with CRC. Solanum nigrum L.

Design and bioactivity evaluation of a novel autotaxin inhibitor with anti-hepatic fibrosis effects.

Autotaxin (ATX) is considered as a serum marker of hepatic fibrosis, which is positively correlated with the degree of hepatic fibrosis. However, there are no clinical studies on anti-hepatic fibrosis drugs targeting ATX. This study attempts to find novel ATX small molecule inhibitors based on virtual screening methods including two-dimensional similarity search, pharmacophore screening, molecular docking, drug-like properties and ADMET filtration, combined with biological evaluation.

Acetylation of H3K18 activated by p300 promotes osteogenesis in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) have garnered significant interest as a viable alternative source of stem cells for applications in bone tissue engineering due to their high and ease availability. At present, the limited studies on potential epigenetic regulatory mechanism in hAD-MSCs greatly hinders its clinical application in bone repair. Histone acetylation has been identified as a critical regulator of the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with increased levels of histone acetylation sites frequently correlating with enhanced osteogenic differentiation.

A novel fluorometric and colorimetric dual-mode sensor for AMI early diagnosis based on an ultrathin Fe-MOF-74 nanosheet with peroxidase mimic activity and fluorescence properties.

Background: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a crucial diagnosis biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Early accurate determination of the concentration of cTnI significantly decreases the death rate of AMI. Compared with classic methods, dual-mode sensors for cTnI determination could help reduce the false positive rate.

[Causes and prevention methods for peripheral nerve injury induced by acupoint injection].

This paper analyzed the causes of peripheral nerve injury induced by acupoint injection, and proposed methods for prevention. These methods included emphasizing the physicochemical properties of medications and strengthening research on medication compatibility, classifying high-risk acupoints and establishing international standards for safe acupoint needling, standardizing clinical procedures for acupoint injection, and incorporating ultrasound technology when necessary to improve the accuracy and safety of the procedure. These strategies aimed to reduce the risk associated with the clinical application of acupoint injection.

Methanogenic response of paddy soils exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles and sulfurized products.

The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agriculture is expanding, yet their effects on microbial ecology in flooded paddy soils remain unclear. This study examined the influence of ZnO NPs and their sulfide derivatives (S-ZnO NPs) on methane production in paddy soils. Results showed that ZnO NPs at a concentration of 1000 mg/kg significantly inhibited methane production by 28.

Dietary Capsaicin Exacerbates Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Mental Disorders in Type 1 Diabetes Mice.

: Diabetes mellitus is often accompanied by mental health complications, including anxiety, depression, and cognitive decline. Recent research suggested that capsaicin, the active component of chili peppers, may influence mental health. This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary capsaicin on mental disorders in a type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse model, while also exploring the potential involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Discovery of Highly Potent and Orally Bioavailable Histone Deacetylase 3 Inhibitors as Immunomodulators and Enhancers of DNA-Damage Response in Cancer Therapy.

Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is a well-established target for cancer therapy. Herein, we developed as a novel HDAC3 inhibitor, which exhibited high HDAC3 inhibitory activity (IC = 42 nM, SI > 161) and displayed potent antiproliferative activity against four cancer cells and further demonstrated excellent antimigratory, anti-invasive, and antiwound healing activities. Further studies revealed that induced a dose-dependent increase in Ac-H3 expression and promoted the degradation of PD-L1.

Decellularization of fish tissues for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

Decellularization is the process of obtaining acellular tissues with low immunogenic cellular components from animals or plants while maximizing the retention of the native extracellular matrix structure, mechanical integrity and bioactivity. The decellularized tissue obtained through the tissue decellularization technique retains the structure and bioactive components of its native tissue; it not only exhibits comparatively strong mechanical properties, low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility but also stimulates neovascularization at the implantation site and regulates the polarization process of recruited macrophages, thereby promoting the regeneration of damaged tissue. Consequently, many commercial products have been developed as promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of different tissue defects and lesions, such as wounds, dura, bone and cartilage defects, nerve injuries, myocardial infarction, urethral strictures, corneal blindness and other orthopedic applications.

Scalable fabrication of freely shapable 3D hierarchical Cu-doped hydroxyapatite scaffolds via rapid gelation for enhanced bone repair.

Critical-sized bone defects present a formidable challenge in tissue engineering, necessitating innovative approaches that integrate osteogenesis and angiogenesis for effective repair. Inspired by the hierarchical porous structure of natural bone, this study introduces a novel method for the scalable production of ultra-long, copper-doped hydroxyapatite (Cu-HAp) fibers, utilizing the rapid gelation properties of guar gum (GG) under controlled conditions. These fibers serve as foundational units to fabricate three-dimensional porous scaffolds with a biomimetic hierarchical architecture.

Exploring the mechanism of Suxin Hugan Fang in treating ulcerative colitis based on network pharmacology.

As a traditional Chinese medicine formula used in clinical practice for an extended period, Suxin-Hugan-Fang (SXHGF) exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory properties. However, the efficacy of SXHGF in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) and its mechanism of action are still unclear. In this study, the therapeutic effects of SXHGF on UC were evaluated using network pharmacology and experimental validation, while also investigating its mechanism of action.

Predicting the Bioaccessibility of Soil Cd, Pb, and As with Advanced Machine Learning for Continental-Scale Soil Environmental Criteria Determination in China.

Investigating the bioaccessibility of harmful inorganic elements in soil is crucial for understanding their behavior in the environment and accurately assessing the environmental risks associated with soil. Traditional batch experimental methods and linear models, however, are time-consuming and often fall short in precisely quantifying bioaccessibility. In this study, using 937 data points gathered from 56 journal articles, we developed machine learning models for three harmful inorganic elements, namely, Cd, Pb, and As.

Intracellularly Synthesized Artificial Exosome Treats Acute Lung Injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), induce high morbidity and mortality rates, which challenge the present approaches for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. The clinically used photosensitizer verteporfin (VER) exhibits great potential in the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) by regulating macrophage polarization and reducing inflammation. Nevertheless, its hydrophobic characteristics, nonspecificity, and constrained bioavailability hinder its therapeutic efficacy.

3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium Protects against Glutamate-induced Neuronal Injuries by Regulating NMDA Receptors.

Background: It was previously found that 3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium (DSS) exhibits protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI).

Aim: This study aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of DSS against ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this study, rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) were used as an in vivo model, whereas PC12 cells treated with glutamate alone and rat primary cortical neurons treated with the combination of glutamate and glycine were used as in vitro models.

Potentials of ribosomopathy gene as pharmaceutical targets for cancer treatment.

Ribosomopathies encompass a spectrum of disorders arising from impaired ribosome biogenesis and reduced functionality. Mutation or dysexpression of the genes that disturb any finely regulated steps of ribosome biogenesis can result in different types of ribosomopathies in clinic, collectively known as ribosomopathy genes. Emerging data suggest that ribosomopathy patients exhibit a significantly heightened susceptibility to cancer.

Hyaluronic acid modified nanocarriers for aerosolized delivery of verteporfin in the treatment of acute lung injury.

Verteporfin (VER), a photosensitizer used in macular degeneration therapy, has shown promise in controlling macrophage polarization and alleviating inflammation in acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, its hydrophobicity, limited bioavailability, and side effects hinder its therapeutic potential. In this study, we aimed to enhance the therapeutic potential of VER through pulmonary nebulized drug delivery for ALI/ARDS treatment.

Enhancement of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis for methane production by nano zero-valent iron in soils.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is attracting increasing attention as the most commonly used environmental remediation material. However, given the high surface area and strong reducing capabilities of nZVI, there is a lack of understanding regarding its effects on the complex anaerobic methane production process in flooded soils. To elucidate the mechanism of CH production in soil exposed to nZVI, paddy soil was collected and subjected to anaerobic culture under continuous flooding conditions, with various dosages of nZVI applied.

Harpagide inhibits the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in rat articular chondrocytes by the glycolytic pathways for alleviating osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) causes severe and functional dysfunction due to abnormal inflammation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Harpagide (HPG) on TNF-α-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. The effect of HPG on the proliferation of rat chondrocytes was studied.

Identification of the length and location of the A1 pulley combining palpation technique with palm landmarks: a cadaveric study.

Through anatomical morphology, to accumulate the relevant parameters of the A1 pulley of each adult finger. A total of 100 fingers were selected, dissected layer by layer, and the A1 pulley and neurovascular of each finger were observed. Measure the length of the A1 pulley, the distance between the needle knife insertion point and the proximal edge of A1 pulley, and the nerves and blood vessels on both sides.

Responses of methane production and methanogenic pathways to polystyrene nanoplastics exposure in paddy soil.

Nanoplastics (NPs) have attracted increasing attention within terrestrial ecosystems. However, our understanding of their impacts on the intricate anaerobic methanogenesis processes occurring in paddy soils microbial communities remains limited with respect to nanoplastics shape, function, and metabolic effects. Herein, we explored the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and microplastics (PS-MPs) on anaerobic methanogenesis in a typical paddy soil.