Association between cytokines and depressive symptoms in adolescents: gender and depressive symptom clusters specificity.

Background: Depressive disorders are prevalent in adolescents. Identifying the cytokines that are specifically associated with gender and symptom clusters in adolescent depressive disorders may help to advance personalized treatment.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) from January 2022 to April 2025, including 449 adolescents (aged 10-19) diagnosed with depressive disorders.

A P2X7 receptor antagonist alleviates PTSD-like behaviors in adolescent rats through gut microbiota modulation and hippocampal transcriptomic remodeling.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder that frequently manifests during adolescence, a critical neurodevelopmental period. Although the P2X7 receptor is implicated in the pathophysiology of PTSD, its role in adolescent-onset PTSD, particularly concerning gut microbiota dysbiosis and hippocampal transcriptomic alterations, remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of the P2X7 receptor antagonist Brilliant Blue G (BBG) on PTSD-like behaviors, gut microbiota, and hippocampal transcriptomic profiles in adolescent rats subjected to single prolonged stress and electric foot shock (SPS&S).

Dual-function lignin monomers enable high-performance graphene electrodes via interface confinement and proton transfer enhancement.

Graphene oxide (GO)-based energy storage faces dual bottlenecks: unsustainable reduction methods and sluggish proton transfer kinetics. Here, we introduce a groundbreaking green strategy using lignin-derived vanillyl alcohol (VA) as a dual-function monomer tosimultaneouslyaddress these challenges. By thermally annealing GO/VA films at mild temperatures (<100 °C), VA triggers an interface-confined reduction of GO while self-polymerizing into redox-active oligomers (P-VA) that intercalate between graphene layers.

Stabilization effects and mechanisms of lignin-based hydrogel-coated sulfide nano-zero-valent iron on lead and cadmium contamination in soil.

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is extensively employed in soil remediation due to its superior capacity for removing heavy metals, however, issues related to its agglomeration and oxidation hinder its practical application. Therefore, in this study, lignin-based hydrogel-coated nano ferric sulfide (BLS-nZVI@LH) was synthesized and evaluated for its stabilizing effect, underlying mechanism, and influence on the soil microenvironment and health risks. The results indicate that BLS-nZVI@LH significantly mitigated nZVI agglomeration and oxidation, thereby enhancing its reactivity.

Optimizing soil remediation with multi-functional L-PH hydrogel: Enhancing water retention and heavy metal stabilization in farmland soil.

Agricultural soils face severe challenges, including water scarcity and heavy metal contamination. Optimizing soil remediation efficiency while minimizing inputs is essential. This study assessed the water retention and heavy metal adsorption properties of L-PH hydrogel through aqueous experiments.

The protective effect of S-adenosylmethionine on chronic adolescent stress-induced depression-like behaviors by regulating gut microbiota.

The efficacy and tolerability of current antidepressants for adolescent depression are inadequate. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), known for its effectiveness and minimal side effects in adult depression, remains unstudied in adolescents. This study explored the potential of SAMe to address depression-like behaviors in juvenile rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), with a focus on gut microbiome interactions.

Electrochemical Hydrophobic Tri-layer Interface Rendered Mechanically Graded Solid Electrolyte Interface for Stable Zinc Metal Anode.

The aqueous zinc-ion battery is promising as grid scale energy storage device, but hindered by the instable electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, we report the lean-water ionic liquid electrolyte for aqueous zinc metal batteries. The lean-water ionic liquid electrolyte creates the hydrophobic tri-layer interface assembled by first two layers of hydrophobic OTF and EMIM and third layer of loosely attached water, beyond the classical Gouy-Chapman-Stern theory based electrochemical double layer.

Dynamic Behavior of Spatially Confined Sn Clusters and Its Application in Highly Efficient Sodium Storage with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency.

Advanced battery electrodes require a cautious design of microscale particles with built-in nanoscale features to exploit the advantages of both micro- and nano-particles relative to their performance attributes. Herein, the dynamic behavior of nanosized Sn clusters and their host pores in carbon nanofiber) during sodiation and desodiation is revealed using a state-of-the-art 3D electron microscopic reconstruction technique. For the first time, the anomalous expansion of Sn clusters after desodiation is observed owing to the aggregation of clusters/single atoms.

Fluoride-Rich, Organic-Inorganic Gradient Interphase Enabled by Sacrificial Solvation Shells for Reversible Zinc Metal Batteries.

Zinc metal batteries are strongly hindered by water corrosion, as solvated zinc ions would bring the active water molecules to the electrode/electrolyte interface constantly. Herein, we report a sacrificial solvation shell to repel active water molecules from the electrode/electrolyte interface and assist in forming a fluoride-rich, organic-inorganic gradient solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer. The simultaneous sacrificial process of methanol and Zn(CFSO) results in the gradient SEI layer with an organic-rich surface (CHOC- and C product) and an inorganic-rich (ZnF) bottom, which combines the merits of fast ion diffusion and high flexibility.

Ice-Crystal-Templated "Accordion-Like" Cellulose Nanofiber/MXene Composite Aerogels for Sensitive Wearable Pressure Sensors.

Exfoliated MXene nanosheets are integrated with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) to form composite aerogels with high electric conductivity. The combination of CNFs and MXene nanosheets forms a unique "accordion-like" hierarchical architecture with MXene-CNF pillared layers through ice-crystal templating. Benefiting from the special "layer-strut" structure, the MXene/CNF composite aerogels have low density (50 mg/cm), excellent compressibility and recoverability, as well as superior fatigue resistance (up to 1000 cycles).

Proton Storage in Metallic HMoO Nanobelts through the Grotthuss Mechanism.

The proton, as the cationic form of the lightest element-H, is regarded as most ideal charge carrier in "rocking chair" batteries. However, current research on proton batteries is still at its infancy, and they usually deliver low capacity and suffer from severe acidic corrosion. Herein, electrochemically activated metallic HMoO nanobelts are developed as a stable electrode for proton storage.

Advances in the Current Understanding of the Mechanisms Governing the Acquisition of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Despite aggressive treatment and androgen-deprivation therapy, most prostate cancer patients ultimately develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is associated with high mortality rates. However, the mechanisms governing the development of CRPC are poorly understood, and androgen receptor (AR) signaling has been shown to be important in CRPC through AR gene mutations, gene overexpression, co-regulatory factors, AR shear variants, and androgen resynthesis. A growing number of non-AR pathways have also been shown to influence the CRPC progression, including the Wnt and Hh pathways.

Cytoreductive prostatectomy improves survival outcomes in patients with oligometastases: a systematic meta-analysis.

Background: Whether cytoreductive prostatectomy (CRP) should be performed in patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer (OPC) remains controversial. The goal of this systematic meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of CRP as a treatment for OPC.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement.

Synergic Effect of Dendrite-Free and Zinc Gating in Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibers-MXene Layer Enabling Long-Cycle-Life Zinc Metal Batteries.

Uncontrollable zinc dendrite growth and parasitic reactions have greatly hindered the development of high energy and long life rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Herein, the synergic effect of a bifunctional lignin-containing cellulose nanofiber (LCNF)-MXene (LM) layer to stabilize the interface of zinc anode is reported. On one hand, the LCNF provides enough strength (43.

Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers made with microwave-aid green solvent treatment for magnetic fluid stabilization.

Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs), prepared from energy cane bagasse (ECB) using microwave-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent (MW-NADES) pretreatment combined with microfluidization, are utilized as stabilizing agents for magnetic particles (MNPs) in magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). The as-prepared LCNFs helped suspend negatively charged MNPs in MRFs effectively due to the presence of physically entangled network of LCNFs and the electrostatic repulsion between LCNFs and MNPs. Consequently, the presence of LCNFs increased the viscosity, yield stress and dynamic moduli of MRFs within the entire magnetic field range (0-1 T).

Material Optimization Engineering toward xLiFePO·yLiV(PO) Composites in Application-Oriented Li-Ion Batteries.

The development of LiFePO (LFP) in high-power energy storage devices is hampered by its slow Li-ion diffusion kinetics. Constructing the composite electrode materials with vanadium substitution is a scientific endeavor to boost LFP's power capacity. Herein, a series of xLiFePO·yLiV(PO) (xLFP·yLVP) composites were fabricated using a simple spray-drying approach.

MoN nanobelt cathodes for efficient hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cells with shaped biofilm microbiome.

High cost platinum (Pt) catalysts limit the application of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for hydrogen (H) production. Here, inexpensive and efficient MoN nanobelt cathodes were prepared using an ethanol method with minimized catalyst and binder loadings. The chronopotentiometry tests demonstrated that the MoN nanobelt cathodes had similar catalytic activities for H evolution compared to that of Pt/C (10 wt%).

Sulfur-Deficient Porous SnS Microflowers as Superior Anode for Alkaline Ion Batteries.

SnS as a high energy anode material has attracted extensive research interest recently. However, the fast capacity decay and low rate performance in alkaline-ion batteries associated with repeated volume variation and low electrical conductivity plague them from practical application. Herein, we propose a facile method to solve this problem by synthesizing porous SnS microflowers with in-situ formed sulfur vacancies.

Recent Progress on Zinc-Ion Rechargeable Batteries.

The increasing demands for environmentally friendly grid-scale electric energy storage devices with high energy density and low cost have stimulated the rapid development of various energy storage systems, due to the environmental pollution and energy crisis caused by traditional energy storage technologies. As one of the new and most promising alternative energy storage technologies, zinc-ion rechargeable batteries have recently received much attention owing to their high abundance of zinc in natural resources, intrinsic safety, and cost effectiveness, when compared with the popular, but unsafe and expensive lithium-ion batteries. In particular, the use of mild aqueous electrolytes in zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) demonstrates high potential for portable electronic applications and large-scale energy storage systems.

Interconnected Vertically Stacked 2D-MoS for Ultrastable Cycling of Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery.

A two-dimensional (2D) layer-structured material is often a high-capacity ionic storage material with fast ionic transport within the layers. This appears to be the case for nonconversion layer structure, such as graphite. However, this is not the case for conversion-type layered structure such as transition-metal sulfide, in which localized congestion of ionic species adjacent to the surface will induce localized conversion, leading to the blocking of the fast diffusion channels and fast capacity fading, which therefore constitutes one of the critical barriers for the application of transition-metal sulfide layered structure.