Ethnomedicinal documentation, phytochemical characterization, and biological evaluation of the traditional medicinal plants from Swat region of Pakistan.

Traditional medicinal plants are a primary source of natural products which are used for the prevention and treatment of various infections throughout the world. This study documents the ethnomedicinal investigation, phytochemical characterization, thin layer chromatographic (TLC) profiling and bioactivities of 17 traditionally used medicinal plants, belonging to 12 taxonomic families from the Swat region of Pakistan. The plants were collected after interviewing local ethnomedicinal knowledge holders, and confirmation of their effective use by the local population and available literature.

The anti-staphylococcal activity (planktonic and biofilm) of is due to benzoquinone, the oxidation product of hydroquinone.

Introduction: is used frequently in African traditional medicine for treating infectious diseases. Previous bioassay-guided purification has identified hydroquinone as the major bio-active compound in the aforementioned plant, responsible for its antibacterial activity against . While the phenol hydroquinone can be directly extracted from the plant, it may undergo (reversible) oxidation under mild conditions to yield benzoquinone, a compound with known antimicrobial activity against .

Cajaninstilbene Acid and Its Derivative as Multi-Therapeutic Agents: A Comprehensive Review.

Pigeon pea ( (L.) Millsp.) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant widely utilized in folk medicine due to its significant pharmacological and nutritional properties.

Three undescribed dihydrostilbene glycosides from leaves of Abel. And their anti-inflammatory activity.

Three previously unidentified dihydrostilbene glycosides, named oleiferaside A (), oleiferaside B (), and oleiferaside C (), were discovered through a phytochemical exploration on Abel. leaves. Additionally, nine known secondary metabolites () were also identified.

Compounds isolation from leaf extract against the species in shrimp through bioassay-guided fractionation.

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extract of leaf against species through a bioassay-guided fractionation. The ethanol extract was exposed to silica gel chromatography followed by reversed phase HPLC to isolate the most effective fraction against . Using further UHPLC-orbitrap-ion trap mass spectrometry, five compounds were isolated with broad-spectrum potency against a range of Vibrio species viz.

Compound isolation through bioassay-guided fractionation of Tectona grandis leaf extract against Vibrio pathogens in shrimp.

Tectona grandis Linn, commonly known as teak, is traditionally used to treat a range of diseases, including the common cold, headaches, bronchitis, scabies, diabetes, inflammation, and others. The present study was conducted with the purpose of isolating and identifying the active compounds in T. grandis leaf against a panel of Vibrio spp.

Metabolic profiling of UHPLC-HRMS-MS with computer-assisted structure elucidation and its antimicrobial activity.

is used as Hakka traditional herb to treat cold, flu, etc. So far, the phytochemistry and antimicrobial compounds have not been well investigated. In this study, the orbitrap-ion trap MS was used to characterize its metabolites, combined with a computer-assisted structure elucidation method, and the antimicrobial activities were assessed by a broth dilution method against 21 human pathogens, as well as the bioassay-guided purification work to clarify its main antimicrobial compounds.

The β2-adrenergic receptor in the apical membrane of intestinal enterocytes senses sugars to stimulate glucose uptake from the gut.

The presence of sugar in the gut causes induction of SGLT1, the sodium/glucose cotransporter in intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes), and this is accompanied by stimulation of sugar absorption. Sugar sensing was suggested to involve a G-protein coupled receptor and cAMP - protein kinase A signalling, but the sugar receptor has remained unknown. We show strong expression and co-localization with SGLT1 of the β2-adrenergic receptor ( -AR) at the enterocyte apical membrane and reveal its role in stimulating glucose uptake from the gut by the sodium/glucose-linked transporter, SGLT1.

Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Anthelmintic Components from , and the Mechanism of Action of Pharbitin.

Parasitic helminths continue to pose problems in human and veterinary medicine, as well as in agriculture. , the seeds of (Linn.) Choisy (Convolvulaceae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal botanical preparation widely used for treating intestinal parasites in China owing to its desirable efficacy.

Essential Oils as Novel Anthelmintic Drug Candidates.

Helminths, with an estimated 1.5 billion annual global infections, are one of the major health challenges worldwide. The current strategy of the World Health Organization to prevent helminth infection includes increasing hygienic awareness, providing better sanitation and preventative anthelmintic drug therapy in vulnerable populations.

CDK12 orchestrates super-enhancer-associated CCDC137 transcription to direct hepatic metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Background: Hepatic metastasis is the primary and direct cause of death in individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) attribute to lack of effective therapeutic targets. The present study aimed to identify potential druggable candidate targets for patients with liver metastatic CRC.

Methods: The transcriptional profiles of super-enhancers (SEs) in primary and liver metastatic CRC were evaluated in publicly accessible CRC datasets.

Identification of a Hydroxygallic Acid Derivative, Zingibroside R1 and a Sterol Lipid as Potential Active Ingredients of Extract That Has Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effects in Aged .

We examined the effects of the extracts from two traditional Chinese medicine plants, and on the healthspan of the model organism . increased the short-term memory and the mechanosensory response of aged Furthermore, both extracts improved the resistance towards oxidative stress, and decreased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species. Chemical analyses of the extracts revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds such as chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, and quercetin.

Ethnobotanical study of Hakka traditional medicine in Ganzhou, China and their antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic assessments.

Background: Traditional herbs played a crucial role in the health care of the Hakka people. However, studies to identify these traditional herbs are few. Here we document and assess the potential of these plants for treating microbial infections.

Identification of healthspan-promoting genes in Caenorhabditis elegans based on a human GWAS study.

To find drivers of healthy ageing, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in healthy and unhealthy older individuals. Healthy individuals were defined as free from cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart failure, major adverse cardiovascular event, diabetes, dementia, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, rheumatism, Crohn's disease, malabsorption or kidney disease. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with unknown function associated with ten human genes were identified as candidate healthspan markers.

Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of (Hochst.) Codd (Lamiaceae).

Hochsteter codd. () in its native African continent, is considered one of the most popular aromatic medicinal plants. In folk medicine it may be used as an infusion to treat respiratory problems, cough, headache, stomach pain, diarrhea, fever, malaria, and dengue; and in the form of compresses it is applied for the relief of headaches and toothaches.

Corrigendum: Bioassay-Guided Interpretation of Antimicrobial Compounds in Kumu, a TCM Preparation From ' Stem via UHPLC-Orbitrap-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer Combined With Fragmentation and Retention Time Calculation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.

Optimization of a locomotion-based zebrafish seizure model.

Background: Locomotor assays in zebrafish have emerged as a screening test in early drug discovery for antiseizure compounds. However, parameters differ considerably between published studies, which may explain some discrepant results with (candidate) antiseizure medications.

New Method: We optimized a locomotor-based seizure assay in zebrafish with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) as the pharmacological proconvulsant to generate a therapeutic window in which proconvulsant-treated zebrafish larvae could be discriminated from a non-treated control.

Anticancer Activities of Mushrooms: A Neglected Source for Drug Discovery.

Approximately 270 species of mushrooms have been reported as potentially useful for human health. However, few mushrooms have been studied for bioactive compounds that can be helpful in treating various diseases. Like other natural regimens, the mushroom treatment appears safe, as could be expected from their long culinary and medicinal use.

Medicinal mushrooms: Clinical perspective and challenges.

Mushrooms are valued by humans worldwide as food, but also for their medicinal properties. Over 130 medicinal effects of mushrooms have been reported, including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, prebiotic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits. Several mushrooms have been tested in phase I, II, or III clinical trials for various diseases, including cancers, as well as to modulate immunity.

Bioassay-Guided Interpretation of Antimicrobial Compounds in Kumu, a TCM Preparation From Stem via UHPLC-Orbitrap-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Combined With Fragmentation and Retention Time Calculation.

The stem of (PQ) was recorded as a prominent traditional Chinese medicine, Kumu, which was effective for microbial infection, inflammation, fever, and dysentery, etc. At present, Kumu is widely used in China to develop different medicines, even as injection (Kumu zhusheye), for combating infections. However, the chemical basis of its antimicrobial activity has still not been elucidated.

Anti-vibrio and immune-enhancing activity of medicinal plants in shrimp: A comprehensive review.

Disease epidemics in shrimp aquaculture increase apace with the development of aquaculture systems throughout the world. The disease caused by Vibrio spp. (vibriosis) is considered the most devastating, which has made it the most feared bacterial disease in the shrimp sector.

Antibacterial and antitumoral properties of 1,2,3-triazolo fused triterpenes and their mechanism of inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60 cells.

Antimicrobial resistance and cancer are two important problems affecting human health. Actively developing novel antibiotics and anticancer medicines is a priority. Natural pentacyclic triterpenoids have attracted wide attention due to their significant biological activities.