Fortifying the Rasamsonia emersonii secretome with recombinant cellobiohydrolase (GH7) for efficient biomass saccharification.

GH7 cellobiohydrolases (CBH1s) are essential for depolymerizing crystalline cellulose, yet the hypercellulolytic thermophile Rasamsonia emersonii secretes them only in low amounts, leaving a gap in its native enzyme cocktail. To see whether a cognate CBH1 could fill this gap and how it stacks up against the industrial workhorse strain Trichoderma reesei Cel7A, we codon optimized the R. emersonii gene (Rem_GH7CBHI), expressed it in Pichia pastoris and purified the recombinant enzyme for structural and functional analysis.

Heterologous Expression of Thermostable Endoglucanases from Rasamsonia emersonii: A Paradigm Shift in Biomass Hydrolysis.

In this study, two thermostable endoglucanases (Rem_GH5EG and Rem_GH7EG) from Rasamsonia emersonii were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized to evaluate their potential for industrial biomass saccharification. Rem_GH5EG demonstrated markedly superior catalytic efficiency toward barley β-glucan (kcat/Km = 6.3 × 10/mg mL/min), while Rem_GH7EG exhibited a preference for carboxymethyl cellulose (kcat/Km = 1.

Advancing bioremediation: biosurfactants as catalysts for sustainable remediation.

Emerging contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants, perfluorinated compounds, and microplastics pose unparallel challenges to environmental health and current remediation techniques. Microbial biosurfactants, biodegradable compounds produced by microorganisms, have gained attention as eco-friendly alternatives for degrading recalcitrant pollutants. Unlike traditional chemical surfactants, biosurfactants offer the dual benefit of being derived from renewable resources while enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic contaminants.

Energy metabolism coordination for the byproduct-free biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol in Escherichia coli.

The efficient, byproduct-free production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO), a valuable chemical widely used in various industries, presents a significant challenge in bio-based manufacturing, due to its reduced nature. In this study, Escherichia coli K12 was engineered to achieve high-yield 1,3-PDO production by optimizing glucose metabolism and utilizing glycerol as a feedstock. Glycolytic flux was rerouted to the NADPH-generating pentose phosphate (PP) pathway, linking NADPH regeneration to 1,3-PDO biosynthesis.

Ecotoxicological impact of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides on non-targeted organisms: a review.

As the global population continues to grow, the use of pesticides to increase food production is projected to escalate. Pesticides are critical in plant protection, offering a powerful defense against fungal diseases such as apple scab, leaf spot, sclerotinia rot, damping off, sheath blight, and root rot, which threaten crops like cereals, corn, cotton, soybean, sugarcane, tuberous vegetables, and ornamentals. Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides represent a novel class essential for controlling fungal pathogens and bolstering food security.

Microbiome divergence across four major Indian riverine water ecosystems impacted by anthropogenic contamination: A comparative metagenomic analysis.

Rivers are critical ecosystems that support biodiversity and local livelihoods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of metal contamination and anthropogenic activities on microbial and phage community dynamics within major Indian river ecosystems, focusing on the Ganga, Narmada, Cauvery, and Gomti rivers -using metagenomic techniques, Biolog, and ICP-MS analysis. Significant variations in microbial communities were observed both within each river and across the four systems, influenced by ecological factors like geography and hydrology, as well as anthropogenic pressures.

Integrating advanced techniques and machine learning for landfill leachate treatment: Addressing limitations and environmental concerns.

This review article explores the challenges associated with landfill leachate resulting from the increasing disposal of municipal solid waste in landfills and open areas. The composition of landfill leachate includes antibiotics (0.001-100 μg), heavy metals (0.

Unlocking bioremediation potential for site restoration: A comprehensive approach for crude oil degradation in agricultural soil and phytotoxicity assessment.

Crude oil contamination has inflicted severe damage to soil ecosystems, necessitating effective remediation strategies. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of four different techniques (biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioaugmentation + biostimulation, and natural attenuation) for remediating agricultural soil contaminated with crude oil using soil microcosms. A consortium of previously characterized bacteria Xanthomonas boreopolis, Microbacterium schleiferi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus velezensis was constructed for bioaugmentation.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for enhanced production of 1,3-butanediol from glucose.

1,3-Butanediol (1,3-BDO) finds versatile applications in the cosmetic, chemical, and food industries. This study focuses on the metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli K12 to achieve efficient production of 1,3-BDO from glucose via acetoacetyl-CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, and 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde. The accumulation of an intermediary metabolite (pyruvate) and a byproduct (3-hydroxybutyric acid) was reduced by disruption of the negative transcription factor (PdhR) for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) and employing an efficient alcohol dehydrogenase (YjgB), respectively.

Deciphering the kinetics and pathway of lindane biodegradation by novel soil ascomycete fungi for its implication in bioremediation.

Lindane, an organochlorine pesticide, negatively affects living beings and the ecosystem. In this study, the potential of 9 Ascomycetes fungi, isolated from an hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite soil, was tested for biodegradation of lindane. The strain Pleurostoma richardsiae (FN5) showed lindane biodegradation rate constant (K value) of 0.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for biological production of 1, 3-Butanediol.

The production of 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO) from glucose was investigated using Escherichia coli as the host organism. A pathway was engineered by overexpressing genes phaA (acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase), phaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase), bld (CoA-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase), and yqhD (alcohol dehydrogenase). The expression levels of these genes were optimized to improve 1,3-BDO production and pathways that compete with 1,3-BDO synthesis were disrupted.

Sustainable utilization of peel for obtaining pectin and its application in cookies as a fat replacer.

In this study, a five-factorial central composite design was employed to optimize pectin extraction from novel source, through ultrasound-assisted extraction. A 35.58% yield was obtained under optimized conditions of pH 1.

A review on control and abatement of soil pollution by heavy metals: Emphasis on artificial intelligence in recovery of contaminated soil.

"Save Soil Save Earth" is not just a catchphrase; it is a necessity to protect soil ecosystem from the unwanted and unregulated level of xenobiotic contamination. Numerous challenges such as type, lifespan, nature of pollutants and high cost of treatment has been associated with the treatment or remediation of contaminated soil, whether it be either on-site or off-site. Due to the food chain, the health of non-target soil species as well as human health were impacted by soil contaminants, both organic and inorganic.

Functional genomic analysis of an efficient indole degrading bacteria strain Alcaligenes faecalis IITR89 and its biodegradation characteristics.

Indole is a nitrogenous heterocyclic aromatic pollutant often detected in various environments. An efficient indole degrading bacterium strain IITR89 was isolated from River Cauvery, India, and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus.

Development of immobilized novel fungal consortium for the efficient remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewaters.

Free cyanide is a hazardous pollutant released from steel industries. Environmentally-safe remediation of cyanide-contaminated wastewater is required. In this work, Pseudomonas stutzeri (ASNBRI_B12), Trichoderma longibrachiatum (ASNBRI_F9), Trichoderma saturnisporum (ASNBRI_F10) and Trichoderma citrinoviride (ASNBRI_F14) were isolated from blast-furnace wastewater and activated-sludge by enrichment culture.

A review on the effect of micro- and nano-plastics pollution on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

The recent upsurge in the studies on micro/nano plastics and antimicrobial resistance genes has proven their deleterious effects on the environmental and human health. Till-date, there is a scarcity of studies on the interactions of these two factors and their combined influence. The interaction of microplastics has led to the formation of new plastics namely plastiglomerates, pyroplastics.

Bacterial remediation of pesticide polluted soils: Exploring the feasibility of site restoration.

For decades, reclamation of pesticide contaminated sites has been a challenging avenue. Due to increasing agricultural demand, the application of synthetic pesticides could not be controlled in its usage, and it has now adversely impacted the soil, water, and associated ecosystems posing adverse effects on human health. Agricultural soil and pesticide manufacturing sites, in particular, are one of the most contaminated due to direct exposure.

Production of biopolymers from food waste: Constrains and perspectives.

Food is an essential commodity for the survival of any form of life on earth. Yet generation of plethora of food waste has significantly elevated the global concern for food scarcity, human and environment deterioration. Also, increasing use of polymers derived from petroleum hydrocarbons has elevated the concerns towards the depletion of this non-renewable resource.

Deciphering the blackbox of omics approaches and artificial intelligence in food waste transformation and mitigation.

It is necessary to stop the wastage of food during any stage of food chain to resolve the challenge of starvation, hunger and malnutrition in the world. Inception of modern techniques like omics (metagenomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, wasteomics, diseaseomics etc), enzymatic treatments, and artificial intelligence in food waste reduction and management can bring a sustainable solution for food loss management, starvation and environmental challenges. Acceptance of modern techniques while policies formulation by government bodies can substantially strengthen the idea of waste reduction, food security and can easily save the life of around 25,000 children and adults dying of starvation every day.

Sustainable strategies for combating hydrocarbon pollution: Special emphasis on mobil oil bioremediation.

The global rise in industrialization and vehicularization has led to the increasing trend in the use of different crude oil types. Among these mobil oil has major application in automobiles and different machines. The combustion of mobil oil renders a non-usable form that ultimately enters the environment thereby causing problems to environmental health.

Valorization of citrus peel waste for the sustainable production of value-added products.

Globally the generation and mismanagement of waste from fruit processing and post-harvest impose a severe burden on waste management strategies along with environmental pollution, health hazards. Citrus waste is one of such worrying fruit waste, which is rich in several value-added chemicals, including pectin. Pectin is a prebiotic polysaccharide possessing a multitude of health benefits.