DELLA protein RGL2 integrates with FLOWERING LOCUS T to mediate growth and seasonal dormancy in poplar.

Seasonal growth is a survival mechanism evolved by perennial trees in the process of adaptation to different latitudinal and seasonal climate changes. Gibberellins (GA) participate in the induction of dormancy and bud break in trees. DELLA proteins may modulate GA signaling, but their role in regulating seasonal growth of poplar has not been elucidated yet.

Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes.

The European Union has recently passed the Nature Restoration Law which, among others, seeks to increase the cover of forest reserves protected for biodiversity and, globally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework similarly seeks to expand protected areas. Here we test whether a trade-off exists between protected areas expansion and fire activity, leading to a higher exposure to fire for the population in protected areas, because they often harbor more biomass and occur in remote areas. We analyzed forest fires affecting 14,892,174 ha, and intersecting 10,999 protected areas, across fire-prone European Temperate and Mediterranean forest biomes, and in similar ecosystems within California, Chile and Australia.

ORANGE proteins mediate adaptation to high light and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae in tomato by regulating chlorophylls and carotenoids accumulation.

Chlorophylls and carotenoids are crucial for photosynthesis and plant survival, with ORANGE (OR) protein being pivotal in pigment accumulation. Despite tomato being rich in carotenoids, the roles of OR proteins in tomato have been overlooked. Herein, we characterized two OR genes in tomato, SlOR and SlOR-like, which are highly expressed in stems, leaves, and flowers, with their proteins being localized to chloroplasts.

Newly isolated bacterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus effectively reduce the root cadmium concentration and increase the root biomass of Ophiopogon japonicus.

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is one of the major challenges in food production. This has led to above-maximum threshold accumulation of Cd in O. japonicus roots.

Enhancing hexavalent chromium stable reduction via sodium alginate encapsulation of newly isolated fungal and bacterial consortia.

Chromium [Cr(VI)]-induced soil pollution is a serious environmental threat. Bioremediation utilizes specific microbes capable of transforming Cr(VI) into the less toxic Cr(III), however, microbial efficacy can be inhibited by elevated pollutant concentrations and competition from indigenous microbial communities. Thus, this study explored the potential of single and multi-domain microbial consortia encapsulated in alginate to overcome these shortcomings.

The role of leaf superoxide dismutase and proline on intra-specific photosynthesis recovery of Schima superba following drought.

Understanding the physiological and biochemical responses of tree seedlings under extreme drought stress, along with recovery during rewatering, and potential intra-species differences, will allow us to more accurately predict forest responses under future climate change. Here, we selected seedlings from four provenances (AH (Anhui), JX (Jiangxi), HN (Hunan) and GX (Guangxi)) of Schima superba and carried out a simulated drought-rewatering experiment in a field-based rain-out shelter. Seedlings were progressively dried until they reached 50% and 88% loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity (PLC) (i.

Globe-LFMC 2.0, an enhanced and updated dataset for live fuel moisture content research.

Globe-LFMC 2.0, an updated version of Globe-LFMC, is a comprehensive dataset of over 280,000 Live Fuel Moisture Content (LFMC) measurements. These measurements were gathered through field campaigns conducted in 15 countries spanning 47 years.

ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5a modulates FLOWERING LOCUS T2 and gibberellin levels to control dormancy and bud break in poplar.

Photoperiod is a crucial environmental cue for phenological responses, including growth cessation and winter dormancy in perennial woody plants. Two regulatory modules within the photoperiod pathway explain bud dormancy induction in poplar (Populus spp.): the circadian oscillator LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 2 (LHY2) and GIGANTEA-like genes (GIs) both regulate the key target for winter dormancy induction FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2).

Time-dependent regulation of respiration is widespread across plant evolution.

Establishing the temperature dependence of respiration is critical for accurate predictions of the global carbon cycle under climate change. Diurnal temperature fluctuations, or changes in substrate availability, lead to variations in leaf respiration. Additionally, recent studies hint that the thermal sensitivity of respiration could be time-dependent.

The heat response regulators HSFA1s promote thermomorphogenesis via stabilizing PIF4 during the day.

During summer, plants often experience increased light inputs and high temperatures, two major environmental factors with contrasting effects on thermomorphological traits. The integration of light and temperature signaling to control thermomorphogenesis in plants is critical for their acclimation in such conditions, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We found that heat shock transcription factor 1d (HSFA1d) and its homologs are necessary for plant thermomorphogenesis during the day.

Root relative water content is a potential signal for impending mortality of a subtropical conifer during extreme drought stress.

Adaptation to future climates characterized by more frequent severe droughts requires enhanced mechanistic understanding of tree mortality. However, our knowledge of the physiological limits to withstand extreme drought, and how the coordination between water and carbon traits enhances survival, is still limited. Potted seedlings of Pinus massoniana were dehydrated to three target droughts (percentage loss of stem hydraulic conductivity of ca.

Transcriptome and Low-Affinity Sodium Transport Analysis Reveals Salt Tolerance Variations between Two Poplar Trees.

Salinity stress severely hampers plant growth and productivity. How to improve plants' salt tolerance is an urgent issue. However, the molecular basis of plant resistance to salinity still remains unclear.

Disentangling leaf structural and material properties in relationship to their anatomical and chemical compositional traits in oaks (Quercus L.).

Background And Aims: The existence of sclerophyllous plants has been considered an adaptive strategy against different environmental stresses. Given that it literally means 'hard-leaved', it is essential to quantify the leaf mechanical properties to understand sclerophylly. However, the relative importance of each leaf trait for mechanical properties is not yet well established.

Effects of Co-Inoculating spp. with on Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation in Soybeans ( (L.)).

Crop production encounters challenges due to the dearth of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), while excessive chemical fertilizer use causes environmental hazards. The use of N-fixing microbes and P-solubilizing microbes (PSMs) can be a sustainable strategy to overcome these problems. Here, we conducted a greenhouse pot experiment following a completely randomized blocked design to elucidate the influence of co-inoculating N-fixing bacteria () and PSMs ( and ) on atmospheric N-fixation, growth, and yield.

Integrating plant physiology into simulation of fire behavior and effects.

Wildfires are a global crisis, but current fire models fail to capture vegetation response to changing climate. With drought and elevated temperature increasing the importance of vegetation dynamics to fire behavior, and the advent of next generation models capable of capturing increasingly complex physical processes, we provide a renewed focus on representation of woody vegetation in fire models. Currently, the most advanced representations of fire behavior and biophysical fire effects are found in distinct classes of fine-scale models and do not capture variation in live fuel (i.

Reduction of Cd Uptake in Rice () Grain Using Different Field Management Practices in Alkaline Soils.

Cadmium contamination and toxicity on plants and human health is a major problem in China. Safe rice production in Cd-contaminated alkaline soils, with acceptably low Cd levels and high yields, remains an important research challenge. To achieve this, a small-scale field experiment with seven different soil amendment materials was conducted to test their effects performance.

Newly isolated halotolerant Aspergillus sp. showed high diesel degradation efficiency under high salinity environment aided with hematite.

The contamination of saline soil with hazardous petroleum hydrocarbons is a common problem across coastal areas globally. Bioaugmentation combined with chemical treatment is an emerging remediation technique, but it currently shows low efficiency under high saline environments. In this study, we screened and used a novel halotolerant lipolytic fungal consortium (HLFC) combined with hematite (FeO) for the bioremediation of diesel contaminated saline soils.

North-south antiphase of wildfire activity across the pyroregions of continental China driven by NAO and the Antarctic oscillation.

Wildfires are a natural disturbance in many parts of the world, but fire regimes are changing as a result of anthropogenic pressures. A key uncertainty towards anticipating future changes in burned area lies in understanding the effects of climate teleconnections (CTs). Here we test how different CTs impact burned area in China, a large country comprising different biomes and where similar fire-suppression and post-fire afforestation policies are implemented.

Forest fire threatens global carbon sinks and population centres under rising atmospheric water demand.

Levels of fire activity and severity that are unprecedented in the instrumental record have recently been observed in forested regions around the world. Using a large sample of daily fire events and hourly climate data, here we show that fire activity in all global forest biomes responds strongly and predictably to exceedance of thresholds in atmospheric water demand, as measured by maximum daily vapour pressure deficit. The climatology of vapour pressure deficit can therefore be reliably used to predict forest fire risk under projected future climates.

Drivers and implications of the extreme 2022 wildfire season in Southwest Europe.

Wildfire is a common phenomenon in Mediterranean countries but the 2022 fire season has been extreme in southwest Europe (Portugal, Spain and France). Here we provide a preliminary but comprehensive analysis of 2022's wildfire season in southwest Europe. Burned area has exceeded the 2001-2021 median by a factor of 52 in some regions and large wildfires (>500 ha) started to occur in June-July, earlier than the traditional fire season.