Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material.

This study evaluated the mechanical and anti-bacterial properties of photocurable clear aligner resin (TC-85) incorporated with zwitterionic material, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). Three experimental solutions were synthesized using 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and clear aligner resin (TC-85). A group without any experimental solution served as a control.

Effectiveness of early active mandibular exercise in early recovery of mandibular movement and quality of life after orthognathic surgery: a single-centre randomised clinical trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early active mandibular exercise (AME) to address mouth-opening limitation following orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. This was a single-centre, randomised, controlled, and double-blinded experimental study. In 44 subjects, the experimental group (n = 21) performed AME 10 times daily and were asked to self-assess the degree of opening by counting the number of tongue depressors they could fit in, whereas the control group (n = 23) performed only basic finger exercises.

Straightforward, safe, and efficient interlocking screw insertion during intramedullary nailing using a Steinmann pin and hammer: a comparative study.

Accurately targeting distal nail holes and placing distal interlocking screws pose challenges during intramedullary nailing. This study proposes a straightforward technique for distal locking screw insertion using a Steinmann pin, eliminating the need to reposition the pin or drill bit. We utilized 18 Sawbones femur models and intramedullary femur nails.

Multi-step finite element simulation for clear aligner space closure: a proof-of-concept compensation protocol.

Clear aligners have transformed orthodontic treatment; however, they exhibit limited effectiveness in closing extraction spaces due to cumulative movement errors and excessive tipping. This proof-of-concept study introduces an innovative multi-step finite element method (FEM) for simulating sequential clear aligner applications in extraction space closure. A compensation protocol, incorporating an adaptive iterative FEM, was compared with a conventional protocol, and movement precision and unintended tipping were analyzed.

Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Stages Evaluation for Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate to Assess Growth and Treatment Timing in East-Asian Population.

Objective: To evaluate spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion stages in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and compare them with cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages to determine the timing of treatment.

Materials And Methods: The authors examined 230 patients with CLP (131 males and 99 females; mean age 9.3±5.

Artificial intelligence-based tumor size measurement on mammography: agreement with pathology and comparison with human readers' assessments across multiple imaging modalities.

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between artificial intelligence (AI)-based tumor size measurements of breast cancer and the final pathology and compare these results with those of other imaging modalities.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 925 women (mean age, 55.3 years ± 11.

Effectiveness of a Digital Game-Based Physical Activity Program (AI-FIT) on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Elementary School Children.

Objectives: This study empirically examined the effects of a digital game-based physical activity program (AI-FIT) on elementary school children's health-related physical fitness while exploring the role of educational technology (EdTech) as a practical solution to post-pandemic physical inactivity.

Methods: This study was conducted over a 12-week period, from September to December 2024, with 40 students (grades 4 to 6) from an elementary school located in a mid-sized city in South Korea. The participants had a mean age of 10.

Skeletal Muscle Density as a Predictive Marker for Pathologic Complete Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy.

: The predictive value of muscle-related indicators in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the skeletal muscle density (SMD) and clinical variables related to the physical reserve with respect to its impact on the pathologic complete response (pCR). : We retrospectively analyzed TNBC patients who underwent NAC at Seoul St.

Exploring the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence-Based Computer-Aided Detection for Breast Cancer Detection on Digital Mammograms.

Purpose: In this retrospective study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of artificial intelligence-based computer-aided detection (AI-CAD) for breast cancer detection on mammograms.

Materials And Methods: Mammograms from 269 women with breast cancer were analyzed. Cancer visibility was determined based on reports from experienced radiologists.

Prevalence and characteristics of impacted teeth in Korean orthodontic patients at ten university dental hospitals.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of impacted teeth (ITs) in orthodontic patients at university dental hospitals in Korea.

Methods: This study included 14,774 patients who visited the Department of Orthodontics at 10 university dental hospitals in Korea between 2020 and 2022 and underwent orthodontic diagnosis. The prevalence and characteristics of ITs were investigated using orthodontic diagnostic records, radiographs, and diagnostic casts.

Force and moment analysis of clear aligners: Impact of material properties and design on premolar rotation.

Objective: To quantitatively analyze and compare the forces and moments generated by thermoformed polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and direct-printed TC-85 clear aligners (CAs), with various margin designs, during premolar rotation.

Methods: In total, 132 CAs were fabricated and divided into four groups (n = 33 per group). Group C consisted of thermoformed PETG aligners with a 2 mm gingival margin.

High-quality and stable perovskite nanocrystals with enhanced properties via photo-brightening.

Colloidal inorganic perovskite CsPbX nanocrystals (NCs) with extraordinary properties have emerged as key materials for light management in next-generation optoelectronic devices. Cyan-emitting perovskites show strong potential for high-quality lighting applications. In terms of post-treatment, light irradiation can cause considerable changes in optical features, leading to either photo-brightening or photo-darkening effects.

HER2 (2+)/SISH-positive vs. HER2 (3+) Breast Cancer: Pre-treatment MRI Differences and Accuracy of pCR Prediction on Post-treatment MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate whether HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) (2+)/SISH (silver-enhanced in situ hybridization)+ and HER2 (3+) breast cancers exhibit distinct imaging characteristics on pre-treatment MRI and assess differences in pCR (pathologic complete response) prediction accuracy on post-treatment MRI, considering interobserver variability.

Methods: This retrospective study included 301 HER2-positive breast cancer patients (mean age, 54 ± 10 years) who underwent NAC and surgery. Pre-treatment MRI features were analyzed in consensus.

APOBEC-Driven Hypermutation in the Lymphocyte-Predominant Group of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer subclassification. Triple-negative breast cancer was classified into the luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype and the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) groups of the non-LAR subtype-lymphocyte predominant (LP), lymphocyte intermediate, and lymphocyte depleted-based on androgen receptor immunohistochemistry and TILs. Clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics were evaluated for these triple-negative breast cancer subclasses.

Effects of clear aligner edentulous space design on distal canine movement: An iterative finite element analysis in cases involving extraction.

Objective: Using finite element method (FEM) analysis of a clear aligner (CA), this study aimed to investigate the effects of varying the edentulous space on canine distal bodily movement during space closure following maxillary first premolar extraction.

Methods: FEM analysis was used to simulate distal canine bodily movement following maxillary first premolar extraction using CAs. Four CA designs for edentulous spaces were compared: no-pontic, full-pontic, half-pontic, and beam.

Correlating p53 immunostaining patterns with somatic TP53 mutation and functional properties of mutant p53 in triple-negative breast cancer.

Aims: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of p53 is a potential marker for TP53 mutations in various cancers. However, criteria for predicting TP53 mutations in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using p53 IHC staining are not yet established. We aim to correlate p53 IHC expression patterns with TP53 mutation status in TNBC.

Mammographic density as a predictor of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ in over six million South Korean women.

Purpose: Evidence on the associations between categorical mammographic density and breast cancer risk by tumor invasiveness remains limited in Asian women. This large, population-based cohort study investigated the distribution of mammographic density by age and menopausal status, as well as its association with the risks of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in South Korean women.

Methods: Mammographic screening was performed on 6,365,522 women between 2009 and 2014 through the Korean National Cancer Screening Program.

Effect of miniscrew-assisted maxillary protraction on width changes in the circummaxillary sutures.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in the width of five circummaxillary sutures after miniscrew-assisted maxillary protraction (MAMP) and to identify which of them are most significantly affected.

Materials And Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) performed before and after MAMP treatment was used to assess the sutural and cephalometric changes in growing patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion (n = 17). CBCT-generated lateral cephalograms were analyzed for skeletal and dental changes.

Enhanced Detection of Residual Breast Cancer Post-Excisional Biopsy: Comparative Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced MRI with and Without Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of breast MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in detecting residual lesions in patients with malignancy after excisional biopsy.

Methods: From January 2018 to December 2023, 3T breast MRI was performed to assess lesion morphology, residual size, and enhancement kinetics. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured, and the diagnostic outcomes of CE-MRI, CE-MRI with DWI, mammography (MG), and ultrasound (US) were compared with clinical and histopathological data.

Efficacy of Mammographic Artificial Intelligence-Based Computer-Aided Detection in Predicting Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

This study evaluates the potential of an AI-based computer-aided detection (AI-CAD) system in digital mammography for predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). A retrospective analysis of 132 patients who underwent NAC and surgery between January 2020 and December 2022 was performed. Pre- and post-NAC mammograms were analyzed using conventional CAD and AI-CAD systems, with negative exams defined by the absence of marked abnormalities.

Evaluation of different designs of 3D printed clear aligners on mandibular premolar extrusion using force/moment measurement devices and digital image correlation method.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) printed clear aligners (CA) with different designs on the extrusion of mandibular premolars using a force/moment measurement system and digital image correlation (DIC).

Methods: The forces and moments applied to the mandibular canines, first and second premolars were measured using a multi-axis force/moment transducer when an extrusion of 0.5 mm was planned, assuming the mandibular first premolars were intruded by 1 mm.