pH-Responsive Fluorescence Turn-On Copper(II)-Probe for Nitric Oxide Detection: A Reductive Nitrosylation Approach.

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the crucial biological signaling molecules, yet achieving its selective and spatiotemporal detection in in-situ/invitro or biological systems at specific pH remains a significant challenge. Hence, a probe capable of directly detecting NO would be immensely valuable in understanding its reactivity and biological functions. Here, to develop a Cu(II)-based probe for selective NO detection, we synthesized a Cu(II)-complex (1) using a N3-tridentate ligand having a pendant dansyl fluorophore (L) and evaluated it's NO reactivity under varying pH conditions.

Decoding information entropy of fatty acid and phospholipid vesicles ordering combinatorial output of hydrazones.

Leveraging information entropy to quantitatively measure the organizational diversity and complexity of different chemical systems is a compelling need for next-generation supramolecular and systems chemistry. It can also be a strategy for digitalizing and enabling the bottom-up development of life-like complex systems following probable origin-of-life scenarios. According to the lipid world hypothesis, lipid molecules appear first to facilitate compartmentalization, catalysis, information processing, It is envisaged that fatty acid-based vesicles are more primitive than phospholipid vesicles.

C-H Bond Activation via Photolysis of a Mn Nitride Ligand Radical Complex.

We report the thermal and photoactivation of a solution-stable Mn nitride ligand radical complex , which facilitates N-N bond homocoupling to generate N, a reaction commonly observed in Mn nitrides. Theoretical calculations suggest that the nitride is ambiphilic, facilitating the N-N bond formation. Notably, photoactivation of the Mn ligand radical at room temperature enables rapid C-H bond activation, leading to the formation of C-N insertion products, excluding dihydroanthracene where a desaturation product is observed.

Environmental Drivers and Spatial Distribution of Dengue Fever in Gandaki Province: Evidence From 2021 to 2024.

Background: Dengue fever, a rapidly expanding mosquito-borne disease influenced by environmental and climatic factors, has increasingly affected Nepal's Gandaki Province, prompting this study to investigate its spatial distribution and drivers from 2021 to 2024.

Methods: This study analysed the spatial distribution of dengue incidence in Gandaki Province, Nepal, from 2021 to 2024 by integrating environmental variables such as temperature, precipitation, vegetation, and water indices using remote sensing datasets. Spatial autocorrelation and cluster patterns were assessed through Global and Local Moran's I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association using QGIS and GeoDa software.

Metal bioaccumulation in edible fauna and phytoremediation by mangroves in the Mandovi Estuary, India.

The study investigated bioaccumulation of metals in edible bivalves and crustaceans in the Mandovi Estuary, assessing the potential toxicity to biota and human consumers. Additionally, it examined the phytoremediation potential of mangrove species in the Mandovi Estuary. The concentration of essential (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co and Ni) and toxic (Hg) metals exceeded the upper crustal average, indicating their anthropogenic contribution to estuarine environment.

Spatial distribution and cluster analysis of road traffic accidents in Nepal.

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) continue to pose a significant menace to global public health in the form of a high incidence of mortality, disability and economic expense. Their space-time trends are of importance for policy decision-making. This particular study employed spatial analysis to identify high-risk zones and found significant clustering of accidents in urban centers as well as increasing semi-urban and rural vulnerabilities, supporting the need for safety interventions and road infrastructure improvements in Nepal.

Molecular Crosstalk between Artificial Sweetener Aspartame and Diabetes-Linked Insulin Hormone Unveils Possible Amyloidosis Risks.

An important adaptation for diabetes patients is the consumption of artificial sweetener aspartame, which is present in more than thousands of food products and medicines. Several studies have shown diverse side effects of aspartame, and it is also known to form amyloid-like cytotoxic and cross-seeding-competent nanostructures. Here, we reveal a direct crosstalk between aspartame and insulin that induces their cross-seeding and coaggregation events.

Epidemiology and surveillance of influenza, RSV and SARS-CoV-2 in children admitted with severe acute respiratory infection in West bengal, India from 2022 to 2023.

Background: Evaluating the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza among young children in LMICs is crucial to inform implementation policies, given the importance of maternal influenza and RSV vaccination, which may not yet be widely available.

Methods: This study established a one-year surveillance of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from June 2022-2023 in hospitalized children 1-24 months from rural West Bengal India. We tested nasopharyngeal swabs collected from children admitted with SARI using multiplex real-time PCR for influenza, RSV, SARS-CoV-2, with a subset (N = 81) tested for additional respiratory pathogens and analyzed clinical features, factors influencing infections, and hospitalization duration.

Gold Nanocluster Isomerization Drives Supramolecular Transition from Heterochiral to Homochiral Helices.

The transformation of metal nanocluster (MNC)-based heterochiral assemblies into their homochiral analogues is a compelling goal inspired by the ubiquitous homochirality observed in living systems. Owing to the intricate factors governing nanomaterial chirality, the precise control of supramolecular chirality in MNCs remains rarely demonstrated. Herein, we demonstrated the coassembly behavior of AuNCs protected by 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (AuPRT) with chiral mandelic acid (MA), which revealed the formation of hybrid chiral superstructures of - and -helices in a single system.

Recent advances in drug delivery and treatment strategies for acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a highly heterogeneous and aggressive hematologic malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although significant advancements have been made in chemotherapeutic regimens, targeted therapies (e.g.

Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Long-Term Metformin Therapy.

Introduction: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a recognized complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing long-term metformin therapy. Despite metformin's widespread use due to its efficacy and safety profile, it has been associated with reduced absorption of vitamin B12, which can lead to hematologic and neurologic complications. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and its associated risk factors among T2DM patients on prolonged metformin therapy in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Dietary supplementation with nano-zinc modulates the expression of the antiviral immune gene : a novel report.

In the era of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the application of zinc has increased worldwide. It has the potential to increase the body's antioxidant status and provide better immune makeup. Currently, zinc is indiscriminately used as a therapeutic agent, and this creates an unwanted antagonism with the other interacting micronutrients that are present in the gut and causes secondary deficiencies of other critical micronutrients, which often leads to various complications.

Benzimidazole-Coordinated Copper(II) Complexes as Effectual Chemotherapeutics against Malignancy.

Cancer stands as the second-leading cause of global mortality, persistently representing a peril to human well-being. The challenges of drug insensitivity and resistance significantly impede advancements in cancer treatment, emphasizing the critical importance of developing innovative agents that specifically target malignant cells. Benzimidazole derivatives are a preferred choice in cancer therapy, and a variety of benzimidazole-based molecules have demonstrated incredible potential for anticancer therapeutic objectives.

Targeting cAMP signaling and phosphodiesterase 4 for liver disease treatment.

Liver disease is a significant health burden globally and accounts for 4% of total deaths annually. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are the leading causes of cirrhosis. Extensive studies have investigated the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms underlying the diseases.

Atomically Precise Ruddlesden-Popper Faults Induced Enhanced Emission in Ligand Stabilized Mixed Halide Perovskites.

Atomic-resolution imaging of Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) interfaces is challenging due to their concealment within perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) and the inherent limitations of conventional characterization techniques. In this study, distinctly oriented RP faults have been detected using double-Cs-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). A simple yet reliable STEM approach to achieve atomically precise identification of Pb, Cs, Br, and I atoms and analyze their spatial atomic arrangements in a single NC is employed.

Transforming agri-food waste into value: Sustainable approaches for next-generation resistant starch production.

Agri-food waste, which includes organic materials discarded throughout the food supply chain from agricultural production and post-harvest handling to processing, distribution, and consumption, poses significant environmental and economic challenges due to resource underutilization and disposal issues. However, the valorization of these residues into value-added products, particularly resistant starch (RS), offers a sustainable solution. RS, a non-digestible carbohydrate with prebiotic properties, provides numerous health benefits, including improved gut health, blood sugar regulation, and enhanced satiety.

Comparison of Accuracy of Dental Implant Placement Between Freehand and Guided Implant Surgery-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Conventional freehand implant placement protocols relied on the pre-operative radiographs for planning of implant placement. The need for a more predictable and planned approach led to the advent of computer-assisted implant placement protocols.

Purpose: A prosthetically driven implant placed according to the planned implant position helps the surgeon avoid complications like inadvertent damage to surrounding vital structures, undesired implant angulation, bone loss or inadvertent perforation.

Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Polymeric Nanoparticles Loaded with a Small Molecule Drug in Mice with Alcoholic Liver Disease.

We recently demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of a novel phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) inhibitor, KVA-D88, loaded in mPEG--P(CB--LA) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) treatment. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters and biodistribution at whole body and organ (liver) levels of this nanoformulation compared to the KVA-D88 free drug as well as their in vivo efficacies. Following administration, KVA-D88 was distributed to all major organs, with the highest accumulation in the liver and kidney and the lowest accumulation in the brain when loaded into NPs, as quantified using LC-MS/MS after a single intravenous injection in a mouse model with AALD induced by Lieber-DeCarli.

The commercial polyvalent antivenom against the "Big Four" venomous snakes of India shows poor immune recognition and neutralization of lethality and toxicity of Trimeresurus popeiorum venom proteins in the mouse model.

In tropical areas, especially India, where the "Big Four" snakes cause most snakebite cases, envenomation is still a significant public health issue. Trimeresurus popeiorum (Pope's pit viper), a species prevalent in Northeast India, remains neglected despite its medical importance. This study examines the immunological cross-reactivity and efficacy of Indian commercial polyvalent antivenoms (PAVs) in neutralizing T.

Robotic Assistance in PET-CT-guided Lung Biopsies: Enhancing Accuracy and Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) and CT performance in guiding percutaneous biopsies with histologic confirmation of lung lesions.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 50 patients, of whom 25 underwent F-FDG PET/CT-guided biopsy and 25 underwent CT-guided biopsy. The pathology results, diagnostic performance, procedure duration, and complications in the two groups were evaluated.

Extracellular Vesicle Metabolomics Holds Promise for Adult Axon Regeneration.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer lipid membrane particles that are released by every cell type. These secretions are further classified as exosomes, ectosomes, and microvesicles. They contain biomolecules (RNAs, proteins, metabolites, and lipids) with the ability to modulate various biological processes and have been shown to play a role in intercellular communication and cellular rejuvenation.

Geographical patterns of tuberculosis notification rates and their association with socioeconomic factors in Nepal: a spatial cross-sectional study (2020-2023).

Objectives: To identify the patterns of tuberculosis (TB) notification rates and examine their relationship with social and economic determinants in Nepal between 2020 and 2023.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Nepal.

Proteomic profiling and biochemical characterization of enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins of Heterometrus bengalensis venom and their pathophysiological functions in the Swiss albino mice model.

Due to its significant mortality and morbidity, scorpion sting is a public health concern worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Heterometrus bengalensis (HB) significantly impacts health; however, HB's venom composition is the least characterized. The present study provides a comprehensive insight into the HB venom (HBV) profile by in vitro enzyme assay and tandem mass spectrometry analysis of SDS-PAGE-separated venom proteins and peptides.