Naringenin-loaded Flammulina velutipes chitin-glucan complexes gel system: structural modulation and dual lipid-lowering mechanisms.

This study developed a synergistic lipid-lowering system using chitin-glucan complex (CGC) from Flammulina velutipes through green preparation and structural optimization. Enzyme-alkali treated CGC3 exhibited superior acetylation (47.85 %), crystallinity (42.

The spike 486 site is a key immune evasion point and a determinant of the immunogenicity of the RBD-dimer mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to millions of hospitalizations and deaths worldwide. The rapid emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants significantly challenged the efficacy of licensed vaccines because of the immune evasion caused by key mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Whether incorporating these critical evolutionary site(s) into COVID-19 vaccines can enhance the immunogenicity needs to be elucidated.

Studies on the effect of microplastics on the adsorption and migration of Phenanthrene in river sediment.

Microplastics (MPs) in ecosystems have garnered attention, yet their effects on the environmental behavior of organic pollutants in river sediments remain poorly understood. This study investigated how polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs influence the adsorption and migration of Phenanthrene (Phe) in sediments via batch and column experiments. Results revealed that sediment adsorption capacity for Phe followed: sediment containing 2% PE (120.

Efficacy and Safety of EGFR-TKI Combined With Early Brain Radiotherapy Versus TKI Alone in Patients With EGFR-Mutated NSCLC With Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early brain radiotherapy combined with EGFR-TKI versus EGFR-TKI alone in EGFR-mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMS). A systematic literature search was conducted in several databases. The primary outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS), while secondary outcome measures included adverse events (AEs).

Limonene-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers incorporated in hydrogels: Enhanced acid stability and controlled release properties.

Improving the acid stability of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) is critical for broadening their engineering applications. The integration of NLCs with hydrogels results in a more stable, multifunctional system that facilitates the effective and sustained release of bioactive ingredients. In this study, The chitosan/alginate hydrogel (CAH) exhibited minimal limonene release under combined high-temperature and acidic conditions when the degree of carboxyl substitution (DS) of chitosan reached 17.

The Impact of Microplastics on Adsorption of Chlorophenols by River-Suspended Sediments.

Although microplastics (MPs) are widely recognized as carriers of environmental pollutants, their impact on the adsorption behavior of chlorophenols (CPs) by river-suspended sediments (SS) remains poorly understood. This study systematically investigated the effects of three common MPs (PVC, PS, and PE) on the adsorption of 4-chlorophenol (MCP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) by SS from the Yellow River. Adsorption isotherms revealed that PVC significantly promoted CP adsorption, fitting well with the Langmuir model (R² > 0.

Novel Nanoliposomes Synergistically Modulated by Sitogluside and Dioscin: Stability, Bioavailability, and Capacity To Alleviate Hyperuricaemia.

Cholesterol (Cho) is commonly used to stabilize nanoliposomes; however, there is controversy on the relationship between Cho and health. In this study, we developed a novel multifunctional nanoliposome utilizing structurally similar sitogluside (SG) and dioscin (Dio) instead of Cho to anchor the phospholipid bilayer and synergistically modulate the membrane properties of the nanoliposome (DPPC or DOPC). The storage and gastrointestinal tract stability experiment demonstrated that the changes of physical and chemical properties, including the significantly reduced size and Dio retention rate of nanoliposomes synergistically modulated by SG and Dio compared to those of SG alone, regulated nanoliposomes.

Atomic Nb-doping of WS for high-performance synaptic transistors in neuromorphic computing.

Owing to the controllable growth and large-area synthesis for high-density integration, interest in employing atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) for synaptic transistors is increasing. In particular, substitutional doping of 2D materials allows flexible modulation of material physical properties, facilitating precise control in defect engineering for eventual synaptic plasticity. In this study, to increase the switch ratio of synaptic transistors, we selectively performed experiments on WS and introduced niobium (Nb) atoms to serve as the channel material.

Cell-Based Meat Scaffold Based on a 3D-Printed Starch-Based Gel.

Starch was mixed with a gel to produce a starch-based gel ink, which exhibited favorable printing characteristics. Through the optimization of infill density, 3D-printed scaffolds with 50% infill density and a highly ordered microstructure were successfully fabricated. The addition of calcium carbonate nanoparticles-glucono delta lactone (CaCO NPs-GDL) had notable effects on the swelling degree, digestion, water stability, and pore distribution of the scaffolds.

Enhancing acid stability of citral through internal structure modulation in nanostructured lipid carriers with solid lipids and phospholipids.

In this current study, the internal structure of nanostructured lipid carriers was modulated by phospholipids (lecithin PC, hydrogenated soybean phospholipid HPC) and solid lipids to achieve stable encapsulation of citral. The presence of high melting point HPC could construct α-crystalline type with more lattice defects and effectively inhibit β-ization. The HPC group could maintain the particle size at 155.

Regulation of Nanoliposome Rigidity and Bioavailability of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin with Phytosterols Containing Different C3 Branches.

The rigidity of nanoliposomes significantly influences their physical stability and and behaviors (e.g., cellular uptake, blood circulation, biodistribution, etc.

Transdermal Sustained Release Properties and Anti-Photoaging Efficacy of Liposome-Thermosensitive Hydrogel System.

Drug delivery systems have become a research priority in the biomedical field. The incorporation of liposomes to hydrogels further forms more robust multifunctional systems for more effective and sustained topical drug delivery. In this study, carboxymethyl-modified chitosan/hyaluronic acid (CMC/HA, CMH) thermosensitive hydrogel is developed for sustained transdermal delivery of liposomes.

Biological Tissue-Inspired Ultrasoft, Ultrathin, and Mechanically Enhanced Microfiber Composite Hydrogel for Flexible Bioelectronics.

Hydrogels offer tissue-like softness, stretchability, fracture toughness, ionic conductivity, and compatibility with biological tissues, which make them promising candidates for fabricating flexible bioelectronics. A soft hydrogel film offers an ideal interface to directly bridge thin-film electronics with the soft tissues. However, it remains difficult to fabricate a soft hydrogel film with an ultrathin configuration and excellent mechanical strength.

Fast and High-Performance Self-Powered Photodetector Based on the ZnO/Metal-Organic Framework Heterojunction.

Electrical conductive metal-organic frameworks (EC-MOFs) are emerging as an appealing class of highly tailorable electrically conducting materials with potential applications in optoelectronics. Here, we in situ grew nickel hexahydroxytriphenylene (Ni-CAT) on the surface of ZnO nanorods (NRs). The self-powered photodetectors (PDs) were fabricated with heterojunctions formed at the interface of ZnO NRs and Ni-CAT.

Fabrication of high strength cold-set sodium alginate/whey protein nanofiber double network hydrogels and their interaction with curcumin.

Enhancing the bio-based hydrogels strength is fundamental to extend their engineering applications. In this study, high strength cold-set sodium alginate/whey protein nanofiber (SA/WPN) double network hydrogels were prepared and their interaction with curcumin (Cur) was studied. Our results indicated that the rheological and textural properties of SA/WPN double network hydrogels were enhanced with increasing WPN by forming SA-COO-Ca-OOC-WPN bridge through electrostatic interactions.

Extraction and identification of steroidal saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua using natural deep eutectic solvent-synergistic quartz sand-assisted extraction method.

In this study, quartz sand with particularly sharp nanoscale edges acted like a nanoscale knife physically cut cells of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua into nanosized particles and was synergized with natural deep eutectic solvent to extract steroidal saponins of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. The natural deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride-lactic acid)-synergistic quartz sand-assisted extraction was optimized using response surface methodology. The steroidal saponins purified with AB-8 macroporous resin were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple time of flight mass spectrometry.

Antidiabetic potential of polysaccharides from regulating insulin signaling pathway and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice.

This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic activities and gut microbial regulation effects of polysaccharides from (BS) in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Our data indicated that BS polysaccharides not only improved the symptoms of hyperglycemia and relieved metabolic endotoxemia-related inflammation but also optimized the gut microbiota composition of diabetic mice with significantly decreased ratios. More importantly, altered gut microbiota components may affect liver glycogen and muscle glycogen by increasing the mRNA expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) in the liver of mice through modulated the abundance of beneficial bacteria ().

Deep eutectic solvent on extraction of flavonoid glycosides from Dendrobium officinale and rapid identification with UPLC-triple-TOF/MS.

In this study, ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) method was used to extract flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale. The mechanism of DESs extraction differences was investigated by physicochemical characterization and molecular dynamics simulation experiments. Moreover, flavonoids from Dendrobium officinale were rapidly identified and quantitatively analyzed by UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS without removing DES.

Heteronanostructural metal oxide-based gas microsensors.

The development of high-performance, portable and miniaturized gas sensors has aroused increasing interest in the fields of environmental monitoring, security, medical diagnosis, and agriculture. Among different detection tools, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)-based chemiresistive gas sensors are the most popular choice in commercial applications and have the advantages of high stability, low cost, and high sensitivity. One of the most important ways to further enhance the sensor performance is to construct MOS-based nanoscale heterojunctions (heteronanostructural MOSs) from MOS nanomaterials.

Space-Confined One-Step Growth of 2D MoO /MoS Vertical Heterostructures for Superior Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Electrolytes.

2D material-based heterostructures are constructed by stacking or spicing individual 2D layers to create an interface between them, which have exotic properties. Here, a new strategy for the in situ growth of large numbers of 2D heterostructures on the centimeter-scale substrate is developed. In the method, large numbers of 2D MoS , MoO , or their heterostructures of MoO /MoS are controllably grown in the same setup by simply tuning the gap distance between metal precursor and growth substrate, which changes the concentration of metal precursors feed.

Tough Engineering Hydrogels Based on Swelling-Freeze-Thaw Method for Artificial Cartilage.

Articular cartilage, which exhibits toughness and ultralow friction even under high squeezing pressures, plays an important role in the daily movement of joints. However, joint soft tissue lesions or injuries caused by diseases, trauma, or human functional decline are inevitable. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels, which have a water content and compressive strength similar to those of many tissues and organs, have the potential to replace tough connective tissues, including cartilage.

An unconventional vertical fluidic-controlled wearable platform for synchronously detecting sweat rate and electrolyte concentration.

Epidermal microfluidic devices with long microchannels have been developed for continuous sweat analysis, which are crucial to assess personal hydration status and underlying health conditions. However, the flow resistance in long channels and the ionic concentration variation significantly affect the accuracy of both the sweat rate and electrolyte concentration measurements. Herein, we present a novel fluidic-controlled wearable platform for synchronously dropwise-detecting the sweat rate and total electrolyte concentration.

leaf polysaccharides ameliorated hyperglycemia and promoted gut bacterial associated SCFAs to alleviate type 2 diabetes in adult mice.

The present study aimed to explore the possible mechanisms underlying leaf polysaccharides of different molecular weight to alleviate glycolipid metabolic abnormalities, organ dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis of T2D mice. An ultrafiltration membrane was employed to separate two fractions from leaf polysaccharide named LDOP-A and LDOP-B. Here, we present data supporting that oral administration of LDOP-A and LDOP-B ameliorated hyperglycemia, inhibited insulin resistance, reduced lipid concentration, improved β-cell function.